探地雷达在探测玉树走滑断裂带活动性中的初步应用
详细信息 本馆镜像全文    |  推荐本文 | | 获取馆网全文
摘要
探地雷达具有快速、检测范围广、探测深度深、分辨率高及对地表环境无破坏等特点,在活动断层探测应用中具有很大的优势。在简要介绍玉树走滑断裂带活动性的基础上,选择高分辨率的探地雷达对隆宝、昔日达和盘琼沟处断裂带附近的活动断层进行探测。采用时间域有限差分法建立活动断层的数值模型对其雷达波响应特征进行模拟,分析断层在探地雷达剖面上的反射波特征。根据断层的反射波特征解译探地雷达图像,判断断层的位置、走向及空间展布。结合探槽开挖对比,探地雷达图像的解译结果与探槽开挖后的断裂带剖面展示的断层活动性质基本一致。根据隆宝、昔日达和盘琼沟处的探地雷达图像与探槽剖面上断层反射波特征的对比研究,解译了玉树地震震中位置探地雷达剖面上的断层展布。研究表明,探地雷达是一种快速探测活动断层的有效方法,尤其是在地表破裂不明显的区域,不仅可以准确地判断断层的位置、走向及空间展布,还可以将断裂带附近地下岩层的层位信息及探槽断面之外的地表下图像清晰地呈现出来,为以后运用探地雷达探测活动断层提供参考。
GPR(Ground Penetrating Radar) has such characteristics as rapidness,wide range,great detection depth and high resolution,with no damage to the surface environment,so it seems to be quite effective in the study of active faults. Based on depicting ac-tive faults along Yushu strike-slip faulted zone,the authors employed high-resolution GPR to delineate active faults in Yushu faulted zone distributed in Longbao,Xirida and Panqionggou. The characteristic responses of electromagnetic waves were simulated on the basis of the numerical model by Finite-difference time-domain method(FDTD),and then the reflected characteristics of active faults on the GPR profiles was summarized. In this way,the GPR images are interpreted and the location,the orientation and the spatial distribution of the active fault can be accurately determined. Combined with exploratory trench cutting,GPR profile is extremely consistent with the trench section. Finally,according to the comparative study of the characteristic responses of electromagnetic waves between the GPR profiles and the trench sections,the GPR images of the earthquake epicenter are interpreted. Preliminary studies show that GPR seem to be an effective and fast technique in detecting active faults,especially in the area without clear evidence of surface rupture. It not only accurately determines the location,the orientation and the spatial distribution of the active fault but also describes the layer in the subsurface and the section outside the trench,thus providing a reference for the detection of active faults by GPR.
引文
[1]白冰,周健.探地雷达测试技术发展概况及其应用现状[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(4):527-531.
    [2]曾昭发,刘四新,冯晅,等.探地雷达原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2010:13-20.
    [3]Harry M J.Ground Penetrating Radar:Theory and Applications[M].Elsevier,2011:3-10.
    [4]Javed N M,Ashutosh K,Sravanthi S.Ground Penetrating Radar in Investigation along Pinjore Garden Fault:Implication toward identification of shallow subsurface deformation along active fault,NW Himalaya[J].Research Communications,2007,93(10):1422-1427.
    [5]Cristina P,Costanzo F,Alessandro F,et al.Ground Penetrating radar investigations to study active faults in the Norcia Basin(central Italy)[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2010,72:39-45.
    [6]Salvi S,Cinti F R,Coini L,et al.Investigation of the active CelanoL‘Aquila fault system,Abruzzi(central Apennines,Italy)with combined ground-penetrating radar and palaeoseismictrenching[J].Geophys.J.Int.,2003,155:805-818.
    [7]Kevin B A,Janmes A S,John A H.Application of geomorphic analysis and ground-penetrating radar to characterization of paleoseismic sites in dynamic alluvial environment:an example from southern califormia[J].Tectonophysics,2003,368:25-32.
    [8]Lee M L,Mark A H,Ian P M.The Portland Hills Fault:uncovering a hidden fault in Portland,Oregon using high-resolution geophysical methods[J].Tectonophysics,2003,368:89-103.
    [9]Mohaned R,Daisaku K,Hiroo N,et al.Ground penetrating radar investigations across the Uemachi fault,Osaka,Japan[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2003,53:63-75.
    [10]Lee S,Tina M N.Ground-penetrating radar investigation of active faults along the Dead Sea Transform and implication for seismic hazards within the city of Aqaba,Jordan[J].Tectonophysics,2003,368:33-50.
