白龙江干流典型滑移-倾倒型滑坡的特征及形成机制
详细信息 本馆镜像全文    |  推荐本文 | | 获取馆网全文
摘要
探讨中陡倾角顺层岩质斜坡发生倾倒变形的特征、发育条件及形成机制。白龙江干流受区域构造环境条件的影响,纵向河谷发育,河谷两岸志留系白龙江群的砂质板岩、千枚岩等较发育,尤其在甘肃的舟曲、武都一带以软质、薄层状的绢英、碳质千枚岩为主。这些干流段岸坡稳定性较差,尤其是顺层岸坡段滑坡较发育,且多以滑移-弯曲(溃曲)、滑移-拉裂模式为特征。通过对白龙江干流水泊峡水电站的Ⅶ#滑坡、碧口水电站库区的青崖岭滑坡与孟家干沟滑坡的现场调查、分析,揭示了在陡顺倾层状岩质斜坡中还发育一种特殊的倾倒变形破坏模式,即滑移-倾倒模式。该类变形多发育在临空条件好、坡度40°以上由软硬相间或软硬互层状、岩层倾角一般在65°以上的高陡层状岩质斜坡中,是在斜坡应力场或遭受水、地震等作用下,坡脚首先发生初始倾倒变形,同时上部岩体发生滑移-倾倒,最终岩层发生连续弯曲变形、根部折断,折断面贯通而形成滑坡。
This paper researches on the characteristics the formation conditions and mechanism of the toppling deformation occurring on the medium-steep bedding rock slopes.The longitudinal valley is well developed along the Bailong River trunk streams influenced by regional geotectonic conditions.The Silurian sandy slate and phyllite are well developed in this area,especially the soft thin-layered sericite quartz and carbonaceous phyllite exposed in Zhouqu and Wudu regions.They leading to the lower stability of bank slopes.Particularly,the landslides are more likely to occur in the bedding slopes as the failure modes of sliding-toppling and sliding-tension.Further,a special toppling failure mode is founded on the steep bedding rock slopes,namely,the termed sliding-toppling mode,based on the field investigations associated withⅦ#landslide situated in the Shuiboxia hydropower station,the Qingyaling landslide and the Mengjiagangou landslide situated in the Bikou hydroelectric power station on the Bailong River.It can be concluded that the sliding-toppling mode is primarily well developed on the steep bedding rock slopes with alternating soft and hard layers.These rock slopes generally have a favorable free surface condition with the angle of slope greater than 40°and the strata dip angle greater than 65°.The formation mechanism is induced by the slope stress field,water or earthquake.The initial deformation occurs at the lower part of the slope,along with the slidingtoppling at the upper part.Finally,the continuous toppling failure surface appears in the basal plane and results in the landslide.
引文
[1]张倬元,王士天,王兰生,等.工程地质分析原理(第三版)[M].北京:地质出版社,2009.Zhang Z Y,Wang S T,Wang L S,et al.Principle of Engineering Geology Analysis(3nd ed)[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2009.(In Chinese)
    [2]王兰生.意大利瓦依昂水库滑坡考察[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2007,18(3):145-148.Wang L S.Investigation to the Italy Vajont reservoir landslide[J].Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2007,18(3):145-148.(In Chinese)
    [3]陈德川,王坚.二滩水电站近坝库岸霸王山滑坡稳定性分析[J].大坝与安全,2003(3):6-9.Chen D C,Wang J.Stability study on Bawangshan landslide near Ertan Reservoir[J].Large Dam and Safety,2003(3):6-9.(In Chinese)
    [4]何启标,赵定成.李家峡水电站坝前岩质滑坡的初步研究[J].西北水电,1986(4):7-19.He Q B,Zhao D C.The preliminary research on the rock landslide before the dam of Lijiaxia Hydropower Plant[J].Northwest Hydropower,1986(4):7-19.(In Chinese)
    [5]刘贵荣,石豫川,冯文凯.金江滑坡成因离散元模拟[J].水文地质工程地质,2007,34(1):74-76.Liu G R,Shi Y C,Feng W K.Simulation of the formation of Jinjiang landslide by DEM[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2007,34(1):74-76.(In Chinese)
    [6]黄润秋,赵松江,宋肖冰,等.四川省宣汉县天台乡滑坡形成过程和机理分析[J].水文地质工程地质,2005,32(1):13-15.Huang R Q,Zhao S J,Song X B,et al.The formation and mechanism analysis of Tiantai landslide,Xuanhan County,Sichuan Province[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2005,32(1):13-15.(In Chinese)
    [7]黄润秋.20世纪以来中国的大型滑坡及其发生机制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(3):433-454.Huang R Q.Large-scale landslides and their sliding mechanisms in china since the 20th Century[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(3):433-454.(In Chinese)
    [8]李强,张倬元.顺向斜坡岩体弯曲及蠕变-弯曲破坏机制[J].成都地质学院学报,1990,17(4):97-103.LI Q,Zhang Z Y.Mechanism of buckling and creepbuckling failure of the bedded rock masses on the consequent slopes[J].Journal of Chengdu College of Geology,1990,17(4):97-103.(In Chinese)
