利用振幅谱差识别水淹层的变化
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摘要
储层在长期水驱前后,其中的流体及储层本身会发生变化,导致速度和密度的变化,这一变化为应用四维地震监测油藏的变化提供了依据.本文基于平面波入射水平层状介质,推导出了用振幅谱差(四维振幅谱差)预测油藏变化的公式,并给出数值模拟的结果.理论计算表明,不同程度水驱和不同层位发生水淹其振幅谱差呈现明显的不同,从而在理论上证实了用振幅谱差预测油藏油水变化的可能.这为实际工作中利用振幅谱差预测地下油水变化奠定了理论基础.
Time-lapse 3-D seismic reservoir monitoring can be applied based on the variations of velocity and density resulting from the change of the fluid in reservoir and the reservoir itself because of the long time oil displacement with water.We propose a formula indicating the prediction of reservoir variation by amplitude spectrum difference of the incident plane wave in the presence of horizontal layer media.The computations with theoretical data demonstrate that the amplitude spectrum is different for the different degree and position of water driven.This argumentation is helpful for the prediction of variation of reservoir fluid(water/oil) with amplitude spectrum difference.
Time-lapse 3-D seismic reservoir monitoring can be applied based on the variations of velocity and density resulting from the change of the fluid in reservoir and the reservoir itself because of the long time oil displacement with water.We propose a formula indicating the prediction of reservoir variation by amplitude spectrum difference of the incident plane wave in the presence of horizontal layer media.The computations with theoretical data demonstrate that the amplitude spectrum is different for the different degree and position of water driven.This argumentation is helpful for the prediction of variation of reservoir fluid(water/oil) with amplitude spectrum difference.
引文
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[2]Castagna J P,Sun S,Siegfried R W.Instantaneous spectralanalysis:Detection of low-frequency shadows associated withhydrocarbons.The Leading Edge,2003,22:120~127
[3]Shapiro S A,Zien H.The O’Doherty-Anstey formula andlocalization of seismic waves.Geophysics,1993,58:736~740
[4]Liu Y,Schmitt D.Quantitative analysis of thin layer effects,transmission coefficients and seismograms.70thSEG MeetingExtended Abstracts,2000.2464~2467
[5]Zhang J,Wapenaar C P A.Wavefield extrapolation and amplitudevariation with angle migration in highly discontinuous media.Geophysical Journal International,2003,155:327~339
[6]陈小宏,牟永光.四维地震油藏监测技术及其应用.石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(6):707~715Cheng X H,Mu Y G.Time-lapse seismic reservoir monitoringtechnique and application.Oil Geophysical Exploration(inChinese),1998,33(6):707~715
[7]李来林,牟永光,陈小宏.层状介质时移时差的分析研究.勘探地球物理进展,2003,26(1):35~40Li L L,Mu Y G,Cheng X H.Analysis of time-lapse seismic timedifference in layered media.Progress in Exploration Geophysics(inChinese),2003,26(1):35~40
[8]Lumley D E,Behrens R A,Wang Z.Assessing the technical risk ofa 4D seismic project.The Leading Edge,1997,16:1287~1291
[9]Marfurt K J,Kirlin R L.Narrow-band spectral analysis and thin-bedtuning.Geophysics,2001,66:1274~1283
[10]De Bruin C G M,Wapenaar C P A,Berkhout A J.Angle-dependentreflectivity by means of prestack migration.Geophysics,1990,55:1223~1234
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