震级、震中距和场地条件对反应谱特性影响的统计分析
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摘要
选取世界各地的地震记录共324组,研究了竖向与水平反应谱的比值(V/H)、反应谱峰值周期(Tp)、动力放大系数最大值(βmax)、地震影响系数最大值(αmax)和2水平向峰值周期的差值(△Tp)等参数,以及这些参数与场地类别、震级和震中距的关系．结果表明:1)现行规范中V/H=2/3基本符合实际情况的;2)竖向Tp 略小于相应水平Tp;竖向Tp随震中距和震级增大,场地类别的影响不明显;3)αmax随震中距的增加而减小．当震中距离比较大时,场地条件对αmax值的影响不明显;4)2个水平向反应谱的特征周期存在一定差异,随震级的增大这一差异有增大的趋势．
In this paper, 324 worldwide acceleration recordings were selected to study response spectral characteristics including vertical-to-horizontal (V/H) spectral ratio, spectral characteristics period which was corresponding to peak period (Tp), maximum dynamic amplification coefficient (βmax), the maximum spectral acceleration or maximum seismic effect coefficient (αmax) and the difference between peak periods of two horizontal components (ΔTp). This article also studied the difference of some of these parameters between vertical and horizontal recordings, as well as relationships between these parameters and site conditions, magnitude and epicentral distance. It is concluded from the statistical results that 1) the commonly used value of V/H= 2/3 in current seismic design code is reasonable and acceptable; 2) vertical Tp is usually smaller than horizontal one, and vertical Tp increases with epicentral distance and magnitude increasing, which is almost independent of site conditions; 3) αmax decreases with epicentral distance increasing. The effect of site condition on αmax is insignificant when the epicentral distance is large; 4) There is a certain difference between peak periods of the response spectrum of two horizontal components, which increases slightly with the magnitude increasing.
In this paper, 324 worldwide acceleration recordings were selected to study response spectral characteristics including vertical-to-horizontal (V/H) spectral ratio, spectral characteristics period which was corresponding to peak period (Tp), maximum dynamic amplification coefficient (βmax), the maximum spectral acceleration or maximum seismic effect coefficient (αmax) and the difference between peak periods of two horizontal components (ΔTp). This article also studied the difference of some of these parameters between vertical and horizontal recordings, as well as relationships between these parameters and site conditions, magnitude and epicentral distance. It is concluded from the statistical results that 1) the commonly used value of V/H= 2/3 in current seismic design code is reasonable and acceptable; 2) vertical Tp is usually smaller than horizontal one, and vertical Tp increases with epicentral distance and magnitude increasing, which is almost independent of site conditions; 3) αmax decreases with epicentral distance increasing. The effect of site condition on αmax is insignificant when the epicentral distance is large; 4) There is a certain difference between peak periods of the response spectrum of two horizontal components, which increases slightly with the magnitude increasing.
引文
[1]GB50011-2001．建筑抗震设计规范[S]．北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001．
[2] MCGUIRE R K, SILVA W J, COSTANTINO C J. Technical basis for revision of regulatory guidance on design ground motions: Hazard-and risk-consistent ground motion spectra guidelines[R]. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 2001: 9.
[3]耿淑伟．抗震设计规范中地震作用的规定[D]．北京:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2005． GENG Shu-wei. Strong ground motion input parameters for seismic design[D]. Institute of Engineering Mechanics, Beijing: China Earthquake Administration, 2005. (in Chinese)
[4] BOZORGNIA Y, CAMBELL K W. The vertical-to-horizontal response spectral ratio and tentative procedures for developing simplified V/H vertical design spectra[J]. Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 2004, 8(2): 175-207.
[5] BOZORGNIA Y, NIAZI M. Distance scaling of vertical and horizontal response spectra of the loma prieta earthquake[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Structral Dynamics, Aug 1993, 22: 695-707.
[6] NIAZI M, BOZORGNIA Y. Behaviour of near-source vertical and horizontal response spectra at smart-1 array, taiwan[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 1992, 21(1): 37-50.
[7]周正华,周雍年,卢滔,等．竖向地震动特征研究[J]．地震工程和工程振动,2003,23(3):25-29． ZHOU Zheng-hua, ZHOU Yong-nian, LU Tao, et al. Study on characteristics of vertical ground motion[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 2003, 23(3): 25-29. (in Chinese)
[8] BOZORGNIA Y, CAMPBELL K W, NIAZI M. Observed spectral characteristics of vertical ground motion recorded during worldwide earthquakes from 1957 to 1955. 12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering [proceedings] [computer file], 2000.
[9] WANG Guo-quan. Strong ground motions observed at UPSAR during the 2003 San Simeon Earthquake (M6. 5) and the 2004 Parkfield Earthquake (M6.0). in print
[10] ELGAMAL A, HE L C. Vertical earthquake ground motion records: an overview[J]. Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 2004, 8(5): 663-697.
