柴达木盆地北缘中生代盆地性质研究——对大柴旦凹陷的解剖
摘要
柴达木盆地北部地区的中生代地层是柴达木盆地油气勘探的重点层系之一。利用地震剖面解释成果和野外地质资料绘制了侏罗纪与白垩纪的地层残余分布图和断裂分布图;利用平衡剖面对地震剖面进行了平衡恢复,恢复了侏罗纪与白垩纪的原始与剥蚀后形态。通过对中生代各期(主要是侏罗纪和白垩纪)残余地层、断裂的分布和地震剖面构造演化的综合分析,认为柴达木盆地北部地区中生代经历了三个不同性质的盆地演化阶段:早侏罗世为伸展环境下的(箕状)断陷盆地,主要表现为一系列小型断陷盆地群;中侏罗世—早白垩世为伸展型坳陷盆地;晚白垩世末盆地受挤压整体隆升,形成古隆起。
The Mesozoic strata are the key of hydrocarbon target in the northern Qaidam Basin.Combined the seismic data and geologic field materials,the residual distribution maps of Jurassic and Cretaceous strata and the fault system maps were generated. Meanwhile,the cross sections before and after erosion in Jurassic and Cretaceous times were revealed by cross section restoration.Based on the synthetic analyses of Jurassic and Cretaceous residual strata distribution,faults systems and cross-section evolution,we proposed that the northern Qaidam Basin experienced three phases of basinal evolution during the Mesozoic:A series of small faulted-basins developed in the Early Jurassic northern Qaidam in an extensional environment;Afterwards,these small faultbounded basins were covered by a larger depression basin in the Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous;During the Late Cretaceous,the northern Qaidam basin was reversed and wholly uplifted,resulting in formation of palaeo-uplifts.
The Mesozoic strata are the key of hydrocarbon target in the northern Qaidam Basin.Combined the seismic data and geologic field materials,the residual distribution maps of Jurassic and Cretaceous strata and the fault system maps were generated. Meanwhile,the cross sections before and after erosion in Jurassic and Cretaceous times were revealed by cross section restoration.Based on the synthetic analyses of Jurassic and Cretaceous residual strata distribution,faults systems and cross-section evolution,we proposed that the northern Qaidam Basin experienced three phases of basinal evolution during the Mesozoic:A series of small faulted-basins developed in the Early Jurassic northern Qaidam in an extensional environment;Afterwards,these small faultbounded basins were covered by a larger depression basin in the Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous;During the Late Cretaceous,the northern Qaidam basin was reversed and wholly uplifted,resulting in formation of palaeo-uplifts.
引文
①青海油田分公司.2006.柴达木盆地柴北缘中生界中、下侏罗统的分布及控制因素.
②浙江大学.2006.江苏油田柴达木区块分析报告.
①浙江大学.2006.江苏油田柴达木区块分析报告.
Chen Mangjiao and Bai Shuyan.2002.Types,characteristics and controlfactors of hydrocarbon pools in northern Qaidam Basin[J].Journalof Jianghan Petroleum Institute,24(2):8-11.(in Chinese withEnglish abstract)
Chen Zhiyong,Xiao Ancheng,Zhou Suping,et al.2005.The main controlfactor for Jurassic distribution in Qaidam Basin[J].Earth ScienceFrontiers,12(3):149-155.(in Chinese with English abstract)
First Geological Survey Team,Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources,Qinghai Province.1980.The Geology Survey Report:Dachaidansheet[R].Beijing:Geological Publishing House.(in Chinese)
Gao Xianzhi,Chen Fajing,Ma Dade,et al.2003.Tectonic evolution ofthe Northern Qaidam basin during Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras[J].Northwestern Geology,36(4):16-23.(in Chinese with Englishabstract)
He Zhonghua,Liu Zhaojun,Guo Wei,et al.2002.The Genetic type ofthe Mesozoic Basin in northern Qaidam and its tectonic-sedimentaryevolution[J].Journal of Jilin University,32(4):333-339.(inChinese with English abstract)
Hu Shouquan,Guo Wenping,Cao Yunjiang,et al.2001.Tectonicframework and structure evolution of Mesozoic and Cenozoic innorthern margin of Qaidam Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,22(1):13-16.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Jin Zhijun,Zhang Mingli,Tang Liangjie,et al.2004.Evolution of Meso-Cenozoic Qaidam basin and its control on oil and gas[J].Oil andGas Geology,25(6):603-608.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu Lin,Song Zhe,Song Xiansheng,et al.2008.Study on therelationships between the structural evolution and sandstone-typeuranium mineralization in Mesozoic era and Cenozoic era in theNorthern of Chaidam Basin[J].Journal of Eastern China Institute ofTechnology,31(4):306-312.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu Yuntian,Yang Shaoyong,Hu Kai,et al.2007.Organic geochemicalfeature of mudstone rock from member 7 strata of Middle Jurassicage in the northern margin of Qaidam Basin and its hydrocarbon-generation potential[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,13(4):703-713.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Ma Jinlong,Li Fengjun and Jia Qingjun.2002.Collisional structures andbasinal deformation in the north Qaidam Basin[J].Petroleum Geologyand Experiment,24(4):291-295.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Qinghai Province.1991.Regional Geology of Qinghai Province[M].Beijing:GeologicalPublishing House.(in Chinese)
Qin Weijun.2006.Distribution of potential petroleum resources andinvert potential of geologic reserves in the eastern fractured basinsof China[J].Petroleum and Petrochemical Today,14(8):21-25.(inChinese with English abstract)
Shen Zhongyan,Xiao Ancheng,Chen Zhiyong,et al.2009.Characteristicsof late Cretaceous faults of the eastern segment of the northernQaidam Basin,NW China[J].Mining Science and Technology,19(1):108-114.
