汶川地震次生山地灾害链成灾特点与防治对策
|
摘要
地震次生山地灾害链是山地灾害链的一种特殊形式。由于地震作用后,灾害单体之间的连锁作用强烈,成灾机理更加复杂,防治难度大增,因此只针对灾害单体的减灾思想,很难对灾害链整体进行遏制,而必须从灾害链的各个关联环节着手,建立新的减灾框架。从汶川地震次生山地灾害链的成灾特点和防治思路两个方面进行了探讨,针对成灾规律特征,提出了5种山地灾害链的断链防治思路。
Earthquake secondary mountain disaster chain is a special form of the mountain disaster chain.Because of the intensive chain actions between the disaster monomers,as well as the complexity of the disaster formative mechanisms,the difficulty in preventing the seismic secondary disaster chain increases.It is very difficult to control the whole disaster chain only through the consideration of the monomer disaster mitigation.Therefore,it is necessary to establish a new framework for disaster reduction based on the consideration of all the aspects associated with the disaster chain.This paper explored two aspects of the Wenchuan earthquake secondary disaster chain: the characteristics and the prevention,and proposed five kinds of prevention and control strategies for the mountain disaster chain.
Earthquake secondary mountain disaster chain is a special form of the mountain disaster chain.Because of the intensive chain actions between the disaster monomers,as well as the complexity of the disaster formative mechanisms,the difficulty in preventing the seismic secondary disaster chain increases.It is very difficult to control the whole disaster chain only through the consideration of the monomer disaster mitigation.Therefore,it is necessary to establish a new framework for disaster reduction based on the consideration of all the aspects associated with the disaster chain.This paper explored two aspects of the Wenchuan earthquake secondary disaster chain: the characteristics and the prevention,and proposed five kinds of prevention and control strategies for the mountain disaster chain.
引文
[1]门可佩,高建国.重大灾害链及其防御[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(1):270-276.MEN Kepei,GAO Jianguo.Severe disaster chain and its defense[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(1):270-276.(in Chinese)
[2]韩金良,吴树仁,汪华斌.地质灾害链[J].地学前缘,2007,14(6):11-23.HAN Jinliang,WU Shuren,WANG Huabin.Preliminary study on geological hazard chains[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2007,14(6):11-23.(in Chinese)
[3]郭增建,秦保燕.灾害物理学简论[J].灾害学,1987(2):25-33.GUO Zengjian,QIN Baoyan.Briff discussion on disaster physics[J].Journal of Catastrophology,1987(2):25-33.(in Chinese)
[4]李明,唐红梅,叶四桥.典型地质灾害链式机理研究[J].灾害学,2008,23(1):1-5.LI Ming,TANG Hongmei,YE Siqiao.Research on chain rule of typical geological disaster[J].Journal of Catastrophology,2008,23(1):1-5.(in Chinese)
[5]姚清林.自然灾害链的场效机理与区链观[J].气象与减灾研究,2007,30(3):31-36.YAO Qinglin.Field effect and regional conversion as the mechanism of natural hazard chains[J].Meteorology and Disaster Reduction Research,2007,30(3):31-36.(in Chinese)
[6]谢洪,王士革,孔纪名."5.12"汶川地震次生山地灾害的分布与特点[J].山地学报,2008,26(4):396-401.XIE Hong,WANG Shige,KONG Jiming.Distribution and characteristics of mountain hazards induced by the earthquake of May12in Wenchuan,China[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2008,26(4):396-401.(in Chinese)