    [11]Jean C A,Maksim B,John B,et al.GPR investigations on active faults in urban areas:the Georisc-NZ project in Wellington,New Zealand[J].Earth and Planetary Sciences,2001,333:447-454.
    [12]Jorge A,Avila O,Victor H G.A GPR study of subsidence-creepfault processes in Morelia,Michoacán,Mexico[J].Engineering Geology,2008,100:69-81.
    [13]薛建,黄航,张良怀.探地雷达方法探测与评价长春市活动断层[J].物探与化探,2009,33(1):63-65.
    [14]Alastair F M,Alan G G,Anna K,et al.Shallow fault segmentation of the Alpine fault zone,New Zealand revealed from 2-D and 3-D GPR surveying[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2010,70:343-354.
    [15]Maurizio E,Cristina P,Alessandro F,et al."Geophysical paleosesmology"through high resolution GPR data:A case of shallow faulting imaging in Central Italy[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2013,90:27-40.
    [16]Mark D Y,David C N.Recent vertical offset and near-surface structure of the Alpine Fault in Westland,New Zealand,from ground penetrating radar profiling[J].New Zealand Journal of Geology&Geophysics,1998,41:485-492.
    [17]薛建,贾建秀,黄航,等.应用探地雷达探测活动断层[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2008,38(2):347-350.
    [18]崔国柱,李恩泽,曾昭发.活动断层与地球物理方法[J].世界地质,2003,22(2):185-190.
    [19]闻学泽,徐锡伟,郑荣章,等.甘孜—玉树断裂的平均滑动速率与近代大地震破裂[J].中国科学(D辑),2003,33(4)(增刊):200-207.
    [20]孙鑫喆,徐锡,陈立春,等.2010年玉树地震地表破裂带典型破裂样式及其构造意义[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(1):155-170.
    [21]徐锡伟,闻学泽,郑荣章,等.川滇地区活动块体最新构造变动样式及其动力来源[J].中国科学(D辑),2003,33(增刊):151-162.
    [22]张培震,邓起东,张国民,等.中国大陆的强震活动与活动地块[J].中国科学(D辑),2003,33(增刊):12-20.
    [23]任俊杰,谢富仁,刘冬英,等.2010年玉树地震的构造环境、历史地震活动及其复发周期估计[J].震灾防御技术,2010,5(2):228-233.
    [24]程丰,李德威,Jerry B,等.玉树地震地表破裂特征及其破裂方式[J].大地构造与成矿学,2012,36(1):69-75.
    [25]陈正位,杨攀新,李智敏,等.玉树7.1级地震断裂特征与地震地表破裂带[J].第四纪研究,2010,30(3):628-631.
    [26]闻学泽,黄圣睦,江在雄,等.甘孜—玉树断裂带的新构造特征与地震危险性估计[J].地震地质,1985,7(3):23-32.
    [27]周荣军,闻学泽,蔡长星,等.甘孜—玉树断裂带的近代地震与未来地震趋势估计[J].地震地质,1997,19(2):115-124.
    [28]李闽峰,邢成起,蔡长星,等.玉树断裂活动性研究[J].地震地质,1995,17(3):218-224.
    [29]周荣军,马声浩,蔡长星.甘孜—玉树断裂带的晚第四纪活动特征[J].中国地震,1996,12(4):250-260.
    [30]孙伟.地下管线探测数据处理及可视化技术研究[D].解放军信息工程大学博士学位论文,2012.
    [31]卢成明,秦臻,朱海龙,等.探地雷达检测公路结构层隐含裂缝实用方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(5):1558-1568.
    [32]郭士礼,朱培民,施兴华,等.裂缝宽度对探地雷达波场影响的对比分析[J].电波科学学报,2013,28(1):130-136.
    [33]Mercedes S,Henrique L,Alexandre N,et al.Evaluation of ancient structures by GPR(ground penetrating radar):The arch bridges of Galicia(Spain)[J].Scientific Research and Essays,2011,6(8):1879.
    [34]Urbini S,Baskaradas J A."GPR as an effective tool for safety andglacier characterization:experiences and future development,"Proc of the XIII Int.Conf.on Ground Penetrating Radar,Lecce,Italy,2010:489-494.
    [35]Vitalii P,Volodymyr I,Sergiy K,et al.Topographic correction of GPR profile based on odometer and inclinometer data[C]//14th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar,Shanghai.China,2012.
    [36]Davis P,Curt P.Rapid acquisition of ground penetrating radarenabled by LIDAR[J].Digital Mapping Techniques,2006:183-185.

版权所有:© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心