长江中下游地区的底侵作用及动力学演化模式:来自地球物理资料的约束
摘要
总结分析了长江中下游地区已完成的深地震资料, 发现下地壳普遍存在似层状强反射, 认为下地壳的强反射为基性或超基性岩浆底侵引起的, 后者可能与岩石圈地幔拆沉有关. 在综合分析该地区区域地球物理、地质资料的基础上, 提出了长江中下游地区的地球动力学演化模式. 该模式认为长江中下游地区自二叠纪末经历了碰撞挤压、拆沉伸展、底侵熔融等重要地球动力学过程, 并最终形成了长江中下游巨型成矿带.
引文
1)华东石油局.下扬子地区HQ9反射地震剖面(未刊资料).1988
1)安徽地质矿产局.安徽省区域岩石密度、磁性参数测定(研究报告),1987
1)文中华南板块(SCB)包括扬子板块和华夏板块,新元古时扬子与华夏板块已缝合组成了完整的华南板块[47].华北板块(NCB)又称中-朝克拉通
1)曾普胜.安徽铜陵地区成矿流体的叠加改造与大型-超大型铜金矿床的关系.中国地质科学院博士后研究报告,2002
1常印佛,刘湘培,吴言昌.长江中下游铁铜成矿带.北京:地质出版社,1991.1~379
2RudnickR.Growing from below.Nature,1990,347(25):711
3DrummondB J,CollinsC D N.Seismic evidence for underplating of the lower continental crust ofAustralia.Earth andPlanetaryScienceLetters,1986,79(4):361~372
4杨文采,胡振远,程振炎,等.郯城-涟水综合地球物理剖面.地球物理学报,1999,42(2):206~217
5杨文采,汪集旸.苏鲁地区地壳岩浆底侵的地球物理判识.地质学报,2002,76(2):173~179
6吕庆田,侯增谦,赵金花,等.深地震反射剖面揭示铜陵矿集区复杂地壳结构形态.中国科学,D 辑,2003,33(5):442~449
7王强,赵振华,熊小林,等.底侵玄武质下地壳的熔融:来自安徽沙溪adakite质富钠石英闪长玢岩的证据.地球化学,2001,30(4):353~362
8王强,赵振华,许继锋,等.扬子地块东部燕山期埃达克质(adakite-like)岩与成矿.中国科学,D辑,2002,32(增刊):127~136
9许继锋,王强,徐义刚,等.宁镇地区中生代安基山中酸性侵入岩的地球化学:亏损重稀土和钇的岩浆产生的限制.岩石学报,2001,17(4):576~584
10XuJ F,ShinjoR,DefantM J, et al.Origin ofMesozoic adakitic intrusive rocks in theNingzhen area of eastChina:Partial melting of delaminated lower continental crust?Geology,2002,30(12):1111~1114
11BrownL D.A new map of crustal terranes in theUnitedStates fromCOCORP deep seismic reflection profiling.GeophysJ Int,1991,105(1):3~13
12DeemerS J,HurichC A.The reflectivity of magmaticunderplating using the layered mafic intrusion analog.Tectonophysics,1994,232:239~255
13WarnerM.Basalts, water, or shear zones in the lower continental crust?Tectonophysics,1990,173:163~174
14WarnerM.Absolute reflection coefficients from deep seismic reflection.Tectonophysics,1990,173:15~23
15张四维,张锁喜,唐荣余,等.下扬子地区符离集-奉贤地震测深资料解释.地球物理学报,1988,31(6):637~648
16LiZ X.Collision between theNorth andSouthChina blocks:A crustal-detachment model for suturing in the region east of theTanlu fault.Geology,1994,22:739~742
17陈沪生.下扬子地区HQ13线的综合地球物理调查及其地质意义.石油与天然气地质,1988,9(3):211~222
18陈沪生,张永鸿,徐师文,等.下扬子及邻区岩石圈结构构造特征与油气资源评价.北京:地质出版社,1999.1~287
19AllmendingerR W,NelsonK D,PotterC J, et al.Deep seismic reflection characteristics of the continental crust.Geology,1987,15:304~310
20DefantM J,DrummondM S.Derivation of some modern arc magmas by melting of young subducted lithosphere.Nature,1990,347:662~665
21DefantM J,DrummondM S.MountSt.Helens:Potential example of the partial melting of the subducted lithosphere in a volcanic arc.Geology,1993,21:547~550
22AthertonM P,PetfordN.Generation of sodium-rich magmas from newly underplated basaltic crust.Nature,1993,362:144~146
23PetfordN,AthertonM P.Na-rich partial melts from newly underplated basaltic crust: theCordilleraBlancaBatholith,Peru.Journal ofPetrology,1996,37:149~1521
