青藏高原东北缘盆山结合部位深反射资料处理方法与初步地质认识
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摘要
盆山结合带地质条件复杂、地形起伏大,深地震反射资料具有信噪比低、各种干扰波严重以及速度横向变化大等特点。针对盆山结合部位深反射资料的特点,主要利用ProMAX处理系统对横跨若尔盖盆地和西秦岭造山带结合部位的二维深地震反射资料(简称SP04-2剖面)进行折射静校正、叠前去噪、地表一致性处理、人机交互速度分析、剩余静校正循环迭代处理、地表基准动校正叠加和叠后去噪处理等方法试验研究,形成一套适应盆山结合部位深地震反射资料的处理方法和流程,最终得到SP04-2叠加剖面。该剖面首次揭示出若尔盖盆地—西秦岭造山带盆山结合部位的岩石圈结构,为研究盆山深部接触关系提供了可靠的地震学依据。
The basin-range junction zone has complex surface geological conditions and a rather undulate tomography,where deep seismic reflection data are characterized by a low S/N ratio,strong multifold noises and great lateral variation in velocity.According to the characteristics of these deep seismic reflection data,the authors used the ProMAX processing system to make refraction static correction,pre-stack noise attenuation,surface consistent processing,man-machine interactive velocity analysis,residual static correction circulating iterative processing,NMO based on surface and post-stack noise suppression on the 2-D deep seismic reflection data(or called the Spo4-2 profile) across the junction zone of the Zoigê basin and West Qinling orogen and found a set of processing method and flow process suited to the low S/N ratio deep reflection data of the basin-range junction zone.Finally they got the SP04-2 stacked section.The section for the first time reveals the lithospheric structure of the basin-range junction zone of the Zoigê basin and West Qinling orogen and offer a reliable seismologic basis for studying the contact relationships in the deep interior of the basin-range zone.
The basin-range junction zone has complex surface geological conditions and a rather undulate tomography,where deep seismic reflection data are characterized by a low S/N ratio,strong multifold noises and great lateral variation in velocity.According to the characteristics of these deep seismic reflection data,the authors used the ProMAX processing system to make refraction static correction,pre-stack noise attenuation,surface consistent processing,man-machine interactive velocity analysis,residual static correction circulating iterative processing,NMO based on surface and post-stack noise suppression on the 2-D deep seismic reflection data(or called the Spo4-2 profile) across the junction zone of the Zoigê basin and West Qinling orogen and found a set of processing method and flow process suited to the low S/N ratio deep reflection data of the basin-range junction zone.Finally they got the SP04-2 stacked section.The section for the first time reveals the lithospheric structure of the basin-range junction zone of the Zoigê basin and West Qinling orogen and offer a reliable seismologic basis for studying the contact relationships in the deep interior of the basin-range zone.
引文
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[18]张岳桥,杨农,孟辉,等.四川攀西地区晚新生代构造变形历史与隆升过程初步研究[J].中国地质,2004,31(1):23-33.Zhang Yueqiao,Yang Nong,Meng Hui,et al.Late Cenozoictectonic deformation history and uplift process of the Panxi region,western Sichuan[J].Geology in China,2004,31(1):23-33(inChinese with English abstract).
[2]]李勇,侯中健,司光影,等.青藏高原东缘新生代构造层序与构造事件[J].中国地质,2002,29(1):30-36.Li Yong,Hou Zhongjian,Si Guangying,et.al.Cenozoic tectonicsequence and tectonic events at the eastern margin of the Qinhai-Tibet plateau[J].Geology in China,2002,29(1):30-36(in Chinesewith English abstract).
[3]陈维生,文沛然,长绍华,等.区域地质志[R].四川省地质矿产局.1984.Chen Weisheng,Wen Peiran,Chang Shaohua,et al.RegionalGeolonal of Sichuan Province[R].Sichuan Bureau of Geology andMineral Resources,1984(in Chinese).
[4]李庆忠.关于低信噪比地震资料的基本概念和质量改进方向[J].石油地球物理勘探,1986,21(4):343-364.Li Qingzhong.Basal notion and reformative direction of quality onseismic data of low S/N ratio[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1986,21(4):343-364(in Chinese with English abstract).