    [9]李荣强.突变理论在顺层边坡稳定分析中的应用[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,1993,21(3):379-386.Li R Q.Application of the catastrophic theory on stability analysis of an inclined bedding slope[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),1993,21(3):379-386.(In Chinese)
    [10]李树森,任光明,左三胜.层状结构岩体顺层斜坡失稳机制的力学分析[J].地质灾害与环境保护,1995,6(2):24-29.Li S S,Ren G M,Zuo S S.Mechanical analysis of instability mechanism of consequent slope in bedded rock mass[J].Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,1995,6(2):24-29.(In Chinese)
    [11]刘钧.顺层边坡弯曲破坏的力学分析[J].工程地质学报,1997,5(4):335-339.Liu J.Mechanical analysis of bend failure of anaclinal slope[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1997,5(4):335-339.(In Chinese)
    [12]任光明,李树森,聂德新,等.顺层坡滑坡形成机制的物理模拟及力学分析[J].山地学报,1998,16(3):182-189.Ren G M,Li S S,Nie D X,et al.The physical simulation and mechanical analysis of landslides formation mechanism on consequent slope[J].Journal of Mountain Research,1998,16(3):182-189.(In Chinese)
    [13]李云鹏,杨治林,王芝银.顺层边坡岩体结构稳定性位移理论[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(6):747-750.Li Y P,Yang Z L,Wang Z Y.Displacement theory of structure stability for rock mass bedding slope[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(6):747-750.(In Chinese)
    [14]蒋良潍,黄润秋.层状结构岩体顺层斜坡滑移-弯曲失稳计算探讨[J].山地学报,2006,24(1):88-94.Jiang L W,Huang R Q.Studies on estimate of sliding-bending rupture of bedded rock slopes[J].Journal of Mountain Research,2006,24(1):88-94.(In Chinese)
    [15]Talobra J,La Mecanique des Rockes Appliquée Aux Travaux Publics[R].Paris,Dunod,1957.
    [16]Ter-stepanian G.über den mechanismus des hakenwerfens[J].Rock Mechanics and Engineering Geology,1965.
    [17]Goodman R E,Bray J W.Toppling of rock slopes[C]//Proceedings of ASCE Specialty Conference,Rock Engineering for Foundations and Slopes,Vol.2.Colorado:Boulder,1976:201-234.
    [18]Ren G M,Li T B,Xu J.The study of geomechanical simulation on deformation and failure in deep zone of the Huanglasi landslide[C]//Proceedings of the 7th International Congress of International Association of Engineering Geology.1994:1647-1652.
    [19]韩贝传,王思敬.边坡倾倒变形的形成机制与影响因素分析[J].工程地质学报,1999,7(3):213-217.Han B C,Wang S J.Analysis of mechanism for toppling deformation of slope and influencing factors[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1999,7(3):213-217.(In Chinese)
    [20]任光明,聂德新,刘高.反倾向岩质斜坡变形破坏特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(增刊2):2707-2710.Ren G M,Nie D X,Liu G.Studies on deformation and failure properties of anti-dip rock mass slope[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(S2):2707-2710.(In Chinese)
    [21]Cruden D M,Hu X.Topples on under dip slopes in the Highwood Pass,Alberta,Canada[J].Q J Eng Geol,1994,27:57-68.
    [22]Tamrakar N K,Yokota S,Osaka O.A toppled structure with sliding in the Siwalik Hills,Midwestern Nepal[J].Engineering Geology,2002,64(4):339-350.
    [23]任光明,夏敏,李果,等.陡倾顺层岩质斜坡倾倒变形破坏特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(增刊1):3193-3200.Ren G M,Xia M,Li G,et al.Study on toppling deformation and failure characteristics of steep bedding rock slope[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(S1):3191-3200.(In Chinese)
    [24]夏敏,任光明,李果,等.陡倾顺层斜坡倾倒变形破坏的数值模拟研究[C]//第三届全国岩土与工程学术大会论文集,2009:352-355.Xia M,Ren G M,Li G,et al.Mumerical simulation for the toppling deformation and failure properties of steep bedding rockmass slope[C]//Proceedings of the 3rd Conference of Geo-Engineering,China.2009:352-355.(In Chinese)
    [25]陈全明.陡倾顺层岩质斜坡倾倒变形破坏机制的数值模拟研究[D].成都:成都理工大学档案馆,2011.Chen Q M.Numerical Simulation on Toppling Deformation and Failure Mechanism of Steep Bedding Rock Slope[D].Chengdu:The Archive of Chengdu University of Technology,2011.(In Chinese)
    [26]宋彦辉,黄民奇,陈新建.黄河上游茨哈峡水电站右坝肩顺层岩质斜坡破坏模式分析[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2011,22(1):51-56.Song Y H,Huang M Q,Chen J X.Failure pattern of the rock slope of right dam abutment of Cihaxia power station located at the upstream of the Yellow River[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2011,22(1):51-56.(In Chinese)

版权所有:© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心