24RappR P,WatsonE B.Dehydration melting of metabasalt at8-32kbar:Implications for continental growth and crust-mantle recycling.Journal ofPetrology,1995,36:891~931
25RappR P,ShimizuN,NormanM D, et al.Reaction between slab-derived melts and peridotite in the mantle wedge:Experimental constraints at3.8GPa.ChemicalGeology,1999,160:335~356
26BirdP.Initiation of intracontinental subduction in theHimalaya.J GeophysRes,1978,83:4975~4987
27HousemanG A,McKenzieD P,MolnarP.Convective instability of a thickened boundary layer and its relevance for the thermal evolution of continental convergent belts.J GeophysRes,1981,86:6135~6155
28NelsonK D.Are crustal thickness variations in old mountain belts like theAppalachians a consequences of lithospheric delamination?Geology,1992,20:498~502
29NelsonK D.A unified view of craton evolution motivated by recent deep seismic reflection and refraction results.GeophysJ Int,1991,105:25~35
30DeweyJ F.Extensional collapse of orogens.Tectonics,1988,7:1123~1139
31BirdP.Lateral extrusion of lower crust from under high topography in the isostatic limit.J GeophysRes,1991,96:10275~10286
32CollinsW J.Upper and moddle crustal response to delamination: an example from theLachlan fold belt, easternAustralia.Geology,1994,22:143~146
33王良书,李成,施央申,等.下扬子区地温场和大地热流密度分布.地球物理学报,1995,38(4):469~476
34WangC Y,ZengR S,MooneyW D, et al.A crustal model of the ultrahigh-pressureDabieShan orogenic belt,China, derived from deep seismic refraction profiling.J GeophysRes,2000,105(B5):10857~10869
35ZhangZ J,LiY K,LuD Y, et al.Velocity and anisotropy structure of the crust in theDabie shan orogenic belt from wide-angle seismic data.PhysEarthPlanetInt,2000,122:115~131
36ZhangZ J,WangG J,TengJ W, et al.CDP mapping to obtain the fine structure of the crust and upper mantle from seismic sounding data: an example for the southeasternChina.PhysEarthPlanetInt,2000,122:133~146
37OkayA I,Seng鰎A M C,SatirM.Tectonics of an ultra-high pressure metamorphic terrain: theDabieshan/Tongbaishan orogen,China.Tectonics,1993,12:1320~1334
38YinA,NieS Y.An indentation model for theNorth andSouthChina collision and the development of theTan-Lu andHonam fault systems,EasternAsia.Tectonics,1993,12:801~813
39ChungS L.Trace element and isotope characteristics of cenozoic basalts around theTanlu fault with implication for theEastern plate boundary between north and southChina.J ofGeology,1999,107:301~312
40常印佛,董树文,黄德志.论中-下扬子一盖多底格局与演化.火山地质与矿产,1996,17(1-2):1~14
41LiS G,HartS R,ZhangS G, et al.Timing of collision between the north and southChina blocks—TheSm-Nd isotopic age evidence.Science inChina,SerB,1989,32(11):1393~1400
42ReischmannT,AltenbergerU,Kr鰊erA, et al.Mechanism and time of deformation and metamorphism of mylonitic orthogneisses from theShagou shear zone,Qinling belt,China.Tectonophysics,1990,185:91~109
