长白山天池火山近期气体地球化学的异常变化
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摘要
气体地球化学监测结果显示,2002—2003年地幔来源CO2、He和CH4的含量出现明显的异常变化;2003年火山区深断裂型泉群逸出气体He的3He/4He比值都出现了异常升高,2004年该比值明显降低。热储型长白聚龙泉群逸出He中3He/4He比值2003年上升缓慢,2004年持续上升,其中逸出He中幔源He含量在2004年明显增加。2002—2004年天池火山区逸出气体及其He同位素异常变化与该区地震活动呈一定的对应关系,其中锦江泉群在2004年下半年地震活动趋势减弱后,异常明显减弱;而长白聚龙泉群在地震活动减弱后,异常反而明显增加,显示热储型泉群岩浆来源气体异常释放明显滞后于深断裂型泉点。上述异常特征对识别和判定火山区深部岩浆异常活动及预测未来火山地震可能有重要意义。
The recent fluid monitoring shows that mantle-derived CO_2,He and CH_4 content increased anomalously in 2002 and 2003. The 3He/4He ratio of deep-fault-type Jinjiang hot springs increased highly anomalously in 2003, and than decreased in 2004. That ratio from thermal-reservoir-type Changbaijulong hot springs increased slowly in 2003, and also increased continuously in 2004. Mantle-derived He content of releasing He from Changbaijulong springs increased obviously in 2004. The changes of releasing gases and He isotope corresponded to the trend of seismic activities in Tianchi volcanic area to a certain extent between 2002 and 2003. The abnormal release of Jinjiang decreased apparently after the seismic activities decreased in next half year of 2004, but the abnormal release from Changbaijulong increased highly after these seismic activities. It shows that the abnormal release of magmas-derived gases from thermal-reservoir-type springs lags behind that of the deep-fault-type springs. These characteristics are of great significance for identifying deep magmatic activity and predicting volcanic earthquake in the future.
The recent fluid monitoring shows that mantle-derived CO_2,He and CH_4 content increased anomalously in 2002 and 2003. The 3He/4He ratio of deep-fault-type Jinjiang hot springs increased highly anomalously in 2003, and than decreased in 2004. That ratio from thermal-reservoir-type Changbaijulong hot springs increased slowly in 2003, and also increased continuously in 2004. Mantle-derived He content of releasing He from Changbaijulong springs increased obviously in 2004. The changes of releasing gases and He isotope corresponded to the trend of seismic activities in Tianchi volcanic area to a certain extent between 2002 and 2003. The abnormal release of Jinjiang decreased apparently after the seismic activities decreased in next half year of 2004, but the abnormal release from Changbaijulong increased highly after these seismic activities. It shows that the abnormal release of magmas-derived gases from thermal-reservoir-type springs lags behind that of the deep-fault-type springs. These characteristics are of great significance for identifying deep magmatic activity and predicting volcanic earthquake in the future.
引文
①吴建平等,2005,长白山天池火山地震监测研究报告。
戴金星,宋岩,戴春森,等.1995.中国东部无机成因气及其气藏形成条件[M].北京:科学出版社.22—45.DAI Jin-xing,SONG Yan,DAI Chun-seng,et al.1995.Inorganic-cause gas and the formation condition of gas reser-voirs in Eastern China[M].Science Press,Beijing.22—45(in Chinese).
杜建国,李圣强,刘连柱,等.1999.五大连池火山区气体地球化学特征[J].地球化学,28(2):171—175.DU Jian-guo,LI Sheng-qiang,LIU Lian-zhu,et al.1999.Geochemistry of gases from Wudalianchi volcanic district,Northeast China[J].Geochimica,28(2):171—175(in Chinese).
林元武,高清武,于清桐.1999.长白山天池火山区地下热流体化学特征研究[J].地质论评,45:241—247.LIN Yuan-wu,GAO Qing-wu,YU Qing-tong.1999.Underground fluid geochemical characteristics in Changbaishanvolcanic area[J].Geology Review,45:241—247.
