GPS掩星技术和电离层反演
|
摘要
系统地介绍了GPS无线电掩星技术的发展现状、系统组成和一些关键技术;论述了利用GPS掩星数据进行电离层反演的理论、模型及相应的计算流程,并结合GPS/MET和CHAMP卫星的实测资料,计算了电子密度剖面,与用其他方法所得结果的对比表明,GPS掩星电离层观测具有精度高、覆盖范围大等特点;最后讨论了GPS掩星技术应用于地震前兆监测的机理和前景。
The current situation, the system configuration and some key techniques of GPS radio occultation are introduced in this paper. It focuses on the theory and models of ionospheric inversion from GPS occultation data and the computation flow. The electronic density profiles are derived from GPS occultation data based on GPS/MET and CHAMP satellite. The results demonstrate that GPS occultation compared with other techniques has the ability to acquire more accurate profiles in a wider range.Finally,the mechanism and prospect for using GPS occultation to monitor seismic precursor are discussed.
The current situation, the system configuration and some key techniques of GPS radio occultation are introduced in this paper. It focuses on the theory and models of ionospheric inversion from GPS occultation data and the computation flow. The electronic density profiles are derived from GPS occultation data based on GPS/MET and CHAMP satellite. The results demonstrate that GPS occultation compared with other techniques has the ability to acquire more accurate profiles in a wider range.Finally,the mechanism and prospect for using GPS occultation to monitor seismic precursor are discussed.
引文
1FjeldboGF,EshlemanVRandKlioreAJ.Theneutral atmosphereofVnusasstudiedwiththeMarinerVradio occultationexperiments[J].TheAstronomicalJournal,1971,76(2):123-140.
2黄栋,黄城,李金岭,等.GPS无线掩星技术监测地球大气[J].地球科学进展,1997,12(3):217～223.2HuangDong,HuangCheng,LiJinling,etal.Monito ringtheearth’satmospherewithGPSradiooccultation[J].AdvancesinEarthSciences,1997,12(3):217-223.(inChinese)
3胡雄,曾桢,张训械,等.无线电掩星技术及其应用[J].电波科学学报,2002,17(5):549～556.3HuXiong,ZengZhen,ZhangXunxie,etal.Radiooc cultationanditsapplication[J].ChineseJournalOfRadio Science,2002,17(5):549-556.(inChinese)
4JensWickert,ChristophReigber,GeorgBeyerle,etal.AtmospheresoundingbyGPSradiooccultation:firstre sultfromCHAMP[J].GeophysicalResearchLetters,2001,28(17):3263-3266.
5YunckTP.Anoverviewofatmosphericradiooccultation[J].JournalofGlobalPositioningSystems,2002,1(1):58-60.
6HajjGA,KursinskiER,RomansLJ,etal.Atechnical descriptionofatmosphericsoundingbyGPSoccultation[J].JournalofAtmosphericandSolar TerrestrialPhys ics,2002,64:451-469.
7PlotkinVV.GPSdetectionofionosphericperturbation beforethe13February2001EISalvadorearthquake[J].NaturalHazardsandEarthSystemSciences,2003,3:249-253.
8LiuJY,ChuoYJ,ShanSJ,etal.Pre earthquakeiono sphericanomaliesregisteredbycontinuousGPSTEC measurements[J].AnnalesGeophysicae,2004,22:1585-1593.
9PulinetsSAandLiuJY.Ionosphericvariabilityunrelat edtosolarandgeomagneticactivity[J].Advancein SpaceResearch,2004,34:1926-1933.
10TrigunaitA,ParrotM,PulinetsSA,etal.Variations oftheionosphereelectrondensityduringtheBhujseis micevent[J].AnnalesGeophysicae,2004,22:4123-4131.
11PulinetsSA,GaivoronskaTB,LeyvaContrerasA,et al.Correlationanalysistechniquerevealingionospheric precursorsofearthquakes[J].NaturalHazardsand EarthSystemSciences,2004,4:697-702.
12MolchanovO,FedorovE,SchekotovA,etal.Litho sphere atmosphere ionospherecouplingasgoverning mechanismforpreseismicshort termeventsinatmos phereandionosphere[J].NaturalHazardsandEarth SystemSciences,2004,4:757-767.
13FujiwaraH,KamogawaM,IkedaM,etal.Atmos phericanomaliesobservedduringearthquakeoccur rences[J].GeophysicalResearchLetters,2004,31,L17110.
14LiperovskyVA,MeisterCV,LiperovskayaEV,et al.Onspread Eseffectsintheionospherebeforeearth quakes[J].NaturalHazardsandEarthSystemSci ences,2005,5:59-62.