43ChenW J,HarrisonT M,HeizlerM T, et al.The cooling history of melange zone in northJiangsu-SouthShangdong region:Evience from multiple diffusion domain40Ar-39Ar thermal geochronology.ActaPetrolSinica,1992,8:1~17
44LinJ L,FullerM,ZhangW Y.PreliminaryPhanerozoic polar wanderpaths for the north and southChina blocks.Nature,1985,313:444~449
45ZhaoX,CoeR S.Palaeomagnetic constraints on the collision and rotation ofNorth andSouthChina.Nature,1987,327:141~144
46扬振宇,董树文,BesseJ.华南、华北地块中生代构造演化与超高压变质岩的折返机制.地质论评,2001,47(6):568~575
47ChenJ F,FolandK A,XingF M, et al.Magmatism along the south margin of theYangtze block:Precambrian collision of theYangtze andCathaysia blocks ofChina.Geology,1991,19:815~818
48OkayA I,Seng鰎A M C.Evidence for intracontinental thrust-re- lated exhumation of the ultra-high-pressure rocks inChina.Geology,1992,20:411~414
49XuJ W,ZhuG,TongW, et al.Formation and evolution of theTancheng-Lujiang wrench fault system: a major shear system to the northwest of the pacific ocean.Tectonophysics,1987,134:273~310
50邓晋福,莫宣学,赵海玲,等.中国东部岩石圈根/去根作用与大陆活化.现代地质,1994,8(3):349~356
51张旗,钱青,王二七,等.燕山中晚期的中国东部高原:埃达克岩的启示.地质科学,2001,36(2):248~255
52张旗,王焰,王元龙.燕山期中国东部高原下地壳组成初探:埃达克质岩SN同位素制约.岩石学报,2001,17(4):505~513
53NieS Y.Paleoclimatic and paleomagnetic constraints on thePaleozoic reconstruction of southChina, northChina andTarim.Tectonophysics,1991,196:279~308
54顾连兴,徐克勤.论长江中下游中石炭海底块状流化物矿床.地质学报,1986,60(2):176~188
55徐嘉炜,马国锋.郯庐断裂带研究的十年回顾.地质论评,1992,38(4):316~324
56陈丕基.郯庐断裂巨大平移的时代与格局.科学通报,1989,34(4):289~293
1)安徽地质矿产局.安徽省区域岩石密度、磁性参数测定(研究报告),1987
1)文中华南板块(SCB)包括扬子板块和华夏板块,新元古时扬子与华夏板块已缝合组成了完整的华南板块[47].华北板块(NCB)又称中-朝克拉通
1)曾普胜.安徽铜陵地区成矿流体的叠加改造与大型-超大型铜金矿床的关系.中国地质科学院博士后研究报告,2002
1常印佛,刘湘培,吴言昌.长江中下游铁铜成矿带.北京:地质出版社,1991.1~379
2RudnickR.Growing from below.Nature,1990,347(25):711
3DrummondB J,CollinsC D N.Seismic evidence for underplating of the lower continental crust ofAustralia.Earth andPlanetaryScienceLetters,1986,79(4):361~372
4杨文采,胡振远,程振炎,等.郯城-涟水综合地球物理剖面.地球物理学报,1999,42(2):206~217
5杨文采,汪集旸.苏鲁地区地壳岩浆底侵的地球物理判识.地质学报,2002,76(2):173~179
6吕庆田,侯增谦,赵金花,等.深地震反射剖面揭示铜陵矿集区复杂地壳结构形态.中国科学,D 辑,2003,33(5):442~449
7王强,赵振华,熊小林,等.底侵玄武质下地壳的熔融:来自安徽沙溪adakite质富钠石英闪长玢岩的证据.地球化学,2001,30(4):353~362
8王强,赵振华,许继锋,等.扬子地块东部燕山期埃达克质(adakite-like)岩与成矿.中国科学,D辑,2002,32(增刊):127~136
9许继锋,王强,徐义刚,等.宁镇地区中生代安基山中酸性侵入岩的地球化学:亏损重稀土和钇的岩浆产生的限制.岩石学报,2001,17(4):576~584
10XuJ F,ShinjoR,DefantM J, et al.Origin ofMesozoic adakitic intrusive rocks in theNingzhen area of eastChina:Partial melting of delaminated lower continental crust?Geology,2002,30(12):1111~1114
11BrownL D.A new map of crustal terranes in theUnitedStates fromCOCORP deep seismic reflection profiling.GeophysJ Int,1991,105(1):3~13
12DeemerS J,HurichC A.The reflectivity of magmaticunderplating using the layered mafic intrusion analog.Tectonophysics,1994,232:239~255
