面波压制的TT变换法
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摘要
在地震勘探中,面波的频率比其他有效地震波的频率低,往往被视作干扰波而需要压制,以突出有效波。TT(time-time)变换具有很好的频率聚集能力,它将高频信号聚集在TT变换域的对角线位置,通过提取TT变换域的对角线附近的元素,就可以压制低频面波,突出反射波。对物理模型和实际数据进行处理,并与传统的高通滤波方法进行对比,结果表明:TT变换实际上是S变换的延伸,与S变换有着密切的联系,有无损可逆性,而且具有很好的频率聚集能力。TT变换在压制面波方面有较好的效果,但在提取高频、压制低频的同时,漏掉了一些低频的有效信号,同时也保留了部分高频干扰,这是TT变换在信号分析中的不足之处。因此,在实际应用中应将TT变换和S变换结合起来,避免一些解释上的假象。
In seismic exploration,surface waves have lower frequency than effective signals,and often needs to be suppressed to enhance effective seismic waves.TT transform(time-time transform) has very good frequency gathering property and can concentrate higher frequencies more strongly around diagonal positions in TT field.The surface wave can be suppressed by extracting the diagonal elements of TT spectrum.Compared with the traditional high-pass filter method,processing results by TT method about physical model and real seismic data shows that TT transform is the extending of S transform and has a close relation with S transform.It is invertible and has good frequency gathered ability.TT transform shows good effect in the suppression of surface wave,however,it loses some low frequency effective signals and retains parts of the high frequency interference waves during extracting high-frequency,and suppressing low-frequency,which is the shortage of TT transform in signal analysis.Therefore,TT transform and S transform should be combined in practical applications to avoid some mistakes of interpretation.
In seismic exploration,surface waves have lower frequency than effective signals,and often needs to be suppressed to enhance effective seismic waves.TT transform(time-time transform) has very good frequency gathering property and can concentrate higher frequencies more strongly around diagonal positions in TT field.The surface wave can be suppressed by extracting the diagonal elements of TT spectrum.Compared with the traditional high-pass filter method,processing results by TT method about physical model and real seismic data shows that TT transform is the extending of S transform and has a close relation with S transform.It is invertible and has good frequency gathered ability.TT transform shows good effect in the suppression of surface wave,however,it loses some low frequency effective signals and retains parts of the high frequency interference waves during extracting high-frequency,and suppressing low-frequency,which is the shortage of TT transform in signal analysis.Therefore,TT transform and S transform should be combined in practical applications to avoid some mistakes of interpretation.
引文
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[11]陈爱萍,邹文.基于S-变换的面波压制[J].世界地质,2005,24(1):82-86.CHEN Ai-ping,ZOU Wen.Surface wavesuppression technique based on S-transform[J].Global Geology,2005,24(1):82-86.
[2]Pinnegar C R,Mansinha C.A method of time-timeanalysis:the TT-transform[J].Digital SignalProcessing:A Review Journal,2003,13(4):588-603.
[3]Pinnegar C R.Time-frequency and time-time fil-teringwith the S-transform and TT-transform[J].DigitalSignal Processing:A Review Journal,2005,15(6):604-620.
[4]Fan X,Zuo M.Gearbox fault detection using Hilbertand TT-transform[J].Key Engineering Materials,2005,293(4):79-86.
[5]Simon C.On the TT-transform and its diagonalelements[J].IEEE Transactions on SignalProcessing,2008,56(11):5709-5713.
[6]杨成林.瑞雷波勘探[M].北京:地质出版社,1993.YANG Cheng-lin.Rayleigh wave exploration[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1993.
[7]刘发启,张关泉.小波变换与F-K算法在滤波中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(6):782-791.LIU Fa-qi,ZHANG Guan-quan.Application ofwavelet transform and F-Karithmetic in filtering[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1996,31(6):782-791.
[8]巩向博,韩立国,王恩利,等.压制噪声的高分辨率Radon变换法[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2009,39(1):152-157.GONG Xiang-bo,HAN Li-guo,WANG En-li,et al.Denoising via high resolution radon transform[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2009,39(1):152-157.
[9]罗国安,杜世通.小波变换及信号重建在压制面波中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(3):337-349.LUO Guo-an,DU Shi-tong.Application of wavelettransform and signal reconstruction in surface waveelimination[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1996,31(3):337-349.
[10]胡天跃,王润秋,White R.地震资料处理中的聚束滤波方法[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(1):105-115.HU Tian-yue,WANG Run-qiu,White R.Beamforing in seismic data processing[J].ChineseJournal of Geophysics,2000,43(1):105-115.
[11]陈爱萍,邹文.基于S-变换的面波压制[J].世界地质,2005,24(1):82-86.CHEN Ai-ping,ZOU Wen.Surface wavesuppression technique based on S-transform[J].Global Geology,2005,24(1):82-86.
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