汶川地震前电离层VTEC的异常响应
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摘要
2008年5月12日我国四川省汶川县发生了8.0级大地震,基于中国地壳运动观测网络(CMONOC)的GPS观测数据,解算得到了震中上空附近的电离层VTEC;以VTEC的滑动均值为背景参考值,以2倍均方差作为误差限值,对临震一个月的VTEC资料进行了处理分析.结果显示,在震前多次出现VTEC的异常扰动,其中4月29日、5月6—7日为异常减少,5月9日为异常增加,而且电离层VTEC的异常驼峰有向磁赤道漂移的趋势.由于距离发震时刻较近,排除其它因素后可能源于此次地震引起的电离层效应.
An earthquake of MS8.0 struck Wenchuan county of Sichuan province on 12 May 2008. In this paper, on the basis of the GPS observation data obtained from the reference stations of Crustal Movement Observational Network of China, the continuous 30-day VTEC (vertical total electron content) value over the epicenter is computed and then the abnormal signals are identified with 2-multiple standard deviation of 10-day VTEC value as limit range. The result shows that there are the ionospheric anomalies prior to the earthquake onset: the apparent anomalous reduction of VTEC occurred on 29 April and during 6th-7th of May, while the VTEC value abnormally increased on 9 May. It has also been shown that the anomalous crest of the VTEC moved towards equator. Due to the time is close to the moment of the Wenchuan earthquake occurrence, we may conclude that the ionospheric anomalies do exist and are possibly related to the earthquake, excluding other possible factors.
An earthquake of MS8.0 struck Wenchuan county of Sichuan province on 12 May 2008. In this paper, on the basis of the GPS observation data obtained from the reference stations of Crustal Movement Observational Network of China, the continuous 30-day VTEC (vertical total electron content) value over the epicenter is computed and then the abnormal signals are identified with 2-multiple standard deviation of 10-day VTEC value as limit range. The result shows that there are the ionospheric anomalies prior to the earthquake onset: the apparent anomalous reduction of VTEC occurred on 29 April and during 6th-7th of May, while the VTEC value abnormally increased on 9 May. It has also been shown that the anomalous crest of the VTEC moved towards equator. Due to the time is close to the moment of the Wenchuan earthquake occurrence, we may conclude that the ionospheric anomalies do exist and are possibly related to the earthquake, excluding other possible factors.
引文
丁鉴海,索玉成,余素荣.2005.地磁场与电离层异常现象及其与地震的关系[J].空间科学学报,25(6):536-542.
杜品仁,蒋和荣,郭兼善.1998.电离层异常能否作为地震前兆的研究[J].地震,18(2):119-126.
林剑,吴云,祝芙英,乔学军,周义炎.2009.基于GPS探测汶川地震电离层TEC的异常[J].地球物理学报,52(1):297-300.
吴云,乔学军,周义炎.2005.利用地基GPS探测震前电离层TEC异常[J].大地测量与地球动力学,25(2):36-40.
熊晶,吴云,祝芙英,林剑,周义炎,杨剑.2008.汶川地震前电离层NmF2异常扰动[J].大地测量与地球动力学,28(6):22-26.
杨剑,吴云,周义炎.2008.利用GPS无线电掩星数据研究震前电离层异常[J].大地测量与地球动力学,28(1):16-22.
张强.2005.地基GPS监测电离层TEC及其与地震活动关系的研究[D].武汉:中国地震局地震研究所:43-51.
赵必强,万卫星,王敏,刘立波,宁百齐.2008.震前电离层扰动研究进展及汶川地震前电离层变化[J].科技导报,26(11):30-33.
卓裕荣.2002.地震电离层前兆[D].台湾:国立中央大学:34-47.
Barnes R S.1965.Observation of ionospheric disturbances following the Alaska earthquake[J].J Geophys Res,70(5):1250-1253.
Calais E,Minster J B.1995.GPS detection of ionospheric TECperturbations followingthe January17,1994,Northirdgeearthquake[J].Geophys Res Lett,22,1045-1048.
Chuo YJ,Liu J Y,Kamogawa M,Chen YI.2002.The anomalies in the f0Es prior toM≥6.0Tai wan earthquakes[C]∥Seismo Electromagnetic:Lithosphere-At mosphere-Ionosphere Coupling.TERRAPUB,309-312.
Liu J Y,Tsai HF,Jung T K.1996.Total electron content obtained by usingthe global position system[J].Terr At mosOceanic Sci,7:107-117.
Liu J Y,Chen YI,Pulinets S A,Tsai Y B,Chuo Y J.2000.Seismo-ionospheric signature prior toM≥6:0Tai wanearthquakes[J].Geophys Res Lett,27(19):3113-3116.
Liu J Y,Chen YI,Chuo YJ,Tsai HF.2001.Variations of ionoshperic total electron content duringthe Chi-Chi earth-quake[J].Geophys Res Lett,28(7):1383-1386.
Liu J Y,Chuo YJ,Shan S J.2004.Pre-earthquake ionospheric anomalies registered by continuous GPS TEC measure-ments[J].Ann Geophys,22:1585-1593.
