带有多道相关的抛物线Radon变换法分离P-P、P-SV波
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摘要
因为多波多分量地震勘探中P-P波和P-SV波通常混杂在一起,所以较好地分离P-P波和P-SV波能够提高数据处理和解释的质量.抛物线Radon变换法在分离P-P波和P-SV波时取得了一定效果,但是在离散叠加的计算过程中会带来假频,这些假频会干扰波场分离.本文针对这一问题,将多道相关算法引入抛物线.Radon变换,发展了带有多道相关的抛物线Radon变换法.该方法利用叠加信号具有相似性的特点,依据多道相关中衡量多道信号相似性的能量比标准,对叠加过程加以控制,压制变换中出现的假频.本文用该方法对合成地震记录进行了波场分离,取得了较好的效果.
Several methods are developed for separating PP wave and P-SV wave from the multiwave multicomponent seismic data.Parabolic Radon transform is an effective method.But the aliasing phenomena will appear and depress the quality of wave filed separation in the processing procedure of summing discrete amplitude.We introduced the algorithm of multiple coherences into the processing procedure,and developed new separation method of Parabolic Radon transform with multiple coherence.The new method can choose suitable signal into the summation procedure depending on the similarity level value of signals evaluated by the coherence,and depress the aliasing phenomena.We tested the method using the synthetic seismogram and achieved nice result.
Several methods are developed for separating PP wave and P-SV wave from the multiwave multicomponent seismic data.Parabolic Radon transform is an effective method.But the aliasing phenomena will appear and depress the quality of wave filed separation in the processing procedure of summing discrete amplitude.We introduced the algorithm of multiple coherences into the processing procedure,and developed new separation method of Parabolic Radon transform with multiple coherence.The new method can choose suitable signal into the summation procedure depending on the similarity level value of signals evaluated by the coherence,and depress the aliasing phenomena.We tested the method using the synthetic seismogram and achieved nice result.
引文
[1] 王磊,李建荣,王赟.多分量转换波地震勘探技术.油田地质与采样率,2002,9(7) :1～4 Wang L,Li J R,Wang Y.A summary on seismic exploration technique of multicomponent converted wave.Oil & Gas Recovery Technology (in Chinese),2002,9(7) :1～4
[2] 尧德中,周熙襄,钟本善.VSP记录的纵、横波分离方法与应用.石油地球物理勘探,1993,28(5) :623～628 Yao D Z,Zhou X X,Zhong B S.Method for separating out P-wave or S-wave in VSP data,and its application.Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),1993,28 (5) :623～628
[3] 付雷,刘财,王建民等.大庆地区P-SV波地震资料处理技术.地球物理学进展,:2004,19(2) :414～419 Fu L,Liu Cai,Wang J M.Seismic processing of P-SV wave in Daqing area.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2004,19(2) :414～419
[4] 刘保童,朱光明.地震数据正交投影分解方法的研究与应用.地球物理学进展,2005,20(3) :654～660 Liu B T,Zhu G M.Orthogonal decomposition approach of seismic data and its application.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2005,20(3) :654～660
[5] 刘光鼎,李幼铭,吴永刚等.陆相油储地球物理学导论.北京:科学出版社,1998 Liu G D,Li Y M,Wu Y G,et al.Reservoir Geophysics in China (in Chinese).Beijing:Science Press,1998
[6] 井涌泉,高红伟,王维红.二维各向同性介质P波和S波分离方法研究.地球物理学进展,2008,23(5) :1412～1416 Jing Y Q,Gao H W,Wang W H.The study of P-waves and S-waves separation in two-dimensional isotropic media.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2008,23(5) :1412～1416
[7] Sun R.Separating P-and S-waves in a prestack 2-dimensional elastic seismogram.In:61th Ann.Mtg.,Eur.Assn.Geosci.Eng.,Extended Abstracts,1999,paper 6～23
[8] 耿建华,马在田,董良国.单分量地面记录地震波场分离的非线性滤波方法研究.地球物理学报,2002,45(增刊):268～273 Gen J H,Ma Z T,Dong L G.Seismic wave of one-component record separation by non-linear filtering.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2002,45(Suppl.):268～273
[9] 罗省贤,李录明.F-k域多波变速波场分离.物探化探计算技术,1999,21(2) :126～132 Luo S X,Li L M.Multi-wave field decomposition by the variable velocity method in F-k domain.Computing Technique for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,1999,21(2) :126～132
[10] 王维红,首皓,刘洪等.线性同相轴波场分离的高分辨率τ-p变换法.地球物理学进展,2006,21(1) :74～78 Wang W H,Shou H,Liu H,et al.High resolution τ-p transform in linear events wavefield separation.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2006,21(1) :74～78
[11] 周龙泉,刘福田,刘劲松等.利用τ-p波场反演法确定东沙群岛 的地壳速度模型.地球物理学进展,2005,20(2) :503～506 Zhou L Q,Liu F T,Liu J S,et al.Determination of the crustal velocity model of Dongsha islands using the inversion of τ-p wave field.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2005,20(2) :503～506
[12] 吴律.τ-p变换及应用.北京.石油工业出版社.1993 Wu L.τ-p Transform and its Application (in Chinese).Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press.1993．