[5]吴战培,杜胜明,姚付生,等.山区低信噪比地震资料处理方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(增刊):10-15.Wu Zhanpei,Du shengming,Yao Fusheng,et al.Low S/N ratioseismic data processing method in mountain[J].Oil GeophysicalProspecting,1998,33(supp.):10-15(in Chinese with English abstract).
[6]吴战培.炮点域动校正后F-K滤波[J].石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(3):422-423.Wu Zhanpei.F-K filter after NMO correction on shot gather[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1995,30(3):422-423(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
[7]刘馥,等.地表一致性振幅补偿[J].石油物探信息,1994.Liu Fu,et al.Surface consistent amplitude recovery[J].Oil PhysicalExploration Information,1994(in Chinese with English abstract).
[8]屈智华,叶秋焱,刘旺.中国西部复杂地区地震资料处理[J].物探与化探,2000,24(1):43-50.Qu Zhihua,Ye Qiuyan,Liu Wang.The processing of seismic datafor western China complex arears[J].Geophysical&GeochemicalExploration,2000,24(1):43～50(in Chinese with English abstract).
[9]徐明才,高景华,胡振远.深反射地震资料处理和解释的初步研究[J].物探与化探,1995,19(5):360-368.Xu Mingcai,Gao Jinghua,Hu Zhenyuan.A preliminary study onthe processing and interpretation of deep reflection seismic data[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,1995,19(5):360-368(inChinese with English abstract).
[10]徐明才,高景华.深部地震资料的处理和解释方法[J].物探化探计算技术,1999,21(2):151-158.Xu Mingcai,Gao Jinghua.Methods of processing and interpretationabout the deep seismic data[J].Computing Techniques forGeophysical and Geochemical Exploration,1999,21(2):151-158(inChinese with English abstract).
[11]Brown L D,Wille D M,Zheng L,et al.COCORP:Newperspectives on the deep crust[J].Geophys J.R.AstrSoc,1987,89:47-54.
[12]Brown L D.Lower continental crust:Variations mapped byCOCORP deep profiling[J].Annal.Geophy.,1987,5:325-332.
[13]高锐,黄东定,卢德源,等.横过西昆仑造山带与塔里木盆地结合带的深地震反射剖面[J].科学通报,2000,45(17):1874-1879.Gao Rui,Huang Dongding,Lu Deyuan,et al.Deep seismicreflection profile across the contact zone of west Kunlun orogenand Tarim basin[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2000,45(17):1874-1879(in Chinese).
[14]高锐,肖序常,刘训,等.新疆地学断面深地震反射剖面揭示的西昆仑-塔里木结合带岩石圈细结构[J].地球学报,2001,22(6):547-552.Gao Rui,Xiao Xuchang,Liu Xun,et al.Detail lithosphericstructure of the contact zon of West Kunlun and Tarim revealed bydeep seismic reflection profile along the Xinjiang Geotransect[J].Acta Geoscientia Sinica,2001,22(6):547-552(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
[15]王椿镛,韩渭宾,吴建平,等.松潘-甘孜造山带地壳速度结构[J].地震学报,2003,25(3):229-242.Wang Chunyong,Han Weibin,Wu Jianping,et al.Crustastructure beneath the Songpan-Ganze orogenic belt[J].ActaSeismological Sinica,2003,25(3):229-242(in Chinese with Englishabstract).
[16]李亚东.白龙江地区的逆冲推覆构造[J].甘肃地质学报,1994,3(1):41-49.Li Yadong.On obduction nappe structure of Bailongjiang region[J].Acta Geological Gansu,1994,3(1):41-49(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
[17]李亚林,李三忠,张国伟.秦岭勉略缝合带组成与古洋盆演化[J].中国地质,2002,29(2):129-134.Li Yalin,Li Sanzhong,Zhang Guowei.Composition of theMianlue suture zone and its relation with the evolution of the oldoceanic basin[J].Geology in China,2002,29(2):129-134(in Chinesewith English abstract).
[18]张岳桥,杨农,孟辉,等.四川攀西地区晚新生代构造变形历史与隆升过程初步研究[J].中国地质,2004,31(1):23-33.Zhang Yueqiao,Yang Nong,Meng Hui,et al.Late Cenozoictectonic deformation history and uplift process of the Panxi region,western Sichuan[J].Geology in China,2004,31(1):23-33(inChinese with English abstract).
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