Tang Liangjie,Jin Zhijun,Zhang Mingli,et al.1999.Tectonic evolutionof Qaidam Basin in Sinian-Triassic[J].Scientia Geologica Sinica,34(3):289-300.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Tang Liangjie,Jin Zhijun,Zhang Mingli,et al.2000.Tectonic evolutionand oil(gas)pool-forming stage in northern Qaidam basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,27(2):36-39.(in Chinesewith English abstract)
Wenchen Xia,Ning Zhang,Xiaoping Yuan,et al.2001.Cenozoic Qaidambasin,China:A stronger tectonic inversed,extensional rifted basin[J].AAPG Bulletin,85(4),715-736.
Wu Guangda,Ge Xiaohong,Liu Yongjiang,et al.2006.Mesozoic-Cenozoic structural evolution in Qaidam Basin and its control onhydrocarbon occurrence[J].Global Geology,25(4):411-417.(inChinese with English abstract)
Xia Wenchen,Zhang Bingshan,Zhang Ning,et al.1998.Jurassic tectonicsequences of Qaidam and foreland basin evolution[J].Oil and GasGeology,19(3):173-180.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Xiao Ancheng,Chen Zhiyong,Yang Shufeng,et al.2005.The study ofLate Cretaceous paleostructural characteristics in northern QaidamBasin[J].Earth Science Frontiers.12(4):451-457.(in Chinese withEnglish abstract)
Yang Yongtai,Zhang Baoming,Li Wei,et al.2000.Study of Jurassicstratigraphic sequence and sedimentary facies in north of QaidamBasin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,7(3):145-151.(in Chinese withEnglish abstract)
Zeng Lianbo,Jin Zhijun,Zhang Mingli,et al.2002.The Jurassic basintype and its evolution characteristic in Qaidam basin[J].ActaSedimentologica Sinica,20(2):288-292.(in Chinese with Englishabstract)
Zhou Jianxun,Xu Fengyin and Hu Yong.2003.Mesozoic and Cenozoictectonism and its control on hydrocarbon accumulation in thenorthern Qaidam Basin of China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,24(1):19-24.(in Chinese with English abstract)
陈蟒蛟,白淑艳.2002.柴达木盆地北缘油气藏类型、特征及其控制因素探讨[J].江汉石油学院学报,24(2):8-11.
陈志勇,肖安成,周苏平,等.2005.柴达木盆地侏罗系分布的主控因素研究[J].地学前缘,12(3):149-155.
高先志,陈发景,马达德,等.2003.中、新生代柴达木北缘的盆地类型与构造演化[J].西北地质,36(4):16-23.
和钟桦,刘招君,郭巍,等.2002.柴达木北缘中生代盆地的成因类型及构造沉积演化[J].吉林大学学报,32(4):333-339.
胡受权,郭文平,曹运江,等.2001.柴达木盆地北缘构造格局及在中、新生代的演化[J].新疆石油地质,22(1):13-16.
金之钧,张明利,汤良杰,等.2004.柴达木中新生代盆地演化及其控油气作用[J].石油与天然气地质,25(6):603-608.
刘林,宋哲,宋宪生,等.2008.柴达木盆地北缘中新生代地质构造演化与砂岩铀成矿关系[J].华东理工大学学报,31(4):306-312.
刘云田,杨少勇,胡凯,等.2007.柴达木盆地北缘中侏罗统大煤沟组七段烃源岩有机地球化学特征及生烃潜力[J].高校地质学报,13(4):703-713.
马金龙,李凤君,贾庆军.2002.柴达木盆地北部碰撞构造与盆地改造变形[J].石油实验地质,24(4):291-295.
秦伟军.2006.中国东部断陷盆地石油潜在资源量分布与转化地质储量潜力[J].当代石油化,14(8):21-25.
青海省地质局第一区调队.1980.区域地质调查报告——大柴旦幅[R].北京:地质出版社.
