DEMETER电磁卫星高能粒子在汶川地震中的初步应用
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摘要
本文利用法国DEMETER电磁卫星的IDP粒子探测器数据,以汶川地震为例,在尽可能排除太阳活动和地磁活动干扰的情况下,分析了汶川地震前后高能粒子日变化情况,探索其作为汶川地震前兆信息的可能性.分别采用了时间序列统计分析、空间对比分析和重访轨道对比分析等方法.结果显示5月6日100～600KeV能谱段的粒子通量增幅强度高达6σ,异常区域集中在震中的西北部区域约47°N～53°N,91°E～93°E之间,考虑到磁壳指数L约1.8～2.0之间,这一增幅现象可能是由于高能质子受地磁场扰动影响向西加速漂移的结果.同时对比6日100～500KeV能谱段通量与其前三个月的重访轨道背景场,得出6日谱通量明显高于其重访轨道背景场一个数量级.最后,对于以上现象可能的物理机制进行了相关讨论.
his paper aims to rule out the sun activity and geomagnetic disturbance as much as possible,we analyzed the data close-by Wenchuan earthquake(May 12,2008) and the flux data detected by IDP,which was installed on board of the DEMETER satellite to study the possibility that energetic partical anomalies as the precursor information of earthquakes.We found that the spectrum at 100～600 KeV energy range in the regin(47°N～53°N,91°E～ 93°E) on May 6 is obviously increased to 6σ.Considering the L value at 1.8～2.0,so we think the local anomalies is because of the drift of protons from east to west.While we contrast the May 6 flux data to the last three months bankground data,learning that the May 6 flux is a higher order of magnitude.At last,we discuss the possible physical mechanism of the results above.
his paper aims to rule out the sun activity and geomagnetic disturbance as much as possible,we analyzed the data close-by Wenchuan earthquake(May 12,2008) and the flux data detected by IDP,which was installed on board of the DEMETER satellite to study the possibility that energetic partical anomalies as the precursor information of earthquakes.We found that the spectrum at 100～600 KeV energy range in the regin(47°N～53°N,91°E～ 93°E) on May 6 is obviously increased to 6σ.Considering the L value at 1.8～2.0,so we think the local anomalies is because of the drift of protons from east to west.While we contrast the May 6 flux data to the last three months bankground data,learning that the May 6 flux is a higher order of magnitude.At last,we discuss the possible physical mechanism of the results above.
引文
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[15]Fidani C.The earthquake lights(EQL)of the6April2009 Aquila earthquake in Central Italy[J].Nat.Hazards Earth Syst.Sci.,2010,10(5):967-978.
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[18]Fidani C,Battiston R,Burger W J.A study of the correlation between earthquakes and NOAA satellite energetic particle bursts[J].Remote Sensing,2010,2(9):2170-2184.
[19]宋丽敏,张军,杨志良,等.对地日冕物质抛射研究[J].天文学进展,2002,20(1):33-44.Song L M,Zhang J,Yang Z L,et al.Earth-directed coronal mass ejection[J].Progress in Astronomy(in Chinese),2002,20(1):33-44.
[20]Baumjohann W,Treumann R A.Basic Space Plasma Physics[M].College:Imperical College Press,1997.
[21]Pulinets S A,Boyarchuk K A,Hegai V V,et al.Quasielectrostatic model of atmosphere-thermosphere-ionosphere coupling[J].Adc.Space.Res.,2000,26(8):1209-1218.
[22]Sauvaud J A,Moreau T,Maggiolo R,et al.High-energy electron detection onboard Demeter:The IDP spectrometer,description and first results on the inner belt[J].Planetary and Space Science,2006,54(5):502-511.
[23]黄建平,刘静,欧阳新艳,等.智利8.8级地震前后高能粒子数据变化分析[J].地震地质,2010,32(3):417-423.Huang J P,Liu J,Ouyang X Y,et al.Analysis to the energetic particles around the M8.8Chili earthquake[J].Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),2010,32(3):417-423.
[24]Walt M.Introduction to Geomagnetically Trapped Radiation[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University,1994.
[2]Warwick J W,Stoker C,Meye T R.Radio emission associatedwith rock fracture:possible application to the great Chileanearthquack of May 22,1960[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1982,87(B4):2851-2859.
[3]Pulinets S,Boyarchuk K.Ionoshperic Precursors of Earthquacks[M].New York:Springer,2004.
[4]Gokhberg M B,Morgunov V A,Yoshino T,et al.Experimentalmeasurement of electromagnetic emissions possibly related toearthquakes in Japan[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1982,87(B9):7824-7828.
