南海北部深水区白云凹陷渐新世晚期多物源充填特征
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摘要
运用单井相、地震相、地震速度岩性分析等方法综合分析南海北部深水区白云凹陷渐新世晚期沉积体系特征。研究认为白云凹陷从渐新世晚期开始发生海进,海水可能由东部进入,由东向西发生海进。珠海层序内的主要沉积体系域都表现出一致的多物源充填特征,凹陷东北部(BY1-2附近)发育向南推进的大型S型前积,在凹陷南部发育由西向北东推进的大型S型前积,在凹陷北西部(BY1-1井及其以西地区)发育两个向南推进的中型帚状前积。根据地震速度提取并定量转换出的砂岩指数平面分布图,发现在凹陷东部、北部、西部角、西南方向和东南方向存在相对高含砂带。综合分析认为在低位体系域发育3大水系,即北部水系(河流—扇三角洲)、南部水系(扇三角洲)和东部水系(扇三角洲);高位体系域沉积期发育两大水系,即北部水系(河道—三角洲)和西部水系(三角洲—扇三角洲)。多物源充填特征表明整个渐新世晚期的沉积环境很可能为局限海环境。白云凹陷番禺低凸起南部缓坡带扇三角洲前缘和凹陷西部长轴方向三角洲体系有很重要的勘探价值。
This article firstly makes a comprehensive analysis about the features of depositional system during the Late Oligocene of Baiyun depression in the deep-water region of northern South China Sea,using single well facies,seismic facies and seismic velocity-lithology analysis.Study shows that transgression started developing during the Late Oligocene.Probably,the sea water entered from the east and overlaped towards the west.Main depositional system tracts of Zhuhai sequence displays the consistent feature of multi sediment-source filling.There is a large scale S-type progradational reflection configuration prograding to the south in northeast of the depression(around BY1-2).Another large scale S-type progradational reflection configuration prograding to the northeast exists in the south of the depression.In northwest of the depression(Well BY1-1 and the west area of it),there are two middle-sized brush-like progradational reflection configurations prograding to the south.According to the sandstone index distribution converted from seismic velocity-lithology analysis,there are several relative high sandy areas in the eastern part,northern boundary,west corner,southwest and southeast direction of the depression.There are three palaeodrainage patterns in LST: northern palaeodrainage pattern(fluvial-fan delta),southern palaeodrainage pattern(fan delta) and eastern palaeodrainage pattern(fan delta).There are two palaeodrainage patterns in HST: northern palaeodrainage pattern(fluvial channels-fan delta) and western palaeodrainage pattern(delta-fan delta facies).The feature of multi sediment-source filling shows that the depositional environment during the whole Late Oligocene likely was restricted sea circumstance.The fan delta front in the gentle slope of southern Panyu low uplift and delta regime in the long axis direction of southern Baiyun depression have great significance for exploration.
This article firstly makes a comprehensive analysis about the features of depositional system during the Late Oligocene of Baiyun depression in the deep-water region of northern South China Sea,using single well facies,seismic facies and seismic velocity-lithology analysis.Study shows that transgression started developing during the Late Oligocene.Probably,the sea water entered from the east and overlaped towards the west.Main depositional system tracts of Zhuhai sequence displays the consistent feature of multi sediment-source filling.There is a large scale S-type progradational reflection configuration prograding to the south in northeast of the depression(around BY1-2).Another large scale S-type progradational reflection configuration prograding to the northeast exists in the south of the depression.In northwest of the depression(Well BY1-1 and the west area of it),there are two middle-sized brush-like progradational reflection configurations prograding to the south.According to the sandstone index distribution converted from seismic velocity-lithology analysis,there are several relative high sandy areas in the eastern part,northern boundary,west corner,southwest and southeast direction of the depression.There are three palaeodrainage patterns in LST: northern palaeodrainage pattern(fluvial-fan delta),southern palaeodrainage pattern(fan delta) and eastern palaeodrainage pattern(fan delta).There are two palaeodrainage patterns in HST: northern palaeodrainage pattern(fluvial channels-fan delta) and western palaeodrainage pattern(delta-fan delta facies).The feature of multi sediment-source filling shows that the depositional environment during the whole Late Oligocene likely was restricted sea circumstance.The fan delta front in the gentle slope of southern Panyu low uplift and delta regime in the long axis direction of southern Baiyun depression have great significance for exploration.