[7]青新海,梁波,罗暄.青川重建在荆棘路上坚定前行[N].华西都市报,2008-06-21(03).QING Xinhai,LIANG Bo,LUO Xuan.The Qingchuan reconstruction go on in the thorns[N].West China Metropolis Daily,2008-06-21(03).(in Chinese)
[8]徐洁莹,沈可成."绿肺"遭重创重建至少几十年[N].华西都市报,2008-06-18(07).XU Jieying,SHEN Kecheng."Green lung"hit the reconstruction least for decades[N].West China Metropolis Daily,2008-06-18(07).(in Chinese)
[9]周菊芳.自然灾害链及其断链减灾框架构建[J].山西建筑,2007(6):196-197.ZHOU Jufang.Natural disaster chain and building of chain-cutting disaster mitigation frame[J].Shanxi Architecture,2007(6):196-197.(in Chinese)
[10]王成华,孔纪名,马清文.滑坡灾害及减灾技术[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,2008:132-150.WANG Chenghua,KONG Jiming,MA Qingwen.Landslide Disaster and Its Reduction Technology[M].Chengdu:Sichuan Science and Technolo-gy Press,2008:132-150.(in Chinese)
[11]王恭先.滑坡防治中的关键技术及其处理方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005(21):20-29.WANG Gongxian.Natural disaster chain and building of chain-cutting disaster mitigation frame[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005(21):20-29.(in Chinese)
[12]朱颖彦,崔鹏,陈晓清.泥石流堆积体边坡失稳机理的试验与稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005(21):129-136.ZHU Yingyan,CUI Peng,CHEN Xiaoqing.Experiment on mechanism of slope failure of debris flow fan and stability analysis[J].Chinese Jour-nal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005(21):129-136.(in Chinese)
[13]倪晋仁,李秀霞,薛安.泥沙灾害链及其在灾害过程规律研究中的应用[J].自然灾害学报,2004,13(5):1-9.NI Jinren,LI Xiuxia,XUE An.Sediment disaster chain and its applications to interpretation of disaster process characteristics related to sediment transport[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2004,13(5):1-9.(in Chinese)
[14]陈自生,张晓刚.1994-04-30四川省武隆县鸡冠岭滑坡-崩塌-碎屑流-堵江灾害链[J].山地研究,1994,12(4):225-229.CHEN Zisheng,ZHANG Xiaogang.A hazard-chain of landslide-collapse-debris flow-river stoppage in Wulong County,Sichuan Province on April30,1994[J].Mountain Research,1994,12(4):225-229.(in Chinese)
[15]陈自生.陆上滑坡流态化类型的初步划分[C]//首届全国泥石流滑坡防治学术会议论文集.昆明:云南科技出版社,1993:195-199.CHEN Zisheng.Preliminary classification on the types of fluidization of landslide on land[C]//The first National Symposium on Debris Flow and Landslide Prevention.Kunming:Yunnan Science and Technology Press,1993:195-199.(in Chinese)
[16]Iverson R M,Reid M,La Husen R G.Debris-flow mobilization from landslides[J].Annual Review of Earth Planetary Sciences,1997,25(3):85-138.
[17]冯自立,崔鹏,何思明.滑坡转化为泥石流机理研究综述[J].自然灾害学报,2005,14(3):8-14.FENG Zili,CUI Peng,HE Siming.Mechanism of conversion of landslides to debris flows[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2005,14(3):8-14.(in Chinese)
[2]韩金良,吴树仁,汪华斌.地质灾害链[J].地学前缘,2007,14(6):11-23.HAN Jinliang,WU Shuren,WANG Huabin.Preliminary study on geological hazard chains[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2007,14(6):11-23.(in Chinese)
[3]郭增建,秦保燕.灾害物理学简论[J].灾害学,1987(2):25-33.GUO Zengjian,QIN Baoyan.Briff discussion on disaster physics[J].Journal of Catastrophology,1987(2):25-33.(in Chinese)
[4]李明,唐红梅,叶四桥.典型地质灾害链式机理研究[J].灾害学,2008,23(1):1-5.LI Ming,TANG Hongmei,YE Siqiao.Research on chain rule of typical geological disaster[J].Journal of Catastrophology,2008,23(1):1-5.(in Chinese)
