滨里海盆地南缘盐构造相关油气成藏特征及其物理模拟
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摘要
基于地震剖面的解释和油气成藏模拟实验,探讨了滨里海盆地南缘盐相关构造和油气藏的特点。滨里海盆地南缘盐构造以高幅度的盐底辟和盐墙为主,并以盐焊接、盐滚或层状盐层相连,分别与盐上和盐下构造层相对应,发育2种油气成藏模式,即盐焊接构造相关油气成藏模式和盐下非均质性储层油气成藏模式。二维油气成藏物理模拟实验表明,盐焊接构造是盐上层系油气成藏的关键,而断层的发育和层间非均质性控制了盐下层系中油气的分布。模拟实验结果深化了对盐相关构造中石油聚集成藏的理论认识,对含盐盆地的油气勘探也有一定指导作用。
Based on the interpretation of seismic profiles and hydrocarbon accumulation simulation,the characteristics of salt-related structures and reservoirs in the southern margin of Precaspian Basin are analyzed. Salt diapirs and salt walls are the main structure types in the study area,with welds,rolls or bedded layers of salt playing a connecting role between them. There are two hydrocarbon accumulation mode types,one associated with salt welds in the postsalt formations and the one with heterogeneous reservoirs in the presalt formations,divided by the salt layer. The 2D experimental modeling of oil migration and accumulation indicates that salt welding is the key of oil accumulation in the postsalt formations,while faults and interlayer heterogeneity control the distribution of oil in the presalt formations. The result is significant for understanding the oil migration and accumulation in salt-related structures and guiding oil exploration and development of salt-bearing basins.
Based on the interpretation of seismic profiles and hydrocarbon accumulation simulation,the characteristics of salt-related structures and reservoirs in the southern margin of Precaspian Basin are analyzed. Salt diapirs and salt walls are the main structure types in the study area,with welds,rolls or bedded layers of salt playing a connecting role between them. There are two hydrocarbon accumulation mode types,one associated with salt welds in the postsalt formations and the one with heterogeneous reservoirs in the presalt formations,divided by the salt layer. The 2D experimental modeling of oil migration and accumulation indicates that salt welding is the key of oil accumulation in the postsalt formations,while faults and interlayer heterogeneity control the distribution of oil in the presalt formations. The result is significant for understanding the oil migration and accumulation in salt-related structures and guiding oil exploration and development of salt-bearing basins.
引文
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[13]刘洛夫,朱毅秀,张占峰,等.滨里海盆地盐上层的油气地质特征[J].新疆石油地质,2002,23(5):442-447.Liu Luofu,Zhu Yixiu,Zhang Zhanfeng,et al.Hydrocarbon geologic characteristics of up-salt zone in Caspian Seashore basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2002,23(5):442-447.
[14]汤良杰,余一欣,陈书平,等.含油气盆地盐构造研究进展[J].地学前缘,2005,12(4):375-383.Tang Liangjie,Yu Yixin,Chen Shuping,et al.Major developments of research on salt tectonics in oil-gas-bearing basins[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2005,12(4):375-383.
[15]C&C Reservoirs.Tengiz field,north Caspian Basin,Kazakhstan[R].Reservoir Evaluation Report,2003.
[16]赵贤正,金凤鸣,崔周旗,等.冀中坳陷隐蔽型潜山油藏类型与成藏模拟[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(2):137-143.Zhao Xianzheng,Jin Fengming,Cui Zhouqi,et al.Types of subtle buried-hill oil reservoirs and their accumulation simulation in Jizhong Depression,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(2):137-143.
[17]曾溅辉,王洪玉.层间非均质砂层石油运移和聚集模拟实验研究[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2000,24(4):108-111.Zeng Jianhui,Wang Hongyu.Experimental study on oil migration and accumulation in the heterogeneous sand beds of different porosity and permeability[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China:Edition of Natural Science,2000,24(4):108-111.
[18]Anissimov L,Postnova E,Merkulov O.Tengiz oilfield:geological model based on hydrodynamic data[J].Petroleum Geoscience,2000,6(1):59-65.
[2]徐可强.滨里海盆地东缘中区块油气成藏特征和勘探实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011.Xu Keqiang.Characteristics of hydrocarbon accumulation and exploration practice in the middle block of eastern edge of Precaspian Basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2011.
[3]Brunet M F,Volozh Y A,Antipov M P,et al.The geodynamic evolution of the Precaspian Basin(Kazakhstan)along a northsouth section[J].Tectonophysics,1999,313(1/2):85-106.