青海省地质矿产局.1991.青海区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社.
汤良杰,金之钧,张明利,等.1999.柴达木震旦纪—三叠纪盆地演化研究[J].地质科学,34(3):289-300.
汤良杰,金之钧,张明利,等.2000.柴达木盆地北缘构造演化与油气成藏阶段[J].石油勘探与开发,27(2):36-39.
吴光大,葛肖虹,刘永江,等.2006.柴达木盆地中、新生代构造演化及其对油气的控制[J].世界地质,25(4):411-417.
夏文臣,张兵山,张宁,等.1998.柴达木侏罗系的构造层序及前陆盆地演化[J].石油与天然气地质,19(3):173-180.
肖安成,陈志勇,杨树锋,等.2005.柴达木盆地北缘晚白至世古构造活动的特征研究[J].地学前缘,12(4):451-457.
杨永泰,张宝民,李伟,瞿辉.2000.柴达木盆地北缘侏罗系层序地层与沉积相研究[J].地学前缘,7(3):145-151.
曾联波,金之钧,张明利,等.2002.柴达木侏罗纪盆地性质及其演化特征[J].沉积学报,20(2):288-292.
周建勋,徐凤银,胡勇.2003.柴达木盆地北缘中、新生代构造变形及其对油气成藏的控制[J].石油学报,24(1):19-24.
②浙江大学.2006.江苏油田柴达木区块分析报告.
①浙江大学.2006.江苏油田柴达木区块分析报告.
Chen Mangjiao and Bai Shuyan.2002.Types,characteristics and controlfactors of hydrocarbon pools in northern Qaidam Basin[J].Journalof Jianghan Petroleum Institute,24(2):8-11.(in Chinese withEnglish abstract)
Chen Zhiyong,Xiao Ancheng,Zhou Suping,et al.2005.The main controlfactor for Jurassic distribution in Qaidam Basin[J].Earth ScienceFrontiers,12(3):149-155.(in Chinese with English abstract)
First Geological Survey Team,Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources,Qinghai Province.1980.The Geology Survey Report:Dachaidansheet[R].Beijing:Geological Publishing House.(in Chinese)
Gao Xianzhi,Chen Fajing,Ma Dade,et al.2003.Tectonic evolution ofthe Northern Qaidam basin during Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras[J].Northwestern Geology,36(4):16-23.(in Chinese with Englishabstract)
He Zhonghua,Liu Zhaojun,Guo Wei,et al.2002.The Genetic type ofthe Mesozoic Basin in northern Qaidam and its tectonic-sedimentaryevolution[J].Journal of Jilin University,32(4):333-339.(inChinese with English abstract)
Hu Shouquan,Guo Wenping,Cao Yunjiang,et al.2001.Tectonicframework and structure evolution of Mesozoic and Cenozoic innorthern margin of Qaidam Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,22(1):13-16.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Jin Zhijun,Zhang Mingli,Tang Liangjie,et al.2004.Evolution of Meso-Cenozoic Qaidam basin and its control on oil and gas[J].Oil andGas Geology,25(6):603-608.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu Lin,Song Zhe,Song Xiansheng,et al.2008.Study on therelationships between the structural evolution and sandstone-typeuranium mineralization in Mesozoic era and Cenozoic era in theNorthern of Chaidam Basin[J].Journal of Eastern China Institute ofTechnology,31(4):306-312.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu Yuntian,Yang Shaoyong,Hu Kai,et al.2007.Organic geochemicalfeature of mudstone rock from member 7 strata of Middle Jurassicage in the northern margin of Qaidam Basin and its hydrocarbon-generation potential[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,13(4):703-713.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Ma Jinlong,Li Fengjun and Jia Qingjun.2002.Collisional structures andbasinal deformation in the north Qaidam Basin[J].Petroleum Geologyand Experiment,24(4):291-295.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Qinghai Province.1991.Regional Geology of Qinghai Province[M].Beijing:GeologicalPublishing House.(in Chinese)
Qin Weijun.2006.Distribution of potential petroleum resources andinvert potential of geologic reserves in the eastern fractured basinsof China[J].Petroleum and Petrochemical Today,14(8):21-25.(inChinese with English abstract)
Shen Zhongyan,Xiao Ancheng,Chen Zhiyong,et al.2009.Characteristicsof late Cretaceous faults of the eastern segment of the northernQaidam Basin,NW China[J].Mining Science and Technology,19(1):108-114.
Tang Liangjie,Jin Zhijun,Zhang Mingli,et al.1999.Tectonic evolutionof Qaidam Basin in Sinian-Triassic[J].Scientia Geologica Sinica,34(3):289-300.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Tang Liangjie,Jin Zhijun,Zhang Mingli,et al.2000.Tectonic evolutionand oil(gas)pool-forming stage in northern Qaidam basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,27(2):36-39.(in Chinesewith English abstract)
Wenchen Xia,Ning Zhang,Xiaoping Yuan,et al.2001.Cenozoic Qaidambasin,China:A stronger tectonic inversed,extensional rifted basin[J].AAPG Bulletin,85(4),715-736.