13WarnerM.Basalts, water, or shear zones in the lower continental crust?Tectonophysics,1990,173:163~174
14WarnerM.Absolute reflection coefficients from deep seismic reflection.Tectonophysics,1990,173:15~23
15张四维,张锁喜,唐荣余,等.下扬子地区符离集-奉贤地震测深资料解释.地球物理学报,1988,31(6):637~648
16LiZ X.Collision between theNorth andSouthChina blocks:A crustal-detachment model for suturing in the region east of theTanlu fault.Geology,1994,22:739~742
17陈沪生.下扬子地区HQ13线的综合地球物理调查及其地质意义.石油与天然气地质,1988,9(3):211~222
18陈沪生,张永鸿,徐师文,等.下扬子及邻区岩石圈结构构造特征与油气资源评价.北京:地质出版社,1999.1~287
19AllmendingerR W,NelsonK D,PotterC J, et al.Deep seismic reflection characteristics of the continental crust.Geology,1987,15:304~310
20DefantM J,DrummondM S.Derivation of some modern arc magmas by melting of young subducted lithosphere.Nature,1990,347:662~665
21DefantM J,DrummondM S.MountSt.Helens:Potential example of the partial melting of the subducted lithosphere in a volcanic arc.Geology,1993,21:547~550
22AthertonM P,PetfordN.Generation of sodium-rich magmas from newly underplated basaltic crust.Nature,1993,362:144~146
23PetfordN,AthertonM P.Na-rich partial melts from newly underplated basaltic crust: theCordilleraBlancaBatholith,Peru.Journal ofPetrology,1996,37:149~1521
24RappR P,WatsonE B.Dehydration melting of metabasalt at8-32kbar:Implications for continental growth and crust-mantle recycling.Journal ofPetrology,1995,36:891~931
25RappR P,ShimizuN,NormanM D, et al.Reaction between slab-derived melts and peridotite in the mantle wedge:Experimental constraints at3.8GPa.ChemicalGeology,1999,160:335~356
26BirdP.Initiation of intracontinental subduction in theHimalaya.J GeophysRes,1978,83:4975~4987
27HousemanG A,McKenzieD P,MolnarP.Convective instability of a thickened boundary layer and its relevance for the thermal evolution of continental convergent belts.J GeophysRes,1981,86:6135~6155
28NelsonK D.Are crustal thickness variations in old mountain belts like theAppalachians a consequences of lithospheric delamination?Geology,1992,20:498~502
29NelsonK D.A unified view of craton evolution motivated by recent deep seismic reflection and refraction results.GeophysJ Int,1991,105:25~35
30DeweyJ F.Extensional collapse of orogens.Tectonics,1988,7:1123~1139
31BirdP.Lateral extrusion of lower crust from under high topography in the isostatic limit.J GeophysRes,1991,96:10275~10286
32CollinsW J.Upper and moddle crustal response to delamination: an example from theLachlan fold belt, easternAustralia.Geology,1994,22:143~146
33王良书,李成,施央申,等.下扬子区地温场和大地热流密度分布.地球物理学报,1995,38(4):469~476
34WangC Y,ZengR S,MooneyW D, et al.A crustal model of the ultrahigh-pressureDabieShan orogenic belt,China, derived from deep seismic refraction profiling.J GeophysRes,2000,105(B5):10857~10869