15吴云,乔学军,周义炎.利用GPS探测震前电离层TEC异常[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2005,25(2):36～40.15WuYun,QiaoXuejunandZhouYiyan.Preseismicxion osphericTECanomalydetectedbyground basedGPS[J].JournalofGeodesyandGeodynamic,2005,25(2):36-40.(inChinese)
16HockeK.InversionofGPSmeteorologydate[J].Ann.Geophysicate,1997,15:443-450.
17HajjGeorgeAandLarryJRomans.Ionosphericelec trondensityprofilesobtainedwiththeGlobalPositio ningSestem:ResultsfromtheGPS/METexperiment[J].RadioScience,1998,33(1):175-190.
18PerHoeg,GeorgBergeton,Hans HenrikBenzon,et al.GPSatmosphereprofilingmethodsanderror.Scien tificReport,DanishMeteorologicalInstitute,98-7.
19HealySB,HaaseJ,andLesneO.Abeltransformin versionofradiooccultationmeasurementsmadewitha receiverinsidetheEarth’satmosphere[J].Annales Geophysicae,2002,20:1253-1256.
20曾桢,胡雄,张训械,等.电离层GPS掩星观测反演技术[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(4):578-583.20ZengZhen,HuXiong,ZhangXunxie,etal.Inversion ofionosphericGPSoccultationdate[J].ChineseJournal OfGeophysics,2004,47(4):578-583.(inChinese)
21张训械,HoegP,LarsenGB,等.奥斯特/GPS掩星与地面雷达联合观测电离电子密度的初步结果[J].全球定位系统,2000,25(3):1～5.21ZhangXunxie,HoegP,LarsenGB,etal.Theprimary resultsofelectrondensityinionophereobtainedfrom thecombinativeobservationofORSTED/GPSocculta tionandtheground basedradar[J].TheGlobalPositio ningSestem,2000,25(3):1-5.(inChinese)
22TsaiLC,TsaiWH,SchreinerWS,etal.Compar sionsofGPS/METretrievedionosphericelectrondensiy andgroundbasedionosondedata[J].EarthPlanets Space,2001,53:193-205.
23JakowskiNandTsybulyaK.Comparsionofionospheric radiooccultationCHAMPdatawithIRI2001[J].Ad vancesinRadioScience,2004,2:275-279.
24曾文,张训械,胡雄,等.利用人工神经网络建立我国南海地区电离层模式[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(5):581～589.24ZengWen,Zhangxunxie,HuXiong,etal.Aniono sphericmodelinthesouthChinasearegionmadebyar tificialneuralnetwork[J].ChineseJournalofGeophys ics,1999,42(5):581-589.(inChinese)
25郭自强.地震低频电磁辐射研究[J].地球物理学报,1994,37(增刊):261～268.
25GuoZhiqiang.Investigationonlow frequencyseis moelectromagneticemission[J].ActaGeophysicasini ca,1994,37(Supp.1):261-268.(inChinese)
26HadjicontisV,MavromatouCandNinosD.Stressin ducedpolarizationcurrentsandelectromagneticemission fromrocksandioniccrystals,accompanyingtheirde formation[J].NaturalHazardsandEarthSystemSci ences,2004,4:633-639.
27ShvetsAV,HayakawaMandMaekawaS.Resultof subionophericradioLFmonitoringpriortotheTokachi(M=8,Hokkaido,25,September2003)earthquake[J].NaturalHazardsandEarthSystemSciences,2004,4:647-653.
2黄栋,黄城,李金岭,等.GPS无线掩星技术监测地球大气[J].地球科学进展,1997,12(3):217～223.2HuangDong,HuangCheng,LiJinling,etal.Monito ringtheearth’satmospherewithGPSradiooccultation[J].AdvancesinEarthSciences,1997,12(3):217-223.(inChinese)
3胡雄,曾桢,张训械,等.无线电掩星技术及其应用[J].电波科学学报,2002,17(5):549～556.3HuXiong,ZengZhen,ZhangXunxie,etal.Radiooc cultationanditsapplication[J].ChineseJournalOfRadio Science,2002,17(5):549-556.(inChinese)
4JensWickert,ChristophReigber,GeorgBeyerle,etal.AtmospheresoundingbyGPSradiooccultation:firstre sultfromCHAMP[J].GeophysicalResearchLetters,2001,28(17):3263-3266.
5YunckTP.Anoverviewofatmosphericradiooccultation[J].JournalofGlobalPositioningSystems,2002,1(1):58-60.
6HajjGA,KursinskiER,RomansLJ,etal.Atechnical descriptionofatmosphericsoundingbyGPSoccultation[J].JournalofAtmosphericandSolar TerrestrialPhys ics,2002,64:451-469.
7PlotkinVV.GPSdetectionofionosphericperturbation beforethe13February2001EISalvadorearthquake[J].NaturalHazardsandEarthSystemSciences,2003,3:249-253.
8LiuJY,ChuoYJ,ShanSJ,etal.Pre earthquakeiono sphericanomaliesregisteredbycontinuousGPSTEC measurements[J].AnnalesGeophysicae,2004,22:1585-1593.
