碳酸盐岩岩溶型储层综合预测概述
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摘要
随着塔里木盆地塔河油田、塔中奥陶系的高产井与四川盆地普光气田的相继发现,目前对海相碳酸盐岩表生岩溶储层及鲕滩储层预测的研究取得了一批对勘探生产具有实际指导意义的成果,初步建立了一整套与海平面升降、古地貌、沉积与层序地层、地震相、岩性等性质有关的古岩溶地质—地球化学—地球物理综合预测方法与模式。文中给出了建立岩溶地质模式的基本方法与实例,并介绍了在建立地质模型的基础上一些对岩溶储层预测的地球物理方法,有三维地震数据的相干体计算技术、地震属性综合分析技术、波阻抗反演技术、吸收参数流体检测技术、利用三维可视化进行古水系、古地貌恢复技术、神经网络模式识别技术、多参数融合储层评价技术,并分析了各种方法的应用原理及在不同地质条件下的局限性,提出了只有深入分析目标区古岩溶的地质条件、储层特征,建立岩溶储层地质模式,在建立、分析地质模式的基础上采用针对性的地球物理方法进行岩溶储层的预测才有可能获得成功。
With discovery of Tahe oilfield,high yield well of Tazhong Ordovician and Puguang gas field,the prediction of supergene karst reservoirs of marine carbonates and oolite limestone reservoirs has reached certain level. A set of synthetic forecasting method and models combined with paleo-karst geology,geochemistry and geophysics is established,which is related to the sea level fluctuation,paleo-morphology,sedimentation and sequence, seismic facies and lithology. The basic method and examples for establishing of karst geological models are given out,and on the geological model,some geophysical forecasting ways of karst reservoirs are introduced. Those include coherence calculation of 3D seismic data, synthetic analysis of seismic attribute,wave impedence inversion, fluid test of absorption ratio, ancient drainage system and paleo-morphology recovery by 3D visualization, pattern recognition of nerve net,and multiple parameter reservoir evaluation. The principal of every method is analyzed and its restriction under different geological conditions is indicated. Only the geological condition of paleo-karst and the reservoir properties are thoroughly analyzed and the karst reservoirs model is established,can the prediction of karst reservoirs by geophysical method be successful.
With discovery of Tahe oilfield,high yield well of Tazhong Ordovician and Puguang gas field,the prediction of supergene karst reservoirs of marine carbonates and oolite limestone reservoirs has reached certain level. A set of synthetic forecasting method and models combined with paleo-karst geology,geochemistry and geophysics is established,which is related to the sea level fluctuation,paleo-morphology,sedimentation and sequence, seismic facies and lithology. The basic method and examples for establishing of karst geological models are given out,and on the geological model,some geophysical forecasting ways of karst reservoirs are introduced. Those include coherence calculation of 3D seismic data, synthetic analysis of seismic attribute,wave impedence inversion, fluid test of absorption ratio, ancient drainage system and paleo-morphology recovery by 3D visualization, pattern recognition of nerve net,and multiple parameter reservoir evaluation. The principal of every method is analyzed and its restriction under different geological conditions is indicated. Only the geological condition of paleo-karst and the reservoir properties are thoroughly analyzed and the karst reservoirs model is established,can the prediction of karst reservoirs by geophysical method be successful.
引文
曹辉.地震属性应用中几个关键问题的探讨.扬州:中国石化物探技术研讨会,2004
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[9]兰素清,陆明华.多种地球物理方法组合在储层预测中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(6):43￣46
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[12]李明,李守林,赵一民.塔里木盆地某地区碳酸盐岩裂缝储层预测研究[J].石油物探,2000,39(2):24￣35
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[1]兰光志,江同文,张延山,等.碳酸盐岩古岩溶储层模式及其特征[J].天然气工业,1996,16(6):13￣17
[2]陈学时,易万霞,卢文忠.中国油气田古岩溶与油气储层[J].沉积学报,2004,22(2):244￣252
[3]迟新刚,贺振华,黄德济.储层缝洞预测和检测方法[J].勘探地球物理进展,2003,26(4):94￣98
[4]夏日元,唐健身.黄骅坳陷奥陶系古岩溶发育演化模式[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(1):51￣53
[5]陈强路,钱一雄,马红强,等.塔里木盆地塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩成岩作用与孔隙演化[J].石油实验地质,2003,25(6):729￣734
[6]陈广坡,潘建国,陶云光.碳酸盐岩岩溶型储层综合预测评价技术的应用及效果分析[J].石油物探,2005,44(1):33￣36
[7]黄绪宝,张旭光,刘其,等.Voxel Geo在塔河油田碳酸盐岩储层预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2001,40(4):100￣105
[8]张永升,李家蓉,潘新志.地震和测井联合反演技术在塔河油田碳酸盐岩储层预测中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(4):46￣48
[9]兰素清,陆明华.多种地球物理方法组合在储层预测中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(6):43￣46
[10]李宗杰,王勤聪.塔北超深层碳酸盐岩储层预测方法和技术[J].石油与天然气地质,2002,23(1):35￣40
[11]叶德胜,王根长,林忠民,等.塔里木盆地北部寒武—奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层特征及油气前景[M].成都:四川大学出版社,2000
[12]李明,李守林,赵一民.塔里木盆地某地区碳酸盐岩裂缝储层预测研究[J].石油物探,2000,39(2):24￣35
[13]刘殊,甘其刚.海相及湖相碳酸盐岩储层预测——层序地层学技术在储层预测中的运用[J].石油物探,2003,42(2):169￣178
[14]贺振华,杜正聪,文晓涛.碳酸盐岩喀斯特溶洞和裂缝系统的地震模拟与预测[J].地球科学进展,2004,19(3):399￣402
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