35ZhangZ J,LiY K,LuD Y, et al.Velocity and anisotropy structure of the crust in theDabie shan orogenic belt from wide-angle seismic data.PhysEarthPlanetInt,2000,122:115~131
36ZhangZ J,WangG J,TengJ W, et al.CDP mapping to obtain the fine structure of the crust and upper mantle from seismic sounding data: an example for the southeasternChina.PhysEarthPlanetInt,2000,122:133~146
37OkayA I,Seng鰎A M C,SatirM.Tectonics of an ultra-high pressure metamorphic terrain: theDabieshan/Tongbaishan orogen,China.Tectonics,1993,12:1320~1334
38YinA,NieS Y.An indentation model for theNorth andSouthChina collision and the development of theTan-Lu andHonam fault systems,EasternAsia.Tectonics,1993,12:801~813
39ChungS L.Trace element and isotope characteristics of cenozoic basalts around theTanlu fault with implication for theEastern plate boundary between north and southChina.J ofGeology,1999,107:301~312
40常印佛,董树文,黄德志.论中-下扬子一盖多底格局与演化.火山地质与矿产,1996,17(1-2):1~14
41LiS G,HartS R,ZhangS G, et al.Timing of collision between the north and southChina blocks—TheSm-Nd isotopic age evidence.Science inChina,SerB,1989,32(11):1393~1400
42ReischmannT,AltenbergerU,Kr鰊erA, et al.Mechanism and time of deformation and metamorphism of mylonitic orthogneisses from theShagou shear zone,Qinling belt,China.Tectonophysics,1990,185:91~109
43ChenW J,HarrisonT M,HeizlerM T, et al.The cooling history of melange zone in northJiangsu-SouthShangdong region:Evience from multiple diffusion domain40Ar-39Ar thermal geochronology.ActaPetrolSinica,1992,8:1~17
44LinJ L,FullerM,ZhangW Y.PreliminaryPhanerozoic polar wanderpaths for the north and southChina blocks.Nature,1985,313:444~449
45ZhaoX,CoeR S.Palaeomagnetic constraints on the collision and rotation ofNorth andSouthChina.Nature,1987,327:141~144
46扬振宇,董树文,BesseJ.华南、华北地块中生代构造演化与超高压变质岩的折返机制.地质论评,2001,47(6):568~575
47ChenJ F,FolandK A,XingF M, et al.Magmatism along the south margin of theYangtze block:Precambrian collision of theYangtze andCathaysia blocks ofChina.Geology,1991,19:815~818
48OkayA I,Seng鰎A M C.Evidence for intracontinental thrust-re- lated exhumation of the ultra-high-pressure rocks inChina.Geology,1992,20:411~414
49XuJ W,ZhuG,TongW, et al.Formation and evolution of theTancheng-Lujiang wrench fault system: a major shear system to the northwest of the pacific ocean.Tectonophysics,1987,134:273~310
50邓晋福,莫宣学,赵海玲,等.中国东部岩石圈根/去根作用与大陆活化.现代地质,1994,8(3):349~356
51张旗,钱青,王二七,等.燕山中晚期的中国东部高原:埃达克岩的启示.地质科学,2001,36(2):248~255
52张旗,王焰,王元龙.燕山期中国东部高原下地壳组成初探:埃达克质岩SN同位素制约.岩石学报,2001,17(4):505~513
53NieS Y.Paleoclimatic and paleomagnetic constraints on thePaleozoic reconstruction of southChina, northChina andTarim.Tectonophysics,1991,196:279~308
54顾连兴,徐克勤.论长江中下游中石炭海底块状流化物矿床.地质学报,1986,60(2):176~188
55徐嘉炜,马国锋.郯庐断裂带研究的十年回顾.地质论评,1992,38(4):316~324
56陈丕基.郯庐断裂巨大平移的时代与格局.科学通报,1989,34(4):289~293
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