[5]曾中超,张蓓,方广有,等.利用DEMETER卫星数据分析汶川地震前的电离层异常.地球物理学报,2009,52(1):11-19.Zeng Z C,Zhang B,Fang G Y,et al.The analysis ofionospheric variations before Wenchuan earthquake withDEMETER data[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(1):11-19.
[6]何宇飞,杨冬梅,陈化然,等.DEMETER卫星探测到可能与汶川地震有关的地面VLF发射站信号的信噪比变化[J].中国科学D辑(地球科学),2009,39(4):403-412.He Y F,Yang D M,Chen H R,et al.the change of the VLFsignal-to-noise ratio detected by DEMETER satellite may berelated to the wenchuan earthquake[J].Science in China(inChinese),2009,39(4):403-412.
[7]张学民,申旭辉,欧阳新艳,等.汶川8.0级地震前空间电离层VLF电场异常现象[J].电波科学学报,2009,24(6):1024-1032.Zhang X M,Shen X H,Ouyang X Y,et al.Ionosphere VLFelectric field anomalies before Wenchuan M 8earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Radio Science(in Chinese),2009,24(6):1024-1032.
[8]Liu J Y,Chen Y I,Chen C H,et al.Seismoionospheric GPStotal electron content anomalies observed before the 12 May2008Mw7.9 Wenchuan earthquake[J].J.Geophys.Res.,2009,114,A04320.
[9]李新乔,马玉蒨,王焕玉,等.空间电磁卫星的粒子探测与汶川地震[J].地球物理学报,2010,52(10):2337-2344.Li X Q,Ma Y Q,Wang H Y,et al.Observation of particalon space electro-magnetic satellite during Wenchuan earquake[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2010,52(10):2337-2344.
[10]Galper A M,Grachev V M,Dmitrenko V V,et al.Study ofhigh-energy electron fluxes on board INTERCOSMOSBULGARIA1300satellite[J].Cosmic Res.,1983,21(5):707-709.
[11]Galper A M,Dmitrenko V V,Nikitina N V,et al.Interrelationof fluxes of high energy charged particles in radiation beltwith seismicity of Earth[J].Cosmic Res.,1989,27(5):789-792.
[12]Aleksandrin S,Forzan F,Galper A,et al.Origin of high-energy charged particle bursts in the nearEarth space[J].ICRC.,2001:4144-4147.
[13]Aleksandrin S Y,Galper A M,Grishantzeva L A,et al.High-energy charged particle bursts in the near-Earth spaceas earthquake precursors[J].Annales Geophysice.,2003,21(2):597-602.
[14]Sgrigna V,Carota L,Conti L,et al.Correlations between earthquakes and anomalous particle bursts from SAMPEX/PET satellite observations[J].Journal of Atmospkeric and Solar-Treeestrial Physics,2005,67(15):1448-1462.
[15]Fidani C.The earthquake lights(EQL)of the6April2009 Aquila earthquake in Central Italy[J].Nat.Hazards Earth Syst.Sci.,2010,10(5):967-978.
[16]Fidani C,Battiston R.Analysis of NOAA particle data and correlations to seismic activity[J].Natural Hazards and Earth System Science,2008,8(6):1277-1291.
[17]Fidani C,Battiston R,Burger W,et al.A study of NOAA particle flux sensitivity to solar activity and strategies to search for correlations among satellite data and earthquake phenomena[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,2012,33(15):4796-4814.
[18]Fidani C,Battiston R,Burger W J.A study of the correlation between earthquakes and NOAA satellite energetic particle bursts[J].Remote Sensing,2010,2(9):2170-2184.
[19]宋丽敏,张军,杨志良,等.对地日冕物质抛射研究[J].天文学进展,2002,20(1):33-44.Song L M,Zhang J,Yang Z L,et al.Earth-directed coronal mass ejection[J].Progress in Astronomy(in Chinese),2002,20(1):33-44.
[20]Baumjohann W,Treumann R A.Basic Space Plasma Physics[M].College:Imperical College Press,1997.
[21]Pulinets S A,Boyarchuk K A,Hegai V V,et al.Quasielectrostatic model of atmosphere-thermosphere-ionosphere coupling[J].Adc.Space.Res.,2000,26(8):1209-1218.
[22]Sauvaud J A,Moreau T,Maggiolo R,et al.High-energy electron detection onboard Demeter:The IDP spectrometer,description and first results on the inner belt[J].Planetary and Space Science,2006,54(5):502-511.
[23]黄建平,刘静,欧阳新艳,等.智利8.8级地震前后高能粒子数据变化分析[J].地震地质,2010,32(3):417-423.Huang J P,Liu J,Ouyang X Y,et al.Analysis to the energetic particles around the M8.8Chili earthquake[J].Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),2010,32(3):417-423.
[24]Walt M.Introduction to Geomagnetically Trapped Radiation[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University,1994.
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