潮汕坳陷中生代沉积的折射波2D速度结构和密度
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摘要
2006年秋,国家海洋局第二海洋研究所在东沙隆起和潮汕(潮南)坳陷完成了OBS2006-3剖面。在整条剖面速度模型的基础上,采用2D层析成像方法,对潮汕(潮南)坳陷区7个站位的中生界折射震相进行了精细的反演成像。结果表明,坳陷内可分3个沉积层,前两层是新生代沉积,速度分别为2.2km/s和3.6km/s,厚度较小,不超过2km。中生代沉积地层的速度从顶部的4.4km/s向下逐渐增加到底部的5.4km/s,厚度较大,最厚处为8km左右。坳陷内速度是比较均匀地随深度增加的,成水平层状分布。重力反演表明,潮汕坳陷中生代沉积的平均密度为2.45g/cm3,地壳密度为2.86g/cm3,下地壳高速层密度为3.05g/cm3,莫霍面下面的上地幔密度为3.32g/cm3。
The wide angle seismic profile OBS2006-3 crossing the Dongsha Rise and the Chaoshan and Chaonan Depressions of South China Sea was completed by the Second Institute of Oceanography,SOA in the autumn of 2006.Based on the inversed velocity model of the whole profile,a more accurate 2D tomography imaging was carried out in this paper for a smaller model and only refracted waves recorded by seven OBS stations in the Chaoshan and Chaonan Depressions were used.The imaging results show that there are three sediment layers in the depression area.The thicknesses of the first two layers of the Cenozoic sediments are very thin,less than 2 km with velocities of 2.2 km/s and 3.6 km/s,respectively.In the Mesozoic sediment layer the velocity increases gradually from 4.4 km/s at the top to 5.4 km/s at the bottom with a maximum thickness of 8 km and can be considered as a horizontal sub-layer.Based on the gravity simulation of OBS2006-3,the average density of the Mesozoic layer in the Chaoshan and Chaonan Depressions is 2.45 g/cm3.The average densities of the profile OBS2006-3 in the crust,the high velocity layer and the upper mantle beneath Moho are 2.86 g/cm3,3.05 g/cm3 and 3.32 g/cm3,respectively.
The wide angle seismic profile OBS2006-3 crossing the Dongsha Rise and the Chaoshan and Chaonan Depressions of South China Sea was completed by the Second Institute of Oceanography,SOA in the autumn of 2006.Based on the inversed velocity model of the whole profile,a more accurate 2D tomography imaging was carried out in this paper for a smaller model and only refracted waves recorded by seven OBS stations in the Chaoshan and Chaonan Depressions were used.The imaging results show that there are three sediment layers in the depression area.The thicknesses of the first two layers of the Cenozoic sediments are very thin,less than 2 km with velocities of 2.2 km/s and 3.6 km/s,respectively.In the Mesozoic sediment layer the velocity increases gradually from 4.4 km/s at the top to 5.4 km/s at the bottom with a maximum thickness of 8 km and can be considered as a horizontal sub-layer.Based on the gravity simulation of OBS2006-3,the average density of the Mesozoic layer in the Chaoshan and Chaonan Depressions is 2.45 g/cm3.The average densities of the profile OBS2006-3 in the crust,the high velocity layer and the upper mantle beneath Moho are 2.86 g/cm3,3.05 g/cm3 and 3.32 g/cm3,respectively.
引文
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Makris J and Thieβen J.1984.Wide-angle reflections:a tool to penetrate horizons with high acoustic impedance contrasts[C].Expanded Abstracts,SEG54th Annual Meeting,Atlanta.
Qiu Xuelin,Zhao Minghui and Ye Chunming.2003.Ocean bottom seismometer and onshore-offshore seismic experiment in northeastern South China Sea[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,27(4):295-299.(in Chinese with English abstract)
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Wu Zhenli,Ruan Aiguo,Li Jiabiao,et al.2008.New progress of deep crust sounding in the mid-northern south China Sea using ocean bottom seismometers[J].South China Journal of Seismology,28(1):21-28.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Xu Mingjie and Shu Liangshu.2001.Deep geological conditions constraining the late Mesozoic magmatism in SE China[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,7(1):21-33.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Yan Pin,Luo Wenzao,Wen Ning,et al.2008.Ocean bottom seismometer experiment across Chaoshan Sag in the northern South China Sea[C]//Jin Xianglong,et al.Progress in Chinese Geology andGeophysics Research.Beijing:Ocean Press,494-500.(in Chinesewith English abstract)
Yang Shaokun,Lin Heming and Hao Hujun.2002.Oil and gas exploration prospect of Mesozoic in the eastern part of Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,23(5):28-34.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Yao Bochu,Zeng Weijun,Chen Yizhong,et al.1995.Seismic reflective characteristics of the Mesozoic sediments on the eastern continental margin in the north of the south China Sea[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,15(1):81-90.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhou Di,Wang Wanyin,Pang Xiong,et al.2006.The Mesozoic subduction zone in northeastern South China Sea revealed by geophysics data[J].Science in China Series(D),36(3):209-218.(in Chinese).
