重庆南川甑子岩-二垭岩危岩带特征及其稳定性分析
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摘要
在调查重庆南川甑子岩-二垭岩段88处近水平层状大型危岩形成的地质环境背景基础上,分析了危岩发育特征、影响因素以及稳定情况,查明了危岩体结构与失稳模式的相关性,分坠落式、倾倒式、滑移式三种失稳模式进行稳定性分析。研究表明该危岩带是金佛山向斜核部经长期地质演化形成的近水平层状厚层灰岩陡崖,受降雨、岩溶、底部软弱层及大面积地下采空影响形成的,属特大型危岩带。其中,危岩带内的塔状岩体是西南缓倾层状灰岩山区典型的危岩类型,破坏机理复杂,易形成崩塌碎屑流。通过稳定性计算并综合考虑现场调查结果,认为带内危岩体在天然工况下整体稳定性较高,但暴雨工况和地震工况下稳定性骤降,尤其是危岩分布集中的甑子岩、和尚帽以及二垭岩区段,具有较高的成灾可能性,亟需开展监测预警工作。
Zengziyan ~ Eryayan including 88 large flat bedded unstable rocks is an outsize unstable rocks belt.Based on the detailed geological survey about this belt,the development characteristic,influence factors and stability were analyzed. The correlation between the structure of unstable rocks and failure mode was found out. There are three types of failure mode,falling,toppling and slippage. Researches show that the unstable rocks belt was formed from flat-thick stratum limestone cliff affected by the geological evolution,precipitation,karst,weak layers and large areas gob. Among this belt, the tower-type rocks are representative in southwestern mountainous area with flat-thick limestone stratum. Their failure mechanism is complicated,and easy to forming collapse and debris flow. According the calculation of stability and the result of field survey,we believe the overall stability of unstable rock belt under natural conditions was relatively high. While in the rainy conditions or seismic conditions,the stability plunged. Especially zones of Zengziyan,Heshangmao and Eryayan,unstable rocks there are apt to collapse. As a result,monitoring and early warning should be carried out as soon as possible.
Zengziyan ~ Eryayan including 88 large flat bedded unstable rocks is an outsize unstable rocks belt.Based on the detailed geological survey about this belt,the development characteristic,influence factors and stability were analyzed. The correlation between the structure of unstable rocks and failure mode was found out. There are three types of failure mode,falling,toppling and slippage. Researches show that the unstable rocks belt was formed from flat-thick stratum limestone cliff affected by the geological evolution,precipitation,karst,weak layers and large areas gob. Among this belt, the tower-type rocks are representative in southwestern mountainous area with flat-thick limestone stratum. Their failure mechanism is complicated,and easy to forming collapse and debris flow. According the calculation of stability and the result of field survey,we believe the overall stability of unstable rock belt under natural conditions was relatively high. While in the rainy conditions or seismic conditions,the stability plunged. Especially zones of Zengziyan,Heshangmao and Eryayan,unstable rocks there are apt to collapse. As a result,monitoring and early warning should be carried out as soon as possible.
引文
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[2]L K A.DORREN.A review of rockfall mechanics and modelling approaches[J].Progress in Physical Geography,2003,27(1):69-87.
[3]任幼蓉,陈鹏,张军,等.重庆南川市甑子岩W12#危岩崩塌预警分析[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2005,16(2):28-31+37.REN Yourong,CHEN Peng,ZHANG Jun,et al.Early-warning analysis on the rockfall for Zenziyan W12#dangerous rock mass in Nanchuan city ofChongqing[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2005,16(2):28-31+37.
[4]陈智强,李渝生.重庆市南川甑子岩危岩形成演化机制分析及防治措施探讨[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2004,15(1):81-84.CHEN Zhiqiang,LI Yusheng.Analysis on formation and development mechanism and discussion on prevention measures for Zenziyan dangerous rock mass in Chongqing[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2004,15(1):81-84.
[5]Yin Y P,Sun P,Zhu J,et al.Research on catastrophic rock avalanche at Guanling,Guizhou,China[J].Landslides,2011,8(4):517-525.
[6]O Hungr S G.Evans S L.NICHOL.Large-scale brittle and ductile toppling of rock slopes[J].Can.Geotech.J.,2002,39(4):773-788.
[7]胡厚田.崩塌落石研究[J].铁道工程学报,2005,22(S):387-391.HU Houtian.Research on the collapse and falling stone[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2005,22(S):387-391.
[8]重庆市地质矿产勘查开发局107地质队.重庆市南川区金佛山甑子岩~观音洞危岩带调查评价报告[R].重庆:2011.107 geological team Bureau of Geology and Mineral exploration and Development of Chongqing.Investigation and evaluation report of Zengziyan~Eryayan unstable rocks belt in Jinfo mountain Nanchuan county Chongqing[R].Chongqing:2011.
[9]陈洪凯,唐红梅,王林峰,等.危岩崩塌演化理论及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.CHEN Hongkai,TANG Hongmei,WANG Lingfeng,et al.Evolutionary theory and application of dangerous rock collapse[M].Beijing:Sciences Press,2009.
[10]唐红梅,陈洪凯.危岩裂隙水压力修正计算方法[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2009,20(4):86-90.TANG Hongmei,CHEN Hongkai.Revised method of water pressure in control fissure of perilous rockmass[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2009,20(4):86-90.
[11]DB50/143-2003地质灾害防治工程勘察规范[S].2003.DB50/143-2003 Code for investigation of prevented and cured engineering of geological hazard[S].2003.
[12]冯振,殷跃平,李滨,等.重庆武隆鸡尾山滑坡视向滑动机制分析[J].岩土力学,2012(9):2704-2712.FENG Zhen,YIN Yueping,LI Bin,et al.Mechanism analysis of apparent dip landslide of Jiweishan in Wulong,Chongqing[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012(9):2704-2712.
[13]殷跃平,吴树仁,等.滑坡监测预警与应急防治技术研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.YIN Yueping,WU Shuren,et.al.Research of the monitoring and early warning and the technology of emergency treatment for landslides[M].Beijing:Sciences Press,2012.
[14]刘传正.区域滑坡泥石流灾害预警理论与方法研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2004,31(3):1-6.LIU Huanzheng.Study on the early warning methods of landslide-debris flows[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2004,31(3):1-6.
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