Pulinets S A.1998a.Strong earthquakes prediction possibility with the help of topside sounding fromsatellites[J].AdvSpace Res,21(3):455-458.
Pulinets S A.1998b.Seismic activity as a source of the ionospheric variability[J].Adv Space Res,22(6):903-906.
Pulinets S A.2003.Main phenomenological features of ionospheric precursors of strong earthquakes[J].J At mos Sol-Terr Phys,65:1337-1347.
Pulinets S A,Boyarchuk K.2004.Ionospheric Precursors of Earthquakes[M].Springer,Berlin,Germany:315-316.
Silina A S,Liperovskaya E V,Liperovsky V A,Meister C V.2001.Ionospheric phenomena before strong earthquakes[J].Nat Haz Earth Syst Sci,1:113-118.
Wilson B D,Mannucci AJ,Edwards C D.1995.Subdaily northern hemisphereionospheric maps using an extensive net-work of GPS receivers[J].Radio Science,30:639.
Yuan Y B,Ou J K.2003.Preli minary results and analyses of using IGS GPS data to determine global ionospheric TEC[J].Prog Natu Sci,13(8):446(in Chinese).
Zaslavski Y,Parrot M,Blance E.1998.Analysis of VTEC measurements above active seismic regions[J].Phys EarthPlanet,105:219-228.
杜品仁,蒋和荣,郭兼善.1998.电离层异常能否作为地震前兆的研究[J].地震,18(2):119-126.
林剑,吴云,祝芙英,乔学军,周义炎.2009.基于GPS探测汶川地震电离层TEC的异常[J].地球物理学报,52(1):297-300.
吴云,乔学军,周义炎.2005.利用地基GPS探测震前电离层TEC异常[J].大地测量与地球动力学,25(2):36-40.
熊晶,吴云,祝芙英,林剑,周义炎,杨剑.2008.汶川地震前电离层NmF2异常扰动[J].大地测量与地球动力学,28(6):22-26.
杨剑,吴云,周义炎.2008.利用GPS无线电掩星数据研究震前电离层异常[J].大地测量与地球动力学,28(1):16-22.
张强.2005.地基GPS监测电离层TEC及其与地震活动关系的研究[D].武汉:中国地震局地震研究所:43-51.
赵必强,万卫星,王敏,刘立波,宁百齐.2008.震前电离层扰动研究进展及汶川地震前电离层变化[J].科技导报,26(11):30-33.
卓裕荣.2002.地震电离层前兆[D].台湾:国立中央大学:34-47.
Barnes R S.1965.Observation of ionospheric disturbances following the Alaska earthquake[J].J Geophys Res,70(5):1250-1253.
Calais E,Minster J B.1995.GPS detection of ionospheric TECperturbations followingthe January17,1994,Northirdgeearthquake[J].Geophys Res Lett,22,1045-1048.
Chuo YJ,Liu J Y,Kamogawa M,Chen YI.2002.The anomalies in the f0Es prior toM≥6.0Tai wan earthquakes[C]∥Seismo Electromagnetic:Lithosphere-At mosphere-Ionosphere Coupling.TERRAPUB,309-312.
Liu J Y,Tsai HF,Jung T K.1996.Total electron content obtained by usingthe global position system[J].Terr At mosOceanic Sci,7:107-117.
Liu J Y,Chen YI,Pulinets S A,Tsai Y B,Chuo Y J.2000.Seismo-ionospheric signature prior toM≥6:0Tai wanearthquakes[J].Geophys Res Lett,27(19):3113-3116.
Liu J Y,Chen YI,Chuo YJ,Tsai HF.2001.Variations of ionoshperic total electron content duringthe Chi-Chi earth-quake[J].Geophys Res Lett,28(7):1383-1386.
Liu J Y,Chuo YJ,Shan S J.2004.Pre-earthquake ionospheric anomalies registered by continuous GPS TEC measure-ments[J].Ann Geophys,22:1585-1593.
Pulinets S A.1998a.Strong earthquakes prediction possibility with the help of topside sounding fromsatellites[J].AdvSpace Res,21(3):455-458.
Pulinets S A.1998b.Seismic activity as a source of the ionospheric variability[J].Adv Space Res,22(6):903-906.
Pulinets S A.2003.Main phenomenological features of ionospheric precursors of strong earthquakes[J].J At mos Sol-Terr Phys,65:1337-1347.
Pulinets S A,Boyarchuk K.2004.Ionospheric Precursors of Earthquakes[M].Springer,Berlin,Germany:315-316.
Silina A S,Liperovskaya E V,Liperovsky V A,Meister C V.2001.Ionospheric phenomena before strong earthquakes[J].Nat Haz Earth Syst Sci,1:113-118.
Wilson B D,Mannucci AJ,Edwards C D.1995.Subdaily northern hemisphereionospheric maps using an extensive net-work of GPS receivers[J].Radio Science,30:639.
Yuan Y B,Ou J K.2003.Preli minary results and analyses of using IGS GPS data to determine global ionospheric TEC[J].Prog Natu Sci,13(8):446(in Chinese).
Zaslavski Y,Parrot M,Blance E.1998.Analysis of VTEC measurements above active seismic regions[J].Phys EarthPlanet,105:219-228.
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