陈冰,王家林,钟慧智,等.2005.南海潮汕坳陷前第三纪盆地结构地球物理研究[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),33(9):1275-1280.
陈洁.2007.潮汕坳陷地球物理特征及油气勘探潜力[J].地球物理学进展,22(1):147-155.
郝沪军,林鹤鸣,杨梦雄,等.2001.潮汕坳陷中生界—油气勘探的新领域[J].中国海上油气(地质),15(3):157-163.
黄春菊,周蒂,陈长民,等.2005.深反射地震剖面所揭示的白云凹陷的深部地壳结构[J].科学通报,50(10):1024-1031.
李湘云,吴振利,薛彬,等.2007.SEDIS IV型短周期自浮式海底地震仪及应用体会[J].热带海洋学报,26(5):35-39.
刘光鼎,陈洁.2005.中国前新生代残留盆地油气勘探难点分析及对策[J].地球物理学进展,20(2):1-3.
吕修亚,阎贫,郑红波,等.2008.折射方法在南海北部潮汕坳陷中生界研究中的应用[C]//金翔龙等.中国地质地球物理研究进展——庆贺刘光鼎院士八十华诞.北京:海洋出版社,501-507.
丘学林,赵明辉,叶春明,等.2003.南海东北部海陆联测与海底地震仪探测[J].大地构造与成矿学.27(4):295-299.
邵磊,尤洪庆,郝沪军,等.2007.南海东北部中生界岩石学特征及沉积环境[J].地质评论,53(2):164-169.
苏乃容,曾麟,李平鲁.1995.珠江口盆地东部中生代凹陷地质特征[J].中国海上油气(地质),9(4):228-236.
吴国瑄,王汝建,郝沪军,等.2007.南海北部海相中生界发育的微体化石证据[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,27(1):79-85.
吴振利,阮爱国,李家彪,等.2008.南海中北部地壳深部结构探测新进展[J].华南地震,28(1):21-28.
徐鸣洁,舒良树.2001.中国东南部晚中生代岩浆作用的深部条件制约[J].高校地质学报,7(1):21-33.
阎贫,罗文造,温宁,等.2008.南海北部跨越潮汕凹陷的海底地震仪调查[C]//金翔龙等主编,中国地质地球物理研究进展——庆贺刘光鼎院士八十华诞.北京:海洋出版社,494-500.
杨少坤,林鹤鸣,郝沪军.2002.珠江口盆地东部中生界海相油气勘探前景[J].石油学报,23(5):28-34.
姚伯初,曾维军,陈艺中,等.1995.南海北部陆缘中生代沉积的地震反射特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,15(1):81-90.
周蒂,王万银,庞雄,等.2006.地球物理资料所揭示的南海东北部中生代俯冲增生带[J].中国科学(D),36(3):209-218.
Cerveny V,Molotkov I A and Psencik I.1977.Ray Method in Seismology[M].Prague Charles University,pp.355.
Chen Bing,Wang Jialin,Zhong Huizhi,et al.2005.Geophysical study of pre-Tertiary basin style of Chaoshan Sag in south China Sea[J].Journal of Tongji University,33(9):1275-1280.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Chen Jie.2007.Geophysical characteristics of the Chaoshan depression and its hydrocarbon exploration potential[J].Progress in Geophysics,22(1):147-155.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Christensen N I and Walter D M.1995.Seismic velocity structure and composition of the continental crust:A global view[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,100(B7):9761-9788.
Hao Hujun,Lin Heming,Yang Mengxiong,et al.2001.The Mesozoic in Chaoshan Depression:A new domain of petroleum exploration[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,15(3):157-163.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Hayes D E,Nissen S S,Buhl P,et al.1995.Thoroughgoing crustal faults along the northern margin of the South China Sea and their role in crustal extension[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,100(B11):22435-22446.
Huang Chunjü,Zhou Di and Chen Changmin.2005.The deep-crustal structures of Baiyun Sag revealed by deep seismic reflection profile[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,50(10):1024-1031.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Huang Meiying,Li Fangzhi and Li Pinglu.1993.Pre-Tertiary-Paleogene depression characteristics and petroleum potential in the eastern Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),7(3):1-9.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Li Xiangyun,Wu Zhenli,Xue Bin,et al.2007.Short-period auto-floating ocean bottom seismometer and its operational experiences[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,26(5):35-39.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu Guangding and Chen Jie.2005.Analysis of difficulties in gas-petroleum prospecting in Chinese Pre-cenozoic relic basin and the corresponding solutions[J].Progress in Geophysics,20(2):1-3.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Lu..Xiuya,Yan Pin,Zheng Hongbo,et al.2008.Application of refraction velocity in studying Mesozoic strata in Chaoshan depression on northern margin of south China Sea[C]//Jin Xianglong et al,Progress in Chinese Geology and Geophysics Research.Beijing,Ocean Press.501-507.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Makris J and Thieβen J.1984.Wide-angle reflections:a tool to penetrate horizons with high acoustic impedance contrasts[C].Expanded Abstracts,SEG54th Annual Meeting,Atlanta.
