基于广义S变换的裂缝分频边缘检测方法
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摘要
为了在时频域刻画裂缝等边缘信息及其多尺度特征,构造了一种新的广义S变换分频边缘检测。它借鉴了小波多尺度边缘检测的思想,利用广义S变换的时频局部谱,通过不同频率尺度滤波达到突出与定位不同尺度边缘信息的目的。模型信号处理表明:广义S变换分频边缘检测方法既能准确刻画边缘奇异信息,又能反映边缘的多尺度特征,具有与小波多尺度边缘检测相似的特点。利用这一方法对实际地震资料处理的结果表明,它可以在不同频率尺度情况下有效检测断层、裂缝发育带的几何形态和空间展布。
In order to delineate fracture edge information and its multi-scale characteristic in time-frequency domain,a new multi-frequency edge detection(MFED) method based on generalized S transform(GST) is presented,which draw on the idea of wavelet multi-scale edge detection.The MFED achieves highlighting and localizing different scales edge by filtering of different frequencies based on the local time-frequency spectra of GST.The simulation of synthetic signal model demonstrates that MFED can exactly depict the various singular edges and reflect the multi-scale characteristics of the edge,which is similar to the wavelet multi-scale edge detection.MFED is applied to real seismic data processing.The results show that it can detection the fault,the geometry and distribution of fracture zone in different frequency scales.
In order to delineate fracture edge information and its multi-scale characteristic in time-frequency domain,a new multi-frequency edge detection(MFED) method based on generalized S transform(GST) is presented,which draw on the idea of wavelet multi-scale edge detection.The MFED achieves highlighting and localizing different scales edge by filtering of different frequencies based on the local time-frequency spectra of GST.The simulation of synthetic signal model demonstrates that MFED can exactly depict the various singular edges and reflect the multi-scale characteristics of the edge,which is similar to the wavelet multi-scale edge detection.MFED is applied to real seismic data processing.The results show that it can detection the fault,the geometry and distribution of fracture zone in different frequency scales.
引文
[1]贺振华,黄德济,文晓涛.裂缝油气藏地球物理预测[M].成都:四川科技出版社,2007.HE Zhen-hua,HUANG De-ji,WEN Xiao-tao.Geophysical predictive theory and technique onfracture reservoir[M].Chengdu:Sichuan PublicationHouse of Science&Technology,2007.
[2]Chopra S,Marfurt K J.Seismic attributes for prospectidentification and reservoir characterization[M].Tulsa:Society of Exploration Geophysicists,2007.
[3]贺振华,黄捍东,胡光岷,等.地下介质横向变化的地震多尺度边缘检测技术[J].物探化探计算技术,1999,21(4):289-294.HE Zhen-hua,HUANG Han-dong,HU Guang-min,et al.Lateral identification by seismic multi-scale edgedetection[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysicaland Geochemical Exploration,1999,21(4):289-294.
[4]黄捍东,胡光岷,贺振华,等.利用多尺度边缘检测研究碳酸盐岩裂缝分布[J].物探化探计算技术,2000,22(1):21-25.HUANG Han-dong,HU Guang-min,HE Zhen-hua,et al.Carbonate fracture research using multi-scaleboundary detection method[J].Computing Techniquesfor Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2000,22(1):21-25.
[5]孙夕平,杜世通.边缘检测技术在河道和储层小断裂成像中的应用[J].石油物探,2003,42(4):469-472.SUN Xi-ping,DU Shi-tong.Using edge detectiontechnique to image channels and minor faults[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2003,42(4):469-472.
[6]苟量,彭真明.小波多尺度边缘检测及其在裂缝预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(3):309-313.GOU Liang,PENG Zhen-ming.Multi-scale edgedetection of wavelet and application in fractureprediction[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2005,40(3):309-313.
[7]文晓涛,贺振华,黄德济.小波域尺度积在裂缝检测中的应用[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2008,38(4):703-707.WEN Xiao-tao,HE Zhen-hua,HUANG De-ji.Application of wavelet multi-scale product in fracturedetection[J].Journal of Jilin University:EarthScience Edition,2008,38(4):703-707.
[8]Luo Y,Saleh A,Marhoon M,et al.GeneralizedHilbert transform and its applications in geophysics[J].The Leading Edge,2003,22(3):198-202.
[9]Mallat S.A wavelet tour of signal processing[M].2nd ed.Beijing:China Machine Press,2002.
[10]陈学华,贺振华,黄德济.地震资料的高阶伪希尔伯特变换边缘检测[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(4):1106-1110.CHEN Xue-hua,HE Zhen-hua,HUANG De-ji.Seismic data edge detection based on higher-orderpseudo Hilbert transform[J].Progress inGeophysics,2008,23(4):1106-1110.
[11]Stockwell R G,Mansinha L,Lowe R P.Localizationof the complex spectrum:the S transform[J].IEEETransactions on Signal Processing,1996,44(4):998-1001.