[5]姚清林.自然灾害链的场效机理与区链观[J].气象与减灾研究,2007,30(3):31-36.YAO Qinglin.Field effect and regional conversion as the mechanism of natural hazard chains[J].Meteorology and Disaster Reduction Research,2007,30(3):31-36.(in Chinese)
[6]谢洪,王士革,孔纪名."5.12"汶川地震次生山地灾害的分布与特点[J].山地学报,2008,26(4):396-401.XIE Hong,WANG Shige,KONG Jiming.Distribution and characteristics of mountain hazards induced by the earthquake of May12in Wenchuan,China[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2008,26(4):396-401.(in Chinese)
[7]青新海,梁波,罗暄.青川重建在荆棘路上坚定前行[N].华西都市报,2008-06-21(03).QING Xinhai,LIANG Bo,LUO Xuan.The Qingchuan reconstruction go on in the thorns[N].West China Metropolis Daily,2008-06-21(03).(in Chinese)
[8]徐洁莹,沈可成."绿肺"遭重创重建至少几十年[N].华西都市报,2008-06-18(07).XU Jieying,SHEN Kecheng."Green lung"hit the reconstruction least for decades[N].West China Metropolis Daily,2008-06-18(07).(in Chinese)
[9]周菊芳.自然灾害链及其断链减灾框架构建[J].山西建筑,2007(6):196-197.ZHOU Jufang.Natural disaster chain and building of chain-cutting disaster mitigation frame[J].Shanxi Architecture,2007(6):196-197.(in Chinese)
[10]王成华,孔纪名,马清文.滑坡灾害及减灾技术[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,2008:132-150.WANG Chenghua,KONG Jiming,MA Qingwen.Landslide Disaster and Its Reduction Technology[M].Chengdu:Sichuan Science and Technolo-gy Press,2008:132-150.(in Chinese)
[11]王恭先.滑坡防治中的关键技术及其处理方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005(21):20-29.WANG Gongxian.Natural disaster chain and building of chain-cutting disaster mitigation frame[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005(21):20-29.(in Chinese)
[12]朱颖彦,崔鹏,陈晓清.泥石流堆积体边坡失稳机理的试验与稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005(21):129-136.ZHU Yingyan,CUI Peng,CHEN Xiaoqing.Experiment on mechanism of slope failure of debris flow fan and stability analysis[J].Chinese Jour-nal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005(21):129-136.(in Chinese)
[13]倪晋仁,李秀霞,薛安.泥沙灾害链及其在灾害过程规律研究中的应用[J].自然灾害学报,2004,13(5):1-9.NI Jinren,LI Xiuxia,XUE An.Sediment disaster chain and its applications to interpretation of disaster process characteristics related to sediment transport[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2004,13(5):1-9.(in Chinese)
[14]陈自生,张晓刚.1994-04-30四川省武隆县鸡冠岭滑坡-崩塌-碎屑流-堵江灾害链[J].山地研究,1994,12(4):225-229.CHEN Zisheng,ZHANG Xiaogang.A hazard-chain of landslide-collapse-debris flow-river stoppage in Wulong County,Sichuan Province on April30,1994[J].Mountain Research,1994,12(4):225-229.(in Chinese)
[15]陈自生.陆上滑坡流态化类型的初步划分[C]//首届全国泥石流滑坡防治学术会议论文集.昆明:云南科技出版社,1993:195-199.CHEN Zisheng.Preliminary classification on the types of fluidization of landslide on land[C]//The first National Symposium on Debris Flow and Landslide Prevention.Kunming:Yunnan Science and Technology Press,1993:195-199.(in Chinese)
[16]Iverson R M,Reid M,La Husen R G.Debris-flow mobilization from landslides[J].Annual Review of Earth Planetary Sciences,1997,25(3):85-138.
[17]冯自立,崔鹏,何思明.滑坡转化为泥石流机理研究综述[J].自然灾害学报,2005,14(3):8-14.FENG Zili,CUI Peng,HE Siming.Mechanism of conversion of landslides to debris flows[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2005,14(3):8-14.(in Chinese)
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心