利用综合物探方法探测地下水流通道
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摘要
尽管充电法需要充电点,但对已知进口或出口的浅埋藏地下水流通道,追踪其走向,该法具有简单、直观、快速的优点.自然电位法对隐伏的地下流体表现突出,但干扰异常多,不易分辨.充电法和自然电位法均可对异常进行定性判断,但不能很好确定地下水流通道的空间分布特征.高密度电法可获得近地表较为精细的空间电性分布.对断层控制下形成的地下水流通道,宜采用浅层地震反射法.当场地受限,探测深度大,需要精细探测时,可采用跨孔电磁波透视.但高密度电法、浅层地震反射法、跨孔电磁波透视法不能对异常进行定性判断.结合探测实例,考虑不同的地质条件和探测成本,对如何选择最佳的组合方法来探测地下水流通道,确定异常性质及其空间分布特征进行了探讨.
When an intake or an outfall of a shallow buried groundwater conduit exists,it is a simple,direct and fast way to trace its direction with the mise-a-la-masse method,even though the charging current position is needed.The self-potential method is good at buried underground flow prospecting,but with too much noise and low resolution.Although lacking for detecting the spatial distribution of groundwater conduits,both mise-a-la-masse and self-potential methods can estimate anomalous features.High density resistivity method can obtain detailed spatial resistivity distribution near the surface.It is wise to introduce shallow seismic reflection method to the exploration of buried groundwater conduits controlled by faults.In case of limited surveying site,great prospecting depth and demanded high resolution,the cross-hole electromagnetic wave-penetrating method is suggested in prospecting.However,high density resistivity,shallow seismic reflection and cross-hole electromagnetic wave-penetrating methods cannot give qualitative results to the anomalies.With prospecting examples,this paper shows how the optimum combination of prospecting methods is selected in the detecting of groundwater conduits and defining of the anomalous features and spatial distributions in different geological conditions and prospecting costs.
When an intake or an outfall of a shallow buried groundwater conduit exists,it is a simple,direct and fast way to trace its direction with the mise-a-la-masse method,even though the charging current position is needed.The self-potential method is good at buried underground flow prospecting,but with too much noise and low resolution.Although lacking for detecting the spatial distribution of groundwater conduits,both mise-a-la-masse and self-potential methods can estimate anomalous features.High density resistivity method can obtain detailed spatial resistivity distribution near the surface.It is wise to introduce shallow seismic reflection method to the exploration of buried groundwater conduits controlled by faults.In case of limited surveying site,great prospecting depth and demanded high resolution,the cross-hole electromagnetic wave-penetrating method is suggested in prospecting.However,high density resistivity,shallow seismic reflection and cross-hole electromagnetic wave-penetrating methods cannot give qualitative results to the anomalies.With prospecting examples,this paper shows how the optimum combination of prospecting methods is selected in the detecting of groundwater conduits and defining of the anomalous features and spatial distributions in different geological conditions and prospecting costs.
引文
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[7]甘伏平,马祖陆,喻立平.岩溶地区复杂条件下的浅层地震方法应用研究[J].地质与勘探,2005,41(3):75—78.
[8]Kim J H,Cho S J,Yi M J.Borehole radar survey to explore limestone cavities for the construction of a highway bridge[J].ExplorationGeophysics,2004,35:80—87.
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[2]庄史彬.自然电位法在基坑检测中的应用[J]西部探矿工程,2004(2):20—21.
[3]丁云河,晁代超,等.充电法在确定煤矿区涌水巷道中的应用[J].河北煤炭,2002(4):51—52.
[4]李黔西.充电法探测充水岩溶裂隙的应用效果[J].西部探矿工程,2003(3):9—10.
[5]戴光明,罗延钟.二维地电条件下充电法地形改正的一种方法[J].物探化探计算技术,1997,19(1):36—40.
[6]孙英勋.EH4与地震反射法在高速公路长大深埋隧道勘察中的联合应用研究[J].公路交通科技,2005,22(6):143—146.
[7]甘伏平,马祖陆,喻立平.岩溶地区复杂条件下的浅层地震方法应用研究[J].地质与勘探,2005,41(3):75—78.
[8]Kim J H,Cho S J,Yi M J.Borehole radar survey to explore limestone cavities for the construction of a highway bridge[J].ExplorationGeophysics,2004,35:80—87.
[9]Wanstedt S,Carlsten S,Tiren S.Borehole radar measurements aidstructure geological interpretations[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2000,43:227—237.
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