惠民凹陷西部沙四下亚段冲积扇沉积类型与成因分析
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摘要
本文在岩心观察和描述的基础上,结合地震、测井等资料及平面上砂体的分布形态,对惠民凹陷西部沙四下亚段的沉积特征及成因进行了研究。认为研究区沙四下亚段主要发育冲积扇沉积的泥石流扇和辫状河扇两种类型,共识别出了6种沉积微相。宁南断层和无南断层下降盘发育大面积的辫状河扇沉积。砂体垂直岸线分布,延伸距离较远。平面上分布呈扇形,沉积相带分异不明显,主要沉积微相为辫状河道、河道砂坝与河道间沉积。邻近齐广断层断崖处发育泥石流扇沉积,砂体不甚发育,与辫状河扇相比,该沉积类型砾岩富集,扇体规模较小。相带变化比较明显,主要沉积微相为泥石流沉积、河道沉积与漫流沉积。该沉积体系的形成主要受构造活动、古地貌、物源区性质与古气候等因素的影响,断裂活动是该沉积体系形成的决定性因素。
Two types of depositional systems are identified for the lower submember of the fourth member of the Shahejie Formation in the Huimin depression,Shandong,including the debris flow fan and braided stream fan.The braided stream fan deposits are well developed on the downthrown sides of the Ningnan fault and Wunan fault.In a planar view,they display the fan shape,and extend over a wide range of scale.The interchannel flood plain and crevasse splay deposits are less developed,and the sedimentary facies belts are less differentiated.The channel lag deposits and channel sandbar deposits are interpreted as the main sediment types.The debris flow fan deposits occur near the fault scarp of the Qiguang fault,and consist of the proximal fan,mid-fan and terminal fan subfacies.In comparison with the braided stream fan deposits,the debris flow fan deposits are characterized by the enrichment of conglomerate,smaller scales of fans,and sharp facies changes.The controlling factors for the formation of this type of depositional systems contain tectonism,palaeogeomorphology and palaeoclimates,especially active faulting.
Two types of depositional systems are identified for the lower submember of the fourth member of the Shahejie Formation in the Huimin depression,Shandong,including the debris flow fan and braided stream fan.The braided stream fan deposits are well developed on the downthrown sides of the Ningnan fault and Wunan fault.In a planar view,they display the fan shape,and extend over a wide range of scale.The interchannel flood plain and crevasse splay deposits are less developed,and the sedimentary facies belts are less differentiated.The channel lag deposits and channel sandbar deposits are interpreted as the main sediment types.The debris flow fan deposits occur near the fault scarp of the Qiguang fault,and consist of the proximal fan,mid-fan and terminal fan subfacies.In comparison with the braided stream fan deposits,the debris flow fan deposits are characterized by the enrichment of conglomerate,smaller scales of fans,and sharp facies changes.The controlling factors for the formation of this type of depositional systems contain tectonism,palaeogeomorphology and palaeoclimates,especially active faulting.
引文
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[3]兰亚萍,李勇,丘东洲,等.黄骅坳陷孔南地区孔店组冲积扇沉积特征及地质意义[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2009,29(4):22-28.
[4]STANISTREET I G,MCCARTHY T S.The Okavango Fan andthe classification of subaerial fan systems[J].SedimentaryGeology,1993,85(1):115-133.
[5]王秉海,钱凯.胜利油区地质研究与勘探实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992.
[6]袁静.济阳坳陷南部古近系洪水-漫湖沉积[J].中国地质,2005,32(4):655-622.
[7]杨剑萍,操应长.惠民凹陷西部下第三系沙四段下部洪水-漫湖沉积特征[J].石油大学学报,1993,2002,26(6):17-20.
[8]杨剑萍,许正豪,姜在兴,等.山东惠民凹陷中央隆起带古近系沙河街组层序地层特征及控制因素研究[J].沉积学报,2003,21(4):670-674.
[9]郑德顺,吴智平,李凌,等.惠民凹陷中生代和新生代断层发育特征及其对沉积的控制作用[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2004,28(5):6-12.
[10]陈洁.济阳孔店转型期识别标志及盆地特征[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(1):108-112.
[11]张鑫,张金亮.惠民凹陷中央隆起带沙四上亚段滩坝与风暴岩组合沉积[J].沉积学报,2009,27(2):246-253.
[12]刘疆,白志强.广西横县六景古近纪冲积物研究[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2008,28(3):89-95.
[13]谭明友.渤海湾盆地东营-惠民凹陷孔店期原型盆地分析[J].石油与天然气地质,2003,25(4):348-352.
[14]陈萍.泌阳凹陷陡坡带砂砾岩体预测[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(2):198-200.
[15]袁静,赵澄林,张善文.东营凹陷沙四段盐湖的深水成因模式[J].沉积学报,2000,18(1):114-118.
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