[4]Volozh Y A,Antipov M P,Brunet M F,et al.Pre-Mesozoic geodynamics of the Precaspian Basin(Kazakhstan)[J].Sedimentary Geology,2003,156(1/4):35-58.
[5]Okere D,Toothill S.New insights into hydrocarbon plays in the Caspian Sea,Kazakhstan[J].Petroleum Geoscience,2012,18(3):253-268.
[6]梁爽,王燕锟,金树堂,等.滨里海盆地构造演化对油气的控制作用[J].石油实验地质,2013,35(2):174-178,194.Liang Shuang,Wang Yankun,Jin Shutang,et al.Controlling of tectonic evolution on hydrocarbon occurrence in Pre Caspian Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2013,35(2):174-178,194.
[7]余一欣,郑俊章,汤良杰,等.滨里海盆地东缘中段盐构造变形特征[J].世界地质,2011,30(3):368-374.Yu Yixin,Zheng Junzhang,Tang Liangjie,et al.Deformation characteristics of salt structures in the middle segment of eastern edge of Precaspian Basin[J].Global Geology,2011,30(3):368-374.
[8]朱毅秀,杨程宇,单俊峰,等.阿斯特拉罕穹隆油气地质特征及勘探潜力分析[J].特种油气藏,2014,21(4):26-30.Zhu Yixiu,Yang Chengyu,Shan Junfeng,et al.Oil/gas geologic features and exploration Potential in Asterahan Dome[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2014,21(4):26-30.
[9]朱伟,顾韶秋,曹子剑,等.基于模糊数学的滨里海盆地东南油气储层评价[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(3):357-362.Zhu Wei,Gu Shaoqiu,Cao Zijian,et al.Fuzzy mathematics-based reservoir evaluation in the southeastern Pre-Caspian Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2013,34(3):357-362.
[10]刘洛夫,朱毅秀,胡爱梅,等.滨里海盆地盐下层系的油气地质特征[J].西南石油学院学报,2002,24(3):11-15.Liu Luofu,Zhu Yixiu,Hu Aimei,et al.Petroleum geology of presalt sediments in the Pre-Caspian Basin[J].Journal of southwest Petroleum Institute,2002,24(3):11-15.
[11]Volozh Y,Talbot C,Ismail-Zadeh A.Salt structures and hydrocarbons in the Precaspian basin[J].AAPG Bulletin,2003,87(2):313-334.
[12]Gürgey K.An attempt to recognise oil populations and potential source rock types in Paleozoic sub-and Mesozoic-Cenozoic supra-salt strata in the southern margin of the Pre-Caspian Basin,Kazakhstan Republic[J].Organic Geochemistry,2002,33(7):723-741.
[13]刘洛夫,朱毅秀,张占峰,等.滨里海盆地盐上层的油气地质特征[J].新疆石油地质,2002,23(5):442-447.Liu Luofu,Zhu Yixiu,Zhang Zhanfeng,et al.Hydrocarbon geologic characteristics of up-salt zone in Caspian Seashore basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2002,23(5):442-447.
[14]汤良杰,余一欣,陈书平,等.含油气盆地盐构造研究进展[J].地学前缘,2005,12(4):375-383.Tang Liangjie,Yu Yixin,Chen Shuping,et al.Major developments of research on salt tectonics in oil-gas-bearing basins[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2005,12(4):375-383.
[15]C&C Reservoirs.Tengiz field,north Caspian Basin,Kazakhstan[R].Reservoir Evaluation Report,2003.
[16]赵贤正,金凤鸣,崔周旗,等.冀中坳陷隐蔽型潜山油藏类型与成藏模拟[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(2):137-143.Zhao Xianzheng,Jin Fengming,Cui Zhouqi,et al.Types of subtle buried-hill oil reservoirs and their accumulation simulation in Jizhong Depression,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(2):137-143.
[17]曾溅辉,王洪玉.层间非均质砂层石油运移和聚集模拟实验研究[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2000,24(4):108-111.Zeng Jianhui,Wang Hongyu.Experimental study on oil migration and accumulation in the heterogeneous sand beds of different porosity and permeability[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China:Edition of Natural Science,2000,24(4):108-111.
[18]Anissimov L,Postnova E,Merkulov O.Tengiz oilfield:geological model based on hydrodynamic data[J].Petroleum Geoscience,2000,6(1):59-65.
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