基于谱模拟的质心法品质因子估算
详细信息 本馆镜像全文    |  推荐本文 | | 获取馆网全文
摘要
品质因子Q是表征地层吸收衰减特性的重要参量,可用于储层预测和油气检测。质心频移法(Centroid Frequency Shift,CFS)是稳定性较高的Q值估算方法,但理论精度较依赖于高斯谱假设,存在一定的不足。为了给出更精确的理论公式,提出了基于谱模拟的质心频移估算方法,具体步骤如下:1利用N次加权指数解析式对初始地震子波谱进行拟合,得到子波参数;2估算不同时刻地震子波谱的质心频率(主频);3根据质心频率与谱拟合参数之间的解析关系,反演待定参量,并估算地层Q值。模型测试结果表明,对于光滑子波谱,基于谱模拟的质心法能较好地突破常规方法的理论假设局限,提高估算精度。实际资料应用结果表明,该方法估算的Q值符合地层趋势,具有较好的可信度。
Quality factor is an important parameter of hydrocarbon detection and reservoir characterization,which represents the seismic wave attenuation in the formation.Centroid frequency shift(CFS)is a more stable method to estimate Q,but there is a shortage in theoretical precision,which over depends on the assumption of Gauss spectrum.A new method is proposed to give more precise theoretical equation in this paper.Firstly,multi-parameters analytic expression that is used to fit initial seismic wave spectrum and wavelet parameters are obtained.Secondly,centroid frequencies of seismic wavelet spectrum at different time are estimated.Finally,based on analytic relationship between centroid frequency and spectrum fitting parameters,Qis estimated by solving some parameters.Model test shows that CFS of spectrum fitting could overcome the disadvantages of theoretical assumption for the smooth spectrums and enhance the accuracy of estimation.The field seismic data test shows that the reliability of new method is higher and the Qestimates accords with stratum trend.
引文
[1]马昭军,刘洋.地震波衰减反演研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1074-1082Ma Z J,Liu Y.A summary of research on seismic attenuation[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2005,20(4):1074-1082
    [2]曹思远,谭佳,高明,等.对数谱根式法Q值反演[J].石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(1):161-166Cao S Y,Tan J,Gao M,et al.Seismic Q estimation with logarithmic spectrum equation root[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2014,49(1):161-166
    [3]武银婷,朱光明,刘伊克,等.零偏VSP反演Q值CFS方法及影响因素研究[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(6):1897-1904Wu Y T,Zhu G M,Liu Y K,et al.Study on CFS method in Q inversion using zero-offset VSP data[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2010,25(6):1897-1904
    [4]张大伟,王学军,邹雯,等.利用零井源距VSP资料进行品质因子反演[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(增刊):47-52Zhang D W,Wang X J,Zou W,et al.Q-factor inversion and calculation using zero-offset VSP data[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2011,46(S1):47-52
    [5]Quan Y L,Harris J M.Seismic attenuation tomography using the frequency shift method[J].Geophysics,1997,62(3):895-905
    [6]Tu N,Lu W K.An improved peak-frequency-shift method for Q estimation[C]∥CPS/SEG International Geophysical Conference&Exposition.Beijing:Chinese Geophysical Society,2009:1218
    [7]高静怀,杨森林,王大兴.利用VSP资料直达波的包络峰值处瞬时频率提取介质品质因子[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(3):853-861Gao J H,Yang S L,Wang D X.Quality factor extraction using instantaneous frequency at envelope peak of direct waves of VSP data[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,51(3):853-861
    [8]Hu W Y,Liu J,Bear L,et al.A robust and accurate seismic attenuation tomography algorithm[J].Expanded Abstracts of 81st Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2011,2727-2731
    [9]赵宁,曹思远,王宗俊,等.频域统计性属性组合提取品质因子Q[J].石油地球物理勘探,2013,48(4):545-552Zhao N,Cao S Y,Wang Z J,et al.Seismic Q estimation by combinations of frequency statistics attributes[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2013,48(4):545-552
    [10]曹思远,赵宁,袁殿,等.地震波品质因子研究新方法[C]∥中国地球物理年会论文集.合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2012:454Cao S Y,Zhao N,Yuan D,et al.A new method to estimate quality factors Q[C]∥The Chinese Geophysics.Hefei:Press of University of Science and Technology of China,2012:454
    [11]Ricker N H.Transient waves in visco-elastic media[M].New York:Elsevier Science Publication Limited Company,1977:123-136
    [12]Rosa A L R,Ulrych T J.Processing via spectral modeling[J].Geophysics,1991,56(8):1244-1251
    [13]王慧茹.谱模拟频谱比法反演品质因子稳定性分析[J].物探与化探,2009,33(1):85-87Wang H R.The stability of applying the spectral analog frequency spectrum ratio method to the inversion of quality factor[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2009,33(1):85-87
    [14]辛可锋,李振春,王永刚,等.地层等效吸收系数反演[J].石油物探,2001,40(4):14-20Xin K F,Li Z C,Wang Y G,et al.Formation equivalent absorption coefficient inversion[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2001,40(4):14-20
    [15]陈文爽,管路平,李振春,等.基于广义S变换的叠前Q值反演方法研究[J].石油物探,2014,53(6):706-712Chen W S,Guan L P,Li Z C,et al.Prestack Q-inversion based on generalized S transform[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2014,53(6):706-712
    [16]蔡文涛,胡光义,范廷恩,等.谱模拟法提取地层品质因子[J].地球物理学进展,2014,29(2):642-649Cai W T,Hu G Y,Fan T E,et al.Quality factor extraction by spectral simulation method[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2014,29(2):642-649
    [17]张海燕,李庆忠.几种常用解析子波的特性分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(6):651-657Zhang H Y,Li Q Z.Analysis on feature of common analytic wavelets[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2007,42(6):651-657
    [18]刘兰锋,曹思远,王鲁.四参数宽带B样条子波[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(2):247-251Liu L F,Cao S Y,Wang L.Wide-band B-spline wavelet with four parameters[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2011,46(2):247-251

版权所有:© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心