9PulinetsSAandLiuJY.Ionosphericvariabilityunrelat edtosolarandgeomagneticactivity[J].Advancein SpaceResearch,2004,34:1926-1933.
10TrigunaitA,ParrotM,PulinetsSA,etal.Variations oftheionosphereelectrondensityduringtheBhujseis micevent[J].AnnalesGeophysicae,2004,22:4123-4131.
11PulinetsSA,GaivoronskaTB,LeyvaContrerasA,et al.Correlationanalysistechniquerevealingionospheric precursorsofearthquakes[J].NaturalHazardsand EarthSystemSciences,2004,4:697-702.
12MolchanovO,FedorovE,SchekotovA,etal.Litho sphere atmosphere ionospherecouplingasgoverning mechanismforpreseismicshort termeventsinatmos phereandionosphere[J].NaturalHazardsandEarth SystemSciences,2004,4:757-767.
13FujiwaraH,KamogawaM,IkedaM,etal.Atmos phericanomaliesobservedduringearthquakeoccur rences[J].GeophysicalResearchLetters,2004,31,L17110.
14LiperovskyVA,MeisterCV,LiperovskayaEV,et al.Onspread Eseffectsintheionospherebeforeearth quakes[J].NaturalHazardsandEarthSystemSci ences,2005,5:59-62.
15吴云,乔学军,周义炎.利用GPS探测震前电离层TEC异常[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2005,25(2):36～40.15WuYun,QiaoXuejunandZhouYiyan.Preseismicxion osphericTECanomalydetectedbyground basedGPS[J].JournalofGeodesyandGeodynamic,2005,25(2):36-40.(inChinese)
16HockeK.InversionofGPSmeteorologydate[J].Ann.Geophysicate,1997,15:443-450.
17HajjGeorgeAandLarryJRomans.Ionosphericelec trondensityprofilesobtainedwiththeGlobalPositio ningSestem:ResultsfromtheGPS/METexperiment[J].RadioScience,1998,33(1):175-190.
18PerHoeg,GeorgBergeton,Hans HenrikBenzon,et al.GPSatmosphereprofilingmethodsanderror.Scien tificReport,DanishMeteorologicalInstitute,98-7.
19HealySB,HaaseJ,andLesneO.Abeltransformin versionofradiooccultationmeasurementsmadewitha receiverinsidetheEarth’satmosphere[J].Annales Geophysicae,2002,20:1253-1256.
20曾桢,胡雄,张训械,等.电离层GPS掩星观测反演技术[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(4):578-583.20ZengZhen,HuXiong,ZhangXunxie,etal.Inversion ofionosphericGPSoccultationdate[J].ChineseJournal OfGeophysics,2004,47(4):578-583.(inChinese)
21张训械,HoegP,LarsenGB,等.奥斯特/GPS掩星与地面雷达联合观测电离电子密度的初步结果[J].全球定位系统,2000,25(3):1～5.21ZhangXunxie,HoegP,LarsenGB,etal.Theprimary resultsofelectrondensityinionophereobtainedfrom thecombinativeobservationofORSTED/GPSocculta tionandtheground basedradar[J].TheGlobalPositio ningSestem,2000,25(3):1-5.(inChinese)
22TsaiLC,TsaiWH,SchreinerWS,etal.Compar sionsofGPS/METretrievedionosphericelectrondensiy andgroundbasedionosondedata[J].EarthPlanets Space,2001,53:193-205.
23JakowskiNandTsybulyaK.Comparsionofionospheric radiooccultationCHAMPdatawithIRI2001[J].Ad vancesinRadioScience,2004,2:275-279.
24曾文,张训械,胡雄,等.利用人工神经网络建立我国南海地区电离层模式[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(5):581～589.24ZengWen,Zhangxunxie,HuXiong,etal.Aniono sphericmodelinthesouthChinasearegionmadebyar tificialneuralnetwork[J].ChineseJournalofGeophys ics,1999,42(5):581-589.(inChinese)
25郭自强.地震低频电磁辐射研究[J].地球物理学报,1994,37(增刊):261～268.
25GuoZhiqiang.Investigationonlow frequencyseis moelectromagneticemission[J].ActaGeophysicasini ca,1994,37(Supp.1):261-268.(inChinese)
26HadjicontisV,MavromatouCandNinosD.Stressin ducedpolarizationcurrentsandelectromagneticemission fromrocksandioniccrystals,accompanyingtheirde formation[J].NaturalHazardsandEarthSystemSci ences,2004,4:633-639.
27ShvetsAV,HayakawaMandMaekawaS.Resultof subionophericradioLFmonitoringpriortotheTokachi(M=8,Hokkaido,25,September2003)earthquake[J].NaturalHazardsandEarthSystemSciences,2004,4:647-653.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心