Walkaway VSP多次波成像技术研究
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摘要
Walkaway VSP多次波成像是将地震相干应用于VSP中。首先讨论了Walkaway VSP多次波成像的基本原理。对比了传统VSP与Walkaway VSP多次波成像的照明区域之后,通过对模拟资料进行成像,讨论了影响成像的因素。模拟数据与实际数据的多次波成像结果表明,Walkaway VSP多次波成像能够对井附近的结构较好地成像,从而拓宽VSP成像区域。应用过程中发现,多次波成像的深度和质量受地表反射能力以及检波器埋深的影响。地表反射能力越强,成像深度越深,成像的质量越高;检波器埋藏越深,成像结果对复杂地表的敏感度越小,成像的深度也将减小。
Multiple reflection imaging by using Walkaway VSP data is the application of seismic coherence to VSP data processing.Firstly, the basic principles of Walkaway VSP multiple reflection imaging was discussed.After analyzing the illumination region of traditional VSP and Walkaway VSP multiple reflection imaging,a synthetic example is modeled to discuss the factors affecting imaging. The multiple reflection imaging results of synthetic and actual VSP data indicate that multiple reflection imaging can give a good imaging of the side of the borehole,so as to improve the illumination region of the VSP imaging.During the processing,it is showed that the reflect ability of the surface and the depth of the receivers in the borehole affect the depth and the quality of the imaging.The stronger the reflecting ability of the surface,the imaging will be deeper and better.The deeper the depth of the receivers,the data will be less sensitive to the complex overburden,but the depth of the imaging will be shallower.
Multiple reflection imaging by using Walkaway VSP data is the application of seismic coherence to VSP data processing.Firstly, the basic principles of Walkaway VSP multiple reflection imaging was discussed.After analyzing the illumination region of traditional VSP and Walkaway VSP multiple reflection imaging,a synthetic example is modeled to discuss the factors affecting imaging. The multiple reflection imaging results of synthetic and actual VSP data indicate that multiple reflection imaging can give a good imaging of the side of the borehole,so as to improve the illumination region of the VSP imaging.During the processing,it is showed that the reflect ability of the surface and the depth of the receivers in the borehole affect the depth and the quality of the imaging.The stronger the reflecting ability of the surface,the imaging will be deeper and better.The deeper the depth of the receivers,the data will be less sensitive to the complex overburden,but the depth of the imaging will be shallower.
引文
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[13]Yu J,Schuster G.Crosscorrelogram migration of inverse vertical seismic profile data[J].Geophysics, 2006,71(1):S1-S11
[14]常旭,刘伊克,王辉,等.地震相干偏移与数据自参照偏移的关系[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(11): 2840-2845
[2]Katz L.Inverse vertical seismic profiling while drilling: United States,5,012,453[P].1991
[3]Schuster G T,Rickett J.Daylight imaging in V(x,y, z ) media[R].Stanford,USA:Stanford University, 2000
[4]Schuster G T.Theory of Daylight/Interferometric Imaging:Tutorial[J].Expanded Abstracts of 63~(rd) Annual EAGE Mtg,2001,A32
[5]Schuster G T,Yu J,Sheng J,et al.Interferometric/ daylight seismic imaging[J].Geophysical Journal International, 2004,157(2):838-852
[6]Wapenaar K.Retrieving the elastodynamic Green's function of an arbitrary inhomogeneous medium by cross correlation[J].Physical Review Letters,2004, 93(25):254301
[7]Wapenaar K,Fokkema J.Green's function representations for seismic interferometry[J].Geophysics,2006,71(4):S133-S146
[8]Snieder R.Extracting the Green's function of attenuating heterogeneous media from uncorrelated waves [J].Acoustical Society of America,2007,121(5): 2637-2643
[9]Wapenaar K,Slob E,Snieder R.Seismic and electromagnetic controlled-source interferometry in dissipative media[J].Geophysical Prospecting,2008,56 (3):419-434
[10]Jiang Z,Yu J,Schuster G.Migration of multiples [J].The Leading Edge,2005,24(3):315-318
[11]Jiang Z.Migration and attenuation of surface related and interbed multiples[D].Salt Lake City,Utah:University of Utah,2006
[12]He R,Hornby B,Schuster G.3D wave-equation interferometric migration of VSP free-surface multiples [J].Geophysics,2007,72(5):S195-S203
[13]Yu J,Schuster G.Crosscorrelogram migration of inverse vertical seismic profile data[J].Geophysics, 2006,71(1):S1-S11
[14]常旭,刘伊克,王辉,等.地震相干偏移与数据自参照偏移的关系[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(11): 2840-2845
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