地面微地震水平层状模型波形反演
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摘要
针对水平层状速度模型,本文研究了微地震P、SV波模拟的矩阵递推算法。为使算法稳定和计算结果准确可靠,讨论了防止算法失稳的具体措施和初始位移的近似计算方法。在正演算法基础上,引用单纯形的空间拓扑理念,设计了波形反演方法。在选取初始单纯形后,在迭代中不断以新的单纯形替换老的,使单纯形不断地自动缩小,直至搜索到极小点。通过反射、延伸、收缩和减小棱长4种操作方法,实现单纯形方法的最终寻优。理论模型和实际资料试验结果表明,波形反演结果的定位精度高于射线追踪走时时差反演。
Using the matrix method,we set up and form a recursive algorithm for P-and SV-waves simulation.We also discuss and give the specific measures to ensure the algorithm stable and accurate for horizontal layer velocity model.On the basis forward algorithm,quoting the topology ideal of simplex,we design the waveform inversion method.The initial simplex is replaced by new ones in the iteration calculation,and getting smaller until it becomes minimized.We optimize the simplex by the four steps such as:reflection,stretching,shrinking and decreasing the length.Applications in theoretical model and real data show that the accuracy of waveform inversion by this approach is better than that of the ray tracing inversion method.
Using the matrix method,we set up and form a recursive algorithm for P-and SV-waves simulation.We also discuss and give the specific measures to ensure the algorithm stable and accurate for horizontal layer velocity model.On the basis forward algorithm,quoting the topology ideal of simplex,we design the waveform inversion method.The initial simplex is replaced by new ones in the iteration calculation,and getting smaller until it becomes minimized.We optimize the simplex by the four steps such as:reflection,stretching,shrinking and decreasing the length.Applications in theoretical model and real data show that the accuracy of waveform inversion by this approach is better than that of the ray tracing inversion method.
引文
[1]Andy Jupe,John Cowles and Rob Jones et al.Micro-seismic monitoring.World Oil,2000,(12):171～173
[2]Alford R M,Kelly K R,Boore D M.Accuracy of fi-nite difference modeling of the acoustic wave equa-tion.Geophysics,1974,39(6):834～842
[3]Dyer B C,Jones R H and Cowles J F.Microseismicsurvey of a North Sea reservoir.World Oil,1999,(5):74～78
[4]Pei Donghong,Quirein J A,Cornish B E et al.Veloc-ity calibration for microseismic monitoring:A veryfast simulated annealing(VFSA)approach for joint-objective optimization.Geophysics,2009,74(1):47～55
[5]Engqusit B,Majda A.Absorbing boundary conditionsfor the numerical simulation of waves.Math Compa-ny Van,1977
[6]Raab F,Coyne D.Effect of Micro-seismic Noise ona Ligo Interferometer[D].California Institute ofTechnology,1997
[7]万永革,李鸿吉.遗传算法在确定震源位置中的应用.地震地磁观测与研究,2005,16(6):1～7
[8]Levander A R.Fourth 2order finite 2difference P-SV seismograms.Geophysics,1988,53(11):1425～1436
[9]Li Zhiming.Compensating finite-differences errors in3-D migration and modeling.Geophysics,1991,56(11):1650～1660
[10]Wolhart S L,Odegard C E et al.Microseismic frac-ture mapping optimizes development of low-permea-bility sands of the Williams Fork Formation in thePiceance Basin.SPE Annual Technical Conferenceand Exhibition,2006,10:9～12
[11]Phillip W S,House L S.Micro-seismic mapping of acotton valley hydraulic fracture using decimateddownhole arrays.International Exposition and SixtyEighth Annual Meeting,1998,9:13～18
[12]宋维琪,陈泽东,毛中华.水力压裂裂缝微地震检测技术.山东东营:中国石油大学出版社,2008,157～161
[13]徐果明.反演理论及其应用.北京:地震出版社,2003,136～148
[14]杨文采,李幼铭等.应用层析成像.北京:地质出版社,1993
[15]Paul L Stoffa and Mrinal K Sen.Nonlinear multipa-rameter optimization using genetic algorithms:Inver-sion of plane-wave seismograms.Geophysics,1991,56(11):1794～1810
[16]Willis R B,Fontaine J,Paugh L et al.A review offactors affecting the effectiveness of hydraulic fractu-ring.SPE Eastern Regional Meeting,2005,14～16
[17]Raghu K Chunduru,Mrinal K Sen,and Paul L Stoffa.Hybrid optimization methods for geophysical inver-sion.Geophysics,1997,62(4):1196～1207
[18]Bohuslav Ruzek.Differential evolution algorithm inthe earthquake hypocenter location.Pure Appl Geo-phys,2001,158:677～693
[2]Alford R M,Kelly K R,Boore D M.Accuracy of fi-nite difference modeling of the acoustic wave equa-tion.Geophysics,1974,39(6):834～842
[3]Dyer B C,Jones R H and Cowles J F.Microseismicsurvey of a North Sea reservoir.World Oil,1999,(5):74～78
[4]Pei Donghong,Quirein J A,Cornish B E et al.Veloc-ity calibration for microseismic monitoring:A veryfast simulated annealing(VFSA)approach for joint-objective optimization.Geophysics,2009,74(1):47～55
[5]Engqusit B,Majda A.Absorbing boundary conditionsfor the numerical simulation of waves.Math Compa-ny Van,1977
[6]Raab F,Coyne D.Effect of Micro-seismic Noise ona Ligo Interferometer[D].California Institute ofTechnology,1997
[7]万永革,李鸿吉.遗传算法在确定震源位置中的应用.地震地磁观测与研究,2005,16(6):1～7
[8]Levander A R.Fourth 2order finite 2difference P-SV seismograms.Geophysics,1988,53(11):1425～1436
[9]Li Zhiming.Compensating finite-differences errors in3-D migration and modeling.Geophysics,1991,56(11):1650～1660
[10]Wolhart S L,Odegard C E et al.Microseismic frac-ture mapping optimizes development of low-permea-bility sands of the Williams Fork Formation in thePiceance Basin.SPE Annual Technical Conferenceand Exhibition,2006,10:9～12
[11]Phillip W S,House L S.Micro-seismic mapping of acotton valley hydraulic fracture using decimateddownhole arrays.International Exposition and SixtyEighth Annual Meeting,1998,9:13～18
[12]宋维琪,陈泽东,毛中华.水力压裂裂缝微地震检测技术.山东东营:中国石油大学出版社,2008,157～161
[13]徐果明.反演理论及其应用.北京:地震出版社,2003,136～148
[14]杨文采,李幼铭等.应用层析成像.北京:地质出版社,1993
[15]Paul L Stoffa and Mrinal K Sen.Nonlinear multipa-rameter optimization using genetic algorithms:Inver-sion of plane-wave seismograms.Geophysics,1991,56(11):1794～1810
[16]Willis R B,Fontaine J,Paugh L et al.A review offactors affecting the effectiveness of hydraulic fractu-ring.SPE Eastern Regional Meeting,2005,14～16
[17]Raghu K Chunduru,Mrinal K Sen,and Paul L Stoffa.Hybrid optimization methods for geophysical inver-sion.Geophysics,1997,62(4):1196～1207
[18]Bohuslav Ruzek.Differential evolution algorithm inthe earthquake hypocenter location.Pure Appl Geo-phys,2001,158:677～693
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