Wu Guangda,Ge Xiaohong,Liu Yongjiang,et al.2006.Mesozoic-Cenozoic structural evolution in Qaidam Basin and its control onhydrocarbon occurrence[J].Global Geology,25(4):411-417.(inChinese with English abstract)
Xia Wenchen,Zhang Bingshan,Zhang Ning,et al.1998.Jurassic tectonicsequences of Qaidam and foreland basin evolution[J].Oil and GasGeology,19(3):173-180.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Xiao Ancheng,Chen Zhiyong,Yang Shufeng,et al.2005.The study ofLate Cretaceous paleostructural characteristics in northern QaidamBasin[J].Earth Science Frontiers.12(4):451-457.(in Chinese withEnglish abstract)
Yang Yongtai,Zhang Baoming,Li Wei,et al.2000.Study of Jurassicstratigraphic sequence and sedimentary facies in north of QaidamBasin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,7(3):145-151.(in Chinese withEnglish abstract)
Zeng Lianbo,Jin Zhijun,Zhang Mingli,et al.2002.The Jurassic basintype and its evolution characteristic in Qaidam basin[J].ActaSedimentologica Sinica,20(2):288-292.(in Chinese with Englishabstract)
Zhou Jianxun,Xu Fengyin and Hu Yong.2003.Mesozoic and Cenozoictectonism and its control on hydrocarbon accumulation in thenorthern Qaidam Basin of China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,24(1):19-24.(in Chinese with English abstract)
陈蟒蛟,白淑艳.2002.柴达木盆地北缘油气藏类型、特征及其控制因素探讨[J].江汉石油学院学报,24(2):8-11.
陈志勇,肖安成,周苏平,等.2005.柴达木盆地侏罗系分布的主控因素研究[J].地学前缘,12(3):149-155.
高先志,陈发景,马达德,等.2003.中、新生代柴达木北缘的盆地类型与构造演化[J].西北地质,36(4):16-23.
和钟桦,刘招君,郭巍,等.2002.柴达木北缘中生代盆地的成因类型及构造沉积演化[J].吉林大学学报,32(4):333-339.
胡受权,郭文平,曹运江,等.2001.柴达木盆地北缘构造格局及在中、新生代的演化[J].新疆石油地质,22(1):13-16.
金之钧,张明利,汤良杰,等.2004.柴达木中新生代盆地演化及其控油气作用[J].石油与天然气地质,25(6):603-608.
刘林,宋哲,宋宪生,等.2008.柴达木盆地北缘中新生代地质构造演化与砂岩铀成矿关系[J].华东理工大学学报,31(4):306-312.
刘云田,杨少勇,胡凯,等.2007.柴达木盆地北缘中侏罗统大煤沟组七段烃源岩有机地球化学特征及生烃潜力[J].高校地质学报,13(4):703-713.
马金龙,李凤君,贾庆军.2002.柴达木盆地北部碰撞构造与盆地改造变形[J].石油实验地质,24(4):291-295.
秦伟军.2006.中国东部断陷盆地石油潜在资源量分布与转化地质储量潜力[J].当代石油化,14(8):21-25.
青海省地质局第一区调队.1980.区域地质调查报告——大柴旦幅[R].北京:地质出版社.
青海省地质矿产局.1991.青海区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社.
汤良杰,金之钧,张明利,等.1999.柴达木震旦纪—三叠纪盆地演化研究[J].地质科学,34(3):289-300.
汤良杰,金之钧,张明利,等.2000.柴达木盆地北缘构造演化与油气成藏阶段[J].石油勘探与开发,27(2):36-39.
吴光大,葛肖虹,刘永江,等.2006.柴达木盆地中、新生代构造演化及其对油气的控制[J].世界地质,25(4):411-417.
夏文臣,张兵山,张宁,等.1998.柴达木侏罗系的构造层序及前陆盆地演化[J].石油与天然气地质,19(3):173-180.
肖安成,陈志勇,杨树锋,等.2005.柴达木盆地北缘晚白至世古构造活动的特征研究[J].地学前缘,12(4):451-457.
杨永泰,张宝民,李伟,瞿辉.2000.柴达木盆地北缘侏罗系层序地层与沉积相研究[J].地学前缘,7(3):145-151.
曾联波,金之钧,张明利,等.2002.柴达木侏罗纪盆地性质及其演化特征[J].沉积学报,20(2):288-292.
周建勋,徐凤银,胡勇.2003.柴达木盆地北缘中、新生代构造变形及其对油气成藏的控制[J].石油学报,24(1):19-24.
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