地层孔隙压力的地球物理响应特征分析——以澳大利亚西北大陆架卡拉汶盆地超压地层为例
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摘要
以澳大利亚西北大陆架卡拉汶盆地超压地层为例,讨论了地层孔隙压力与地球物理响应之间的关系。声波弹性理论超压地层地震模拟和超压地层测井资料分析表明,超压地层的声波响应在不同类型资料上的表现特征不一致,基于声波弹性理论的地震波模拟往往会低估地层超压对地震波传播的影响;在极低过压和极高过压情况下,地震波衰减与孔隙压力之间存在较为明显的反比关系,但是在中等程度过压情况下,这种变化规律并不明显;在同一套地层序列内声波速度的横向变化与地层孔隙压力分布有明显的相关性。
Taking the overpressure formation in Kalawen Basin of Australia Northwest continental shelf as an example,the relationship between formation pore pressure and geophysical response was discussed. The seismic wave simulation of overpressure formation based on acoustic elastic theory and log analysis of overpressure formation indicates that the acoustic response of overpressure formation shows different characteristics on different types of data,the seismic wave simulation based on acoustics elastic theory always underestimates the impact of overpressure on seismic wave propagation. In the condition of extremely low overpressure and extremely high overpressure,the obvious inverse relation exists between seismic wave attenuation and pore pressure,but in the condition of middle overpressure,the variation rule is not obvious.In the same formation sequence,the lateral variation of acoustic velocity and the distribution of pore pressure have obvious correlation.
Taking the overpressure formation in Kalawen Basin of Australia Northwest continental shelf as an example,the relationship between formation pore pressure and geophysical response was discussed. The seismic wave simulation of overpressure formation based on acoustic elastic theory and log analysis of overpressure formation indicates that the acoustic response of overpressure formation shows different characteristics on different types of data,the seismic wave simulation based on acoustics elastic theory always underestimates the impact of overpressure on seismic wave propagation. In the condition of extremely low overpressure and extremely high overpressure,the obvious inverse relation exists between seismic wave attenuation and pore pressure,but in the condition of middle overpressure,the variation rule is not obvious.In the same formation sequence,the lateral variation of acoustic velocity and the distribution of pore pressure have obvious correlation.
引文
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[13]Fu L Y.Logging analysis of pore pressure in the Northern Carnarvon Basin[J].Expanded Abstracts of 41th Annual Internat APPEA Mtg,2001,41: 243-247
[14]Siggins A F,Dewhurst D N.Saturation,pore pressure and effective stress from sandstone acoustic properties[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2003, 30(2):1089
[15]Guo M Q,Fu L Y.Stress associated coda attenuation from ultrasonic waveform measurements[J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2007,34(9):391-396
[2]石万忠,何生,陈红汉.多地震属性联合反演在地层压力预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2006,45(6): 580-585
[3]Guo M Q,Fu LY,Jing B.Comparison of stress-associated coda attenuation and intrinsic attenuation from ultrasonic measurements[J].Geophysical Journal International,2009,178(1):447-456
[4]邓继新,王尚旭,俞军.频散作用对储层砂岩速度实验结果的影响分析[J].石油物探,2005,44(4): 334-338
[5]邓继新,王尚旭.储层砂岩纵波衰减的实验结果分析[J].石油物探,2008,47(4):346-351
[6]云美厚,杨凯,丁伟,等.水驱4D地震监测岩石物理研究综述[J].石油物探,2004,43(3):309-312
[7]Sayers C M,Woodward M J,Bartman R C.Predrill pore-pressure prediction using 4-C seismic data[J]. The Leading Edge,2001,20(9):1056-1059
[8]Swarbrick R E,Hillis R R.The origin and influence of overpressure with reference to the North West Shelf,Australia[J].Expanded Abstracts of 39~(th) Annual APPEA Mtg,1999,39:64-72
[9]Otto C J,Yassir N,Hennig A,et al.Pressure systems on the NW shelf of Australia-a comprehensive hydrodynamic database[C]//Swarbrick R E.Overpressure 2000Workshop.London,England:Geopressure Technology Ltd,2000:69-70
[10]Johnson G C.Acoustoelastic theory for elastic-plastic materials[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,1981,70(2):591-595
[11]Sinha B K,Liu Q H.Flexural waves in pressurized boreholes:A finite-difference approach[J].Expanded Abstracts of 65th Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1995, 26-29
[12]Wang X,Dodds K,Fu L Y.Elastic wave propagation in the prestressed formation with a borehole[C].// Swarbrick R E.2000 AAPG International Confer- ence & Exhibition.Bali,Indonesia:2000:601-604
[13]Fu L Y.Logging analysis of pore pressure in the Northern Carnarvon Basin[J].Expanded Abstracts of 41th Annual Internat APPEA Mtg,2001,41: 243-247
[14]Siggins A F,Dewhurst D N.Saturation,pore pressure and effective stress from sandstone acoustic properties[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2003, 30(2):1089
[15]Guo M Q,Fu L Y.Stress associated coda attenuation from ultrasonic waveform measurements[J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2007,34(9):391-396
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