引文
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[18]龚再升,李思田,汪集,等.南海北部大陆架边缘盆地油气成藏动力学研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:30-36.
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[2]Bouma A H,DevriesMB,Stone C G.Reinterpretation of deposi-tional processes in a classic flysch sequence(PennsylvanianJackfork Group),Ouachita Mountains,Arkansasand,Oklaho-ma:Discussion[J].AAPG Bulletin,1997,81(3):470-472.
[3]Bouma A H.Sedimentology of Some Flysch Deposits:a GraphicApproach to Facies Interpretation[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier,1962:168-178.
[4]Stow D A V,Mayall M.Deep-water sedimentary systems—newmodels for the 21st Century[J].Marine and Petroleum Geolo-gy,2000,17:125-135.
[5]Mutti E,Ricci Lucchi F.Turbidites of the northern apennines:introduction to facies analysis[J].International Geology Re-view,1972,20:125-166.
[6]Walker R G.Turbidites and submarine fans[J].Geological As-sociation of Canada,1992,7:239-263.
[7]Vail P R.Seismic-stratigraphy interpretation using sequence stra-tigraphy.Part 1:Seismic stratigraphy interpretation procedures[J].American Association of Petroleum Geologists Studies inGeology,1987,27:1-10.
[8]Henry W Posamentier,Venkatarathnan Kolla.Seismic geomor-phology and stratigraphy of depositional elements in deep-watersettings[J].Jornal of Sedimentary Research,2003,73(3):367-388.
[9]Russell B Wynn.Characterization and recognition of deep-waterchannel-lobe transition zones[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(8):1441-1462.
[10]Jaco HBaas,William D McCaffrey,Robert J Knipe.The deep-water architecture knowledge base:towards an objective compari-son of deep-marine sedimentary systems[J].Petroleum Geosci-ence,2005,11(4):309-320.
[11]Ru Smith,Pete Burgess.Sequence stratigraphy and the deep-wa-ter record.Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts[R].Dallas,TX:American Association of Petroleum Geologists,2004,13:131.
[12]庞雄,陈长民,施和生,等.相对海平面变化与南海珠江深水扇系统的响应[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):167-177.
[13]彭大钧,陈长民,庞雄,等.南海珠江口盆地深水扇系统的发现[J].石油学报,2004,25(5):17-23.
[14]王存武,陈红汉,陈长民,等.珠江口盆地白云深水扇特征及油气成藏主控因素[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2007,32(2):247-252.
[15]柳保军,申俊,庞雄,等.珠江口盆地白云凹陷珠海组浅海三角洲沉积特征[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):49-56.
[16]彭大钧,庞雄,陈长民,等.南海深水扇系统的形成特征与控制因素[J].沉积学报,2006,24(1):10-18.
[17]庞雄,陈长民,彭大钧.南海珠江深水扇系统的层序地层学研究[J].地学前缘,2007,14(1):220-229.
[18]龚再升,李思田,汪集,等.南海北部大陆架边缘盆地油气成藏动力学研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:30-36.
[19]刘震,吴因业.层序地层框架与油气勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999:20-23.
[20]刘震.储层地震地层学[M].北京:地质出版社,1997:83-104.
[21]刘震,张万选.陆相断陷盆地地震相解释专家[J].石油地球物理勘探,1992,27(2):261-269.
[22]刘震,高先志,曾洪流,等.辽东湾地区下第三系速度—岩性预测模型研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1993,13(2):371-376.
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