Qiu Xuelin,Zhao Minghui and Ye Chunming.2003.Ocean bottom seismometer and onshore-offshore seismic experiment in northeastern South China Sea[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,27(4):295-299.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Shao Lei,You Hongqing,Hao Hujun,et al.2007.Petrology and depositional environments of Mesozoic strata in the northeastern South China Sea[J].Geological Review,53(2):164-169.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Su Nairong,Zeng Lin and Li Pinglu.1995.Geological features of Mesozoic sags in the eastern part of Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,9(4):228-236.(in Chinese with English abstract)
White R S,Smith L K,Roberts A W,et al.2008.Lower-crustal intrusion on the north Atlantic continental margin[J].Nature,452(27):460-464.
Wu Guoxuan,Wang Rujian,Hao Hujun,et al.2007.Microfossil evidence for development of marine Mesozoic in the north of south China Sea[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,27(1):79-85.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wu Zhenli,Ruan Aiguo,Li Jiabiao,et al.2008.New progress of deep crust sounding in the mid-northern south China Sea using ocean bottom seismometers[J].South China Journal of Seismology,28(1):21-28.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Xu Mingjie and Shu Liangshu.2001.Deep geological conditions constraining the late Mesozoic magmatism in SE China[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,7(1):21-33.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Yan Pin,Luo Wenzao,Wen Ning,et al.2008.Ocean bottom seismometer experiment across Chaoshan Sag in the northern South China Sea[C]//Jin Xianglong,et al.Progress in Chinese Geology andGeophysics Research.Beijing:Ocean Press,494-500.(in Chinesewith English abstract)
Yang Shaokun,Lin Heming and Hao Hujun.2002.Oil and gas exploration prospect of Mesozoic in the eastern part of Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,23(5):28-34.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Yao Bochu,Zeng Weijun,Chen Yizhong,et al.1995.Seismic reflective characteristics of the Mesozoic sediments on the eastern continental margin in the north of the south China Sea[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,15(1):81-90.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhou Di,Wang Wanyin,Pang Xiong,et al.2006.The Mesozoic subduction zone in northeastern South China Sea revealed by geophysics data[J].Science in China Series(D),36(3):209-218.(in Chinese).
陈冰,王家林,钟慧智,等.2005.南海潮汕坳陷前第三纪盆地结构地球物理研究[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),33(9):1275-1280.
陈洁.2007.潮汕坳陷地球物理特征及油气勘探潜力[J].地球物理学进展,22(1):147-155.
郝沪军,林鹤鸣,杨梦雄,等.2001.潮汕坳陷中生界—油气勘探的新领域[J].中国海上油气(地质),15(3):157-163.
黄春菊,周蒂,陈长民,等.2005.深反射地震剖面所揭示的白云凹陷的深部地壳结构[J].科学通报,50(10):1024-1031.
李湘云,吴振利,薛彬,等.2007.SEDIS IV型短周期自浮式海底地震仪及应用体会[J].热带海洋学报,26(5):35-39.
刘光鼎,陈洁.2005.中国前新生代残留盆地油气勘探难点分析及对策[J].地球物理学进展,20(2):1-3.
吕修亚,阎贫,郑红波,等.2008.折射方法在南海北部潮汕坳陷中生界研究中的应用[C]//金翔龙等.中国地质地球物理研究进展——庆贺刘光鼎院士八十华诞.北京:海洋出版社,501-507.
丘学林,赵明辉,叶春明,等.2003.南海东北部海陆联测与海底地震仪探测[J].大地构造与成矿学.27(4):295-299.
邵磊,尤洪庆,郝沪军,等.2007.南海东北部中生界岩石学特征及沉积环境[J].地质评论,53(2):164-169.
苏乃容,曾麟,李平鲁.1995.珠江口盆地东部中生代凹陷地质特征[J].中国海上油气(地质),9(4):228-236.
吴国瑄,王汝建,郝沪军,等.2007.南海北部海相中生界发育的微体化石证据[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,27(1):79-85.
吴振利,阮爱国,李家彪,等.2008.南海中北部地壳深部结构探测新进展[J].华南地震,28(1):21-28.
徐鸣洁,舒良树.2001.中国东南部晚中生代岩浆作用的深部条件制约[J].高校地质学报,7(1):21-33.
阎贫,罗文造,温宁,等.2008.南海北部跨越潮汕凹陷的海底地震仪调查[C]//金翔龙等主编,中国地质地球物理研究进展——庆贺刘光鼎院士八十华诞.北京:海洋出版社,494-500.
杨少坤,林鹤鸣,郝沪军.2002.珠江口盆地东部中生界海相油气勘探前景[J].石油学报,23(5):28-34.
姚伯初,曾维军,陈艺中,等.1995.南海北部陆缘中生代沉积的地震反射特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,15(1):81-90.
周蒂,王万银,庞雄,等.2006.地球物理资料所揭示的南海东北部中生代俯冲增生带[J].中国科学(D),36(3):209-218.
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