[11]周锡元,王广军,苏经宇．场地·地基·设计地震[M]．北京:地震出版社,1990．
[12]周雍年．震级、震中距和场地条件对地面运动反应谱的影响[J]．地震工程与工程振动,1984,4(4):14-21． ZHOU Yong-nian. The effects of the seismic magnitudes, the epicentral distances and local soil conditions on the response spectra[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 1984, 4(4): 14-21. (in Chinese)
[13]周锡元,王广军,苏经宇．场地分类和平均反应谱[J]．岩土工程学报,1984,6(5):59-68． ZHOU Xi-yuan, WANG Guang-jun, SU Jing-yu. Site classification and average response spectra[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1984, 4(4): 14-21. (in Chinese)
[14]周正华,周雍年,赵刚．强震近场加速度峰值比和反应谱统计分析[J]．地震工程和工程振动,2002,22(3):15-18． ZHOU Zheng-hua, ZHOU Yong-nian, ZHAO Gang. Statistical analysis of peak ratios and response spectra of near-field ac celerograms[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 2002, 22(3): 15-18. (in Chinese)
[15]倪永军,朱晞．近断层加速度峰值比和反应谱分析[J]．北方交通大学学报,2004,28(4):1-5． NI Yong-jun, ZHU Xi. Analysis of acceleration peak ratios and response spectra for near-field earthquakes[J]. Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University, 2004, 28(4): 1-5. (in Chinese)
[2] MCGUIRE R K, SILVA W J, COSTANTINO C J. Technical basis for revision of regulatory guidance on design ground motions: Hazard-and risk-consistent ground motion spectra guidelines[R]. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 2001: 9.
[3]耿淑伟．抗震设计规范中地震作用的规定[D]．北京:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2005． GENG Shu-wei. Strong ground motion input parameters for seismic design[D]. Institute of Engineering Mechanics, Beijing: China Earthquake Administration, 2005. (in Chinese)
[4] BOZORGNIA Y, CAMBELL K W. The vertical-to-horizontal response spectral ratio and tentative procedures for developing simplified V/H vertical design spectra[J]. Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 2004, 8(2): 175-207.
[5] BOZORGNIA Y, NIAZI M. Distance scaling of vertical and horizontal response spectra of the loma prieta earthquake[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Structral Dynamics, Aug 1993, 22: 695-707.
[6] NIAZI M, BOZORGNIA Y. Behaviour of near-source vertical and horizontal response spectra at smart-1 array, taiwan[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 1992, 21(1): 37-50.
[7]周正华,周雍年,卢滔,等．竖向地震动特征研究[J]．地震工程和工程振动,2003,23(3):25-29． ZHOU Zheng-hua, ZHOU Yong-nian, LU Tao, et al. Study on characteristics of vertical ground motion[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 2003, 23(3): 25-29. (in Chinese)
[8] BOZORGNIA Y, CAMPBELL K W, NIAZI M. Observed spectral characteristics of vertical ground motion recorded during worldwide earthquakes from 1957 to 1955. 12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering [proceedings] [computer file], 2000.
[9] WANG Guo-quan. Strong ground motions observed at UPSAR during the 2003 San Simeon Earthquake (M6. 5) and the 2004 Parkfield Earthquake (M6.0). in print
[10] ELGAMAL A, HE L C. Vertical earthquake ground motion records: an overview[J]. Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 2004, 8(5): 663-697.
[11]周锡元,王广军,苏经宇．场地·地基·设计地震[M]．北京:地震出版社,1990．
[12]周雍年．震级、震中距和场地条件对地面运动反应谱的影响[J]．地震工程与工程振动,1984,4(4):14-21． ZHOU Yong-nian. The effects of the seismic magnitudes, the epicentral distances and local soil conditions on the response spectra[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 1984, 4(4): 14-21. (in Chinese)
[13]周锡元,王广军,苏经宇．场地分类和平均反应谱[J]．岩土工程学报,1984,6(5):59-68． ZHOU Xi-yuan, WANG Guang-jun, SU Jing-yu. Site classification and average response spectra[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1984, 4(4): 14-21. (in Chinese)
[14]周正华,周雍年,赵刚．强震近场加速度峰值比和反应谱统计分析[J]．地震工程和工程振动,2002,22(3):15-18． ZHOU Zheng-hua, ZHOU Yong-nian, ZHAO Gang. Statistical analysis of peak ratios and response spectra of near-field ac celerograms[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 2002, 22(3): 15-18. (in Chinese)
[15]倪永军,朱晞．近断层加速度峰值比和反应谱分析[J]．北方交通大学学报,2004,28(4):1-5． NI Yong-jun, ZHU Xi. Analysis of acceleration peak ratios and response spectra for near-field earthquakes[J]. Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University, 2004, 28(4): 1-5. (in Chinese)
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