三维波动方程正演及模型应用研究
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摘要
为了真实准确地反映三维地质体的波场特征,在频率一波数域将二维波场延拓算子推广到三维空间,采用三维波动方程延拓方法实现了三维地质模型的快速叠后正演。该方法可以采用相位移加插值方法处理一定的横向变速情况,可以更加灵活方便地模拟地下复杂的三维地质体。首先进行了三维French模型数值模拟,得到了和实际物理模型实验结果相一致的正演记录,并对比分析了三维偏移剖面和二维偏移剖面的偏移效果;然后进行了三维缝洞地质模型的正演计算,得到了高信噪比的正演记录。模拟结果验证了三维正演和偏移方法的正确性,以及利用该方法进行缝洞地质体识别和研究的可行性。
To correctly study the characters of 3-D seismic wave field, the paper extends 2-D wave field continuation operator to 3-D space in F-K domain, and applies 3-D wave equation to realize fast poststack forward modeling of 3-D geologic body. The method has fast calculating efficiency by FFT, stabile algorithm and can handle variable velocity in landscape orientation by PSPI, so it provides a new effective tool for convenient simulating complex 3-D underground geologic body. As the examples, the paper firstly simulates 3-D French model, which can get the same results as practical physical model, and tests its correctness and applicability by contrastively analyzing the migrated data of 3-D and 2-D. Then the paper simulates the 3-D geological fractured model and gets its seismic data with high S/N, which is helpful for us to recognize and explain the characters of the model's seismic wave-field.
To correctly study the characters of 3-D seismic wave field, the paper extends 2-D wave field continuation operator to 3-D space in F-K domain, and applies 3-D wave equation to realize fast poststack forward modeling of 3-D geologic body. The method has fast calculating efficiency by FFT, stabile algorithm and can handle variable velocity in landscape orientation by PSPI, so it provides a new effective tool for convenient simulating complex 3-D underground geologic body. As the examples, the paper firstly simulates 3-D French model, which can get the same results as practical physical model, and tests its correctness and applicability by contrastively analyzing the migrated data of 3-D and 2-D. Then the paper simulates the 3-D geological fractured model and gets its seismic data with high S/N, which is helpful for us to recognize and explain the characters of the model's seismic wave-field.
引文
1张永刚．地震波场数值模拟方法[J]．石油物探,2003, 42(2):143-148
2张钋,刘洪,李幼铭．射线追踪方法的发展现状[J]．地 球物理学进展,2000,15(1):36-45
3陈伟．起伏地表条件下二维地震波场的数值模拟[J]． 勘探地球物理进展,2005,42(2):26-31
4贺振华．反射地震资料偏移处理与反演方法[M]．重庆: 重庆大学出版社,1989．56-68
5熊小兵,贺振华．相位移加有限差分法波动方程正演模 拟[J]．石油物探,1998,37(3):22-28
6 Lai J, Gardner G H. Forward modeling using the PSPI method [J]. Seismic acoustic laboratory, Annual progress review, 1984(14) :271-300
7 Gazdag J F,Sguazzero P. Migration of seismic data by phase shift plus interpolation [J]. Geophysics, 1982,49 (2):124-131
2张钋,刘洪,李幼铭．射线追踪方法的发展现状[J]．地 球物理学进展,2000,15(1):36-45
3陈伟．起伏地表条件下二维地震波场的数值模拟[J]． 勘探地球物理进展,2005,42(2):26-31
4贺振华．反射地震资料偏移处理与反演方法[M]．重庆: 重庆大学出版社,1989．56-68
5熊小兵,贺振华．相位移加有限差分法波动方程正演模 拟[J]．石油物探,1998,37(3):22-28
6 Lai J, Gardner G H. Forward modeling using the PSPI method [J]. Seismic acoustic laboratory, Annual progress review, 1984(14) :271-300
7 Gazdag J F,Sguazzero P. Migration of seismic data by phase shift plus interpolation [J]. Geophysics, 1982,49 (2):124-131
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