刘嘉麒.1999.中国火山[M].北京:科学出版社.187—193.LIU Jia-qi.1999.The Volcanoes in China[M].Science Press,Beijing.187—193(in Chinese).
刘若新,魏海泉,李继泰,等.1998.长白山天池火山近代喷发[M].北京:科学出版社.19—27.LIU Ruo-xin,WEI Hai-quan,LI Ji-tai,et al.1998.Recent Eruptions of the Changbaishan Tianchi Volcano[M].Science Press,Beijing.19—27(in Chinese).
刘若新.1995.火山作用与人类环境[M].北京:地震出版社.1—13.LIU Ruo-xin.1995.Volcanism and Human Environment[M].Seismological Press,Beijing.1—13(in Chinese).
上官志冠.1997.长白山天池火山地热区逸出气体的物质来源[J].中国科学,27(4):318—324.SHANGGUAN Zhi-guan.1997.The origin of gas release in Changbaishan Tianchi volcanic area[J].Science in Chi-na,27(4):318—324(in Chinese).
上官志冠.1996.长白山天池火山区深部流体成分及其稳定同位素组成[J].地质科学,31(1):54—64.SHANGGUAN Zhi-guan.1996.Compositions and stable isotope constitution of subsurface fluids in Changbaishan Tian-chi volcano[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,31(1):54—64(in Chinese).
汤吉,刘铁胜,江钊,等.1997.长白山天池火山区大地电磁测深初步观测[J].地震地质,19(2):164—170.TANG Ji,LIUTie-sheng,JIANG Zhao,et al.1997.The preliminary observation of field electromagnetism[J].Seis-mology and Geology,19(2):164—170(in Chinese).
王先彬.1989.稀有气体同位素地球化学和宇宙化学[M].北京:科学出版社.66—226.WANG Xian-bin.1989.Noble Gas Isotope Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry[M].Science Press,Beijing.66—226(in Chinese).
吴建平,明跃红,张恒荣.2005.2002年夏季长白山天池火山区的地震活动研究[J].地球物理学报,48(3):621—628.WU Jian-ping,MING Yue-hong,ZHANG Heng-rong.2005.Study on the seismicity of the Changbaishan Tianchi vol-cano area in the summer of2002[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,48(3):621—628(in Chinese).
张立敏,唐晓旺.1983.西太平洋俯冲板块运动与中国东北深震带[J].地球物理学报,4:331—340.ZHANG Li-min,TANG Xiao-wang.1983.The underthrusting movement of the western Pacific plate and the deep focusearthquake zone of northeast China[J].Chinese J Geophys,4:331—340(in Chinese).
Allard P,Baptiste P,Alessandro W D,et al.1997.Mantle-derived helium and carbon in groundwarters and gases ofMount Etna,Italy[J].Earth and Planet Sci Lett,148:501—516.
Jianguo Du,Congqiang Liu,Bihong Fu,et al.2005.Variations of geothermometry and chemical-isotopic composition ofhot spring fluids in the Rehai geothermal field,southwestern China[J].Journal of Volcanology and GeothermalResearch,143(3/4):243—261.
Sano Y and Wakita H.1985.Geographical distribution of3He/4He ratios in Japan:implications for arc tectonics andincipient magmatism[J].Geophys Res,90:8729—8741.
Sparks R S J.2003.Forecasting volcanoes[J].Earth Planet Sci Lett,210(1—2):1—15.
D Alessandro W.1997.Chemical and isotopic characterization of the gases of Mount Etna(Italy)[J].Journal of Vol-canology and Geothermal Research,78:65—76.
戴金星,宋岩,戴春森,等.1995.中国东部无机成因气及其气藏形成条件[M].北京:科学出版社.22—45.DAI Jin-xing,SONG Yan,DAI Chun-seng,et al.1995.Inorganic-cause gas and the formation condition of gas reser-voirs in Eastern China[M].Science Press,Beijing.22—45(in Chinese).
杜建国,李圣强,刘连柱,等.1999.五大连池火山区气体地球化学特征[J].地球化学,28(2):171—175.DU Jian-guo,LI Sheng-qiang,LIU Lian-zhu,et al.1999.Geochemistry of gases from Wudalianchi volcanic district,Northeast China[J].Geochimica,28(2):171—175(in Chinese).
