歧口凹陷西斜坡沙一段薄储层预测
摘要
歧口凹陷西斜坡沙一下亚段的地震反射同相轴是复杂岩性的综合地震响应,不具备等时性,不能利用追踪地震同相轴和常规反演方法预测储层分布。针对该地区沙一下亚段储层单层厚度薄、横向岩相变化快的特点,首先采用沉积旋回分析法将所研究的目的层划分出3个五级高频旋回层序,并归纳了岩相序列模式;再利用有色反演沿层切片法,检测出薄互层地层中高波阻抗体的形态及其在时间域上的变化;最后以岩相序列模式分析法解释反演结果,实现了五级高频旋回层序内的岩相重构,最终预测出该地区沙一下亚段厚度为3～9m的生物碎屑灰岩薄储层的平面分布,达到了储层分布预测的目的。研究表明,对于薄层、多种高波阻抗岩性共存的地层,应用地质-地球物理信息的岩相重构方法可以减少地震储层预测中的多解性风险。
The seismic reflection event of the lower Es1 member in the western ramp of Qikou depression is a sort of comprehensive seismic response in complex lithology.Due to its poor isochronous properties,the reservoirs distribution cannot be predicted by technology of seismic reflection event and traditional inversion.According to the features of thin layer and quick changes in spatial of bioclastic limestone in the western ramp of Qikou depression,the lower Es1 member of Shahejie formation was divided into three high frequency sequences cycles of fifth-order by sedimentary cycle analysis.Its sedimentary patterns in vertical sequence were concluded.Then,the continuous change of high impedance body in time-domain was detected by colored inversion amplitude map technique.Finally,large-scale lithofacies of every fifth-order cycle are reconstructed with the combination of geological and geophysical information on the guidance of sedimentary patterns,and the distribution of bioclastic limestone in the layers with thickness of 3-9 m was predicted.The method of multi-information lithofacies reconstruction can lessen the risk of reservoir prediction effectively.
The seismic reflection event of the lower Es1 member in the western ramp of Qikou depression is a sort of comprehensive seismic response in complex lithology.Due to its poor isochronous properties,the reservoirs distribution cannot be predicted by technology of seismic reflection event and traditional inversion.According to the features of thin layer and quick changes in spatial of bioclastic limestone in the western ramp of Qikou depression,the lower Es1 member of Shahejie formation was divided into three high frequency sequences cycles of fifth-order by sedimentary cycle analysis.Its sedimentary patterns in vertical sequence were concluded.Then,the continuous change of high impedance body in time-domain was detected by colored inversion amplitude map technique.Finally,large-scale lithofacies of every fifth-order cycle are reconstructed with the combination of geological and geophysical information on the guidance of sedimentary patterns,and the distribution of bioclastic limestone in the layers with thickness of 3-9 m was predicted.The method of multi-information lithofacies reconstruction can lessen the risk of reservoir prediction effectively.
引文
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[2]王濮,金振奎,李国发,等.薄层生物碎屑灰岩的地震属性检测[J].石油物探,2007,46(4):390-393.WANG Pu,JIN Zhen-kui,LI Guo-fa,et al.Detection of thin-layer biodastic limestone based on seismic attributes[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2007,46(4):390-393.
[3]郑浚茂.黄骅坳陷第三系沉积相及沉积环境[M].北京:地质出版社,1987.
[4]大港油田地质志编委.中国石油地质志(卷四)(大港油田)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1986.
[5]李庆忠.论地震约束反演的策略[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(4):423-438.LI Qing-zhong.On strategy of seismic restricted inversion[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1998,33(4):423-438.
[6]刘震.储层地震地层学[M].北京:地质出版社,1997:83-94.
[7]许淑梅,翟世奎,李三忠,等.歧口凹陷滩海区下第三系层序地层分析及沉积体系研究[J].沉积学报,2001,19(3):363-367.XUShu-mei,ZHAI Shi-kui,LI San-zhong,et al.An a-nalysis on sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary system of early neocene in Qikou sag[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2001,19(3):363-367.
[8]LANCASTER S,WHITCOMBE D.Fast-track‘colored’inversion[C]//70th Ann Internat Mtg Soc of Expl Geo-phys,2000:1572-1575.
[9]BROWN L F,FISHER W L.Seismic stratigraphic inter-pretation of depositional systems:examples from Brazilian Rift and pull-apart basin[C]//PAYTON C E,et al.Seismic stratigrasphy—applications to hydrocarbon explo-ration.AAPG,1977,26:213-248.
[10]WOOD Lesli J,HENTZ T,ZENG H,et al.Applying sequence stratigraphy and seismic stratal slice technolo-gy in the Gulf of Mexico[M].United states:Gas Tips,Hart Energy Publishing,2003:10-21.
[11]凌云研究组.储层演化地震分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(6):672-678.LING Yun Research Group.Seismic analysis of reservoir evolution[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2004,39(6):672-678.
[12]ZENG H L,TUCKER F Hentz.High-frequency se-quence stratigraphy from seismic sedimentology[J].AAPG Bulletin,2004,88(2):153-174.
[13]冯增昭.单因素分析多因素综合作图法——定量岩相古地理重建[J].古地理学报,2004,6(1):3-19.FENG Zeng-zhao.Single factor analysis and multifactor comprehensive mapping method—reconstruction of quan-titative lithofacies palaeogeography[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2004,6(1):3-19.
[14]王鸿祯,史晓颖.沉积层序及海平面旋回的分类级别——旋回周期的成因讨论[J].现代地质,1998,12(1):1-16.WANG Hong-zhen,SHI Xiao-ying.Hierarchy of deposi-tional sequences and eustatic cycles a discussion on the mechanism of sedimentary cycles[J].Geoscience,1998,12(1):1-16.
[15]梅冥相,高金汉.岩石地层的相分析方法与原理[M].北京:地质出版社,2005:141-184.
[16]VAIL P R.Seismic stratigraphy interpretation using se-quence stratigraphy,Perl:stratigraphy interpretation procedure[C]//BALLY AW.Atalas of seismic stratig-raphy.AAPG,Studies in Geology,1987,27:1-8.
[17]张立勤,彭苏萍,李国发,等.利用方位AVO技术检测储层各向异性的方法与实践[J].天然气工业,2005,25(10):38-40.ZHANG Li-qin,PENG Su-ping,LI Guo-fa,et al.The method and practice of detecting reservoir anisotropy with3-D P-wave azimuth AVO[J].Natural Gas Indus-try,2005,25(10):38-40.
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