[12]陈学华,贺振华,黄德济.时频域高分辨地震层序识别[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2008,38(1):152-155.CHEN Xue-hua,HE Zhen-hua,HUANG De-ji.Seismic sequence identifying with high resolution intime-frequency domain[J].Journal of JilinUniversity:Earth Science Edition,2008,38(1):152-155.
[13]陈学华,贺振华,黄德济.广义S变换及其时频滤波[J].信号处理,2008,24(1):28-31.CHEN Xue-hua,HE Zhen-hua,HUANG De-ji.Generalized S transform and its time-frequencyfiltering[J].Signal Processing,2008,24(1):28-31.
[14]陈学华.时频域高精度储层结构分析:理论、算法及应用[D].成都:成都理工大学,2009.CHEN Xue-hua.High-resolution reservoirarchitecture analysis in time-frequency domain:theory,algorithm and application[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2009.
[15]Luo Y,Marhoon M,Dossary S A,et al.Edge-preserving smoothing and applications[J].TheLeading Edge,2002,21(2):136-158.
[16]Albinhassan N M,Luo Y,Al-Faraj M N.3Dedge-preserving smoothing and applications[J].Geophysics,2006,71(4):5-11.
[2]Chopra S,Marfurt K J.Seismic attributes for prospectidentification and reservoir characterization[M].Tulsa:Society of Exploration Geophysicists,2007.
[3]贺振华,黄捍东,胡光岷,等.地下介质横向变化的地震多尺度边缘检测技术[J].物探化探计算技术,1999,21(4):289-294.HE Zhen-hua,HUANG Han-dong,HU Guang-min,et al.Lateral identification by seismic multi-scale edgedetection[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysicaland Geochemical Exploration,1999,21(4):289-294.
[4]黄捍东,胡光岷,贺振华,等.利用多尺度边缘检测研究碳酸盐岩裂缝分布[J].物探化探计算技术,2000,22(1):21-25.HUANG Han-dong,HU Guang-min,HE Zhen-hua,et al.Carbonate fracture research using multi-scaleboundary detection method[J].Computing Techniquesfor Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2000,22(1):21-25.
[5]孙夕平,杜世通.边缘检测技术在河道和储层小断裂成像中的应用[J].石油物探,2003,42(4):469-472.SUN Xi-ping,DU Shi-tong.Using edge detectiontechnique to image channels and minor faults[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2003,42(4):469-472.
[6]苟量,彭真明.小波多尺度边缘检测及其在裂缝预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(3):309-313.GOU Liang,PENG Zhen-ming.Multi-scale edgedetection of wavelet and application in fractureprediction[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2005,40(3):309-313.
[7]文晓涛,贺振华,黄德济.小波域尺度积在裂缝检测中的应用[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2008,38(4):703-707.WEN Xiao-tao,HE Zhen-hua,HUANG De-ji.Application of wavelet multi-scale product in fracturedetection[J].Journal of Jilin University:EarthScience Edition,2008,38(4):703-707.
[8]Luo Y,Saleh A,Marhoon M,et al.GeneralizedHilbert transform and its applications in geophysics[J].The Leading Edge,2003,22(3):198-202.
[9]Mallat S.A wavelet tour of signal processing[M].2nd ed.Beijing:China Machine Press,2002.
[10]陈学华,贺振华,黄德济.地震资料的高阶伪希尔伯特变换边缘检测[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(4):1106-1110.CHEN Xue-hua,HE Zhen-hua,HUANG De-ji.Seismic data edge detection based on higher-orderpseudo Hilbert transform[J].Progress inGeophysics,2008,23(4):1106-1110.
[11]Stockwell R G,Mansinha L,Lowe R P.Localizationof the complex spectrum:the S transform[J].IEEETransactions on Signal Processing,1996,44(4):998-1001.
[12]陈学华,贺振华,黄德济.时频域高分辨地震层序识别[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2008,38(1):152-155.CHEN Xue-hua,HE Zhen-hua,HUANG De-ji.Seismic sequence identifying with high resolution intime-frequency domain[J].Journal of JilinUniversity:Earth Science Edition,2008,38(1):152-155.
[13]陈学华,贺振华,黄德济.广义S变换及其时频滤波[J].信号处理,2008,24(1):28-31.CHEN Xue-hua,HE Zhen-hua,HUANG De-ji.Generalized S transform and its time-frequencyfiltering[J].Signal Processing,2008,24(1):28-31.
[14]陈学华.时频域高精度储层结构分析:理论、算法及应用[D].成都:成都理工大学,2009.CHEN Xue-hua.High-resolution reservoirarchitecture analysis in time-frequency domain:theory,algorithm and application[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2009.
[15]Luo Y,Marhoon M,Dossary S A,et al.Edge-preserving smoothing and applications[J].TheLeading Edge,2002,21(2):136-158.
[16]Albinhassan N M,Luo Y,Al-Faraj M N.3Dedge-preserving smoothing and applications[J].Geophysics,2006,71(4):5-11.
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