林元武,高清武,于清桐.1999.长白山天池火山区地下热流体化学特征研究[J].地质论评,45:241—247.LIN Yuan-wu,GAO Qing-wu,YU Qing-tong.1999.Underground fluid geochemical characteristics in Changbaishanvolcanic area[J].Geology Review,45:241—247.
刘嘉麒.1999.中国火山[M].北京:科学出版社.187—193.LIU Jia-qi.1999.The Volcanoes in China[M].Science Press,Beijing.187—193(in Chinese).
刘若新,魏海泉,李继泰,等.1998.长白山天池火山近代喷发[M].北京:科学出版社.19—27.LIU Ruo-xin,WEI Hai-quan,LI Ji-tai,et al.1998.Recent Eruptions of the Changbaishan Tianchi Volcano[M].Science Press,Beijing.19—27(in Chinese).
刘若新.1995.火山作用与人类环境[M].北京:地震出版社.1—13.LIU Ruo-xin.1995.Volcanism and Human Environment[M].Seismological Press,Beijing.1—13(in Chinese).
上官志冠.1997.长白山天池火山地热区逸出气体的物质来源[J].中国科学,27(4):318—324.SHANGGUAN Zhi-guan.1997.The origin of gas release in Changbaishan Tianchi volcanic area[J].Science in Chi-na,27(4):318—324(in Chinese).
上官志冠.1996.长白山天池火山区深部流体成分及其稳定同位素组成[J].地质科学,31(1):54—64.SHANGGUAN Zhi-guan.1996.Compositions and stable isotope constitution of subsurface fluids in Changbaishan Tian-chi volcano[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,31(1):54—64(in Chinese).
汤吉,刘铁胜,江钊,等.1997.长白山天池火山区大地电磁测深初步观测[J].地震地质,19(2):164—170.TANG Ji,LIUTie-sheng,JIANG Zhao,et al.1997.The preliminary observation of field electromagnetism[J].Seis-mology and Geology,19(2):164—170(in Chinese).
王先彬.1989.稀有气体同位素地球化学和宇宙化学[M].北京:科学出版社.66—226.WANG Xian-bin.1989.Noble Gas Isotope Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry[M].Science Press,Beijing.66—226(in Chinese).
吴建平,明跃红,张恒荣.2005.2002年夏季长白山天池火山区的地震活动研究[J].地球物理学报,48(3):621—628.WU Jian-ping,MING Yue-hong,ZHANG Heng-rong.2005.Study on the seismicity of the Changbaishan Tianchi vol-cano area in the summer of2002[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,48(3):621—628(in Chinese).
张立敏,唐晓旺.1983.西太平洋俯冲板块运动与中国东北深震带[J].地球物理学报,4:331—340.ZHANG Li-min,TANG Xiao-wang.1983.The underthrusting movement of the western Pacific plate and the deep focusearthquake zone of northeast China[J].Chinese J Geophys,4:331—340(in Chinese).
Allard P,Baptiste P,Alessandro W D,et al.1997.Mantle-derived helium and carbon in groundwarters and gases ofMount Etna,Italy[J].Earth and Planet Sci Lett,148:501—516.
Jianguo Du,Congqiang Liu,Bihong Fu,et al.2005.Variations of geothermometry and chemical-isotopic composition ofhot spring fluids in the Rehai geothermal field,southwestern China[J].Journal of Volcanology and GeothermalResearch,143(3/4):243—261.
Sano Y and Wakita H.1985.Geographical distribution of3He/4He ratios in Japan:implications for arc tectonics andincipient magmatism[J].Geophys Res,90:8729—8741.
Sparks R S J.2003.Forecasting volcanoes[J].Earth Planet Sci Lett,210(1—2):1—15.
D Alessandro W.1997.Chemical and isotopic characterization of the gases of Mount Etna(Italy)[J].Journal of Vol-canology and Geothermal Research,78:65—76.
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