[13] 曾有良,乐友善,单启铜等.基于高分辨率Radon变换的VSP波场分离方法.石油物探,2007,46(2) :115～119 Zeng Y L,Le Y S,Shan Q T,et al.VSP wavefield separation based on high-resolution Radon transformation.Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2007,46(2) :115～119
[14] 武克奋.双向预测法压制线性干扰波和多次波.石油物探,2005,44(5) :458～460 Wu K F.Strong linear interferences and multiples suppression based on dual prediction model.Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2005,44(5) :458～460
[15] 刘喜武,刘 洪,李幼铭.高分辨率Radon变换方法及其在地震信号处理中的应用.地球物理学进展,2004,19(1) :8～15 Liu X W,Liu H,Li Y M.High resolution Radon transform and its application in seismic signal processing.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2004,19(1) :8～15
[16] 黄新武,吴律,牛滨华等.抛物线Radon变换中的参数采样与假频.石油大学学报(自然科学版),2003,27(2) :27～31 Huang X W,Wu L,Niu B H.Sampling and aliasing of parameters in parabolic Radon transform.Journal of the University of Petroleum,China (Edition of Natural Science)(in Chinese),2003,27(2) :27～31
[17] 牛滨华,孙春岩,张中杰等.多项式Radon变换.地球物理学报,2001,44(2) :263～271 Niu B H,Sun C Y,Zhang Z J.et al.Polynomial Radon transform.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2001,44 (2) :263～271
[18] 巩向博,韩立国,牛建军等.Radon变换在非规则观测系统中波场分离的应用.地球物理学进展,2008,23(6) :1886～1893 Gong X B,Han L G,Niu J J,et al.Wave field decomposition via Radon transform in the irregular observation system.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2008,23(6) :1886～1893
[19] 黄新武,吴 律,宋炜.拉东投影法三维叠前深度偏移.地球物理学报,2004,47(2) :321～326 Huang X W,Wu L,Song W.3-D pre-stack depth migration with Radon projection.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(2) :321～326
[20] Marfurt K J,Schineider R V,Mueller M C.Pitfalls of using conventional and discrete Radon transforms on poorly sampled data.Geophysics,1996,61(5) :1467～1482
[21] 许士勇,马在田.快速有效的转换波共转换点叠加技术.地球物理学报,2002,45(4) :557～568 Xu S Y,Ma Z T.A fast and efficient common conversion point stacking technique for converted waves.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2002,45(4) :557～568
[22] 程乾生.信号数字处理的数学原理.北京:石油工业出版社,1993． 323～332 Cheng Q S.The theory of digital signal processing (in Chinese).Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1993． 323～332
[2] 尧德中,周熙襄,钟本善.VSP记录的纵、横波分离方法与应用.石油地球物理勘探,1993,28(5) :623～628 Yao D Z,Zhou X X,Zhong B S.Method for separating out P-wave or S-wave in VSP data,and its application.Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),1993,28 (5) :623～628
[3] 付雷,刘财,王建民等.大庆地区P-SV波地震资料处理技术.地球物理学进展,:2004,19(2) :414～419 Fu L,Liu Cai,Wang J M.Seismic processing of P-SV wave in Daqing area.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2004,19(2) :414～419
[4] 刘保童,朱光明.地震数据正交投影分解方法的研究与应用.地球物理学进展,2005,20(3) :654～660 Liu B T,Zhu G M.Orthogonal decomposition approach of seismic data and its application.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2005,20(3) :654～660
[5] 刘光鼎,李幼铭,吴永刚等.陆相油储地球物理学导论.北京:科学出版社,1998 Liu G D,Li Y M,Wu Y G,et al.Reservoir Geophysics in China (in Chinese).Beijing:Science Press,1998
[6] 井涌泉,高红伟,王维红.二维各向同性介质P波和S波分离方法研究.地球物理学进展,2008,23(5) :1412～1416 Jing Y Q,Gao H W,Wang W H.The study of P-waves and S-waves separation in two-dimensional isotropic media.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2008,23(5) :1412～1416
[7] Sun R.Separating P-and S-waves in a prestack 2-dimensional elastic seismogram.In:61th Ann.Mtg.,Eur.Assn.Geosci.Eng.,Extended Abstracts,1999,paper 6～23
[8] 耿建华,马在田,董良国.单分量地面记录地震波场分离的非线性滤波方法研究.地球物理学报,2002,45(增刊):268～273 Gen J H,Ma Z T,Dong L G.Seismic wave of one-component record separation by non-linear filtering.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2002,45(Suppl.):268～273
[9] 罗省贤,李录明.F-k域多波变速波场分离.物探化探计算技术,1999,21(2) :126～132 Luo S X,Li L M.Multi-wave field decomposition by the variable velocity method in F-k domain.Computing Technique for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,1999,21(2) :126～132
[10] 王维红,首皓,刘洪等.线性同相轴波场分离的高分辨率τ-p变换法.地球物理学进展,2006,21(1) :74～78 Wang W H,Shou H,Liu H,et al.High resolution τ-p transform in linear events wavefield separation.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2006,21(1) :74～78
[11] 周龙泉,刘福田,刘劲松等.利用τ-p波场反演法确定东沙群岛 的地壳速度模型.地球物理学进展,2005,20(2) :503～506 Zhou L Q,Liu F T,Liu J S,et al.Determination of the crustal velocity model of Dongsha islands using the inversion of τ-p wave field.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2005,20(2) :503～506
[12] 吴律.τ-p变换及应用.北京.石油工业出版社.1993 Wu L.τ-p Transform and its Application (in Chinese).Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press.1993．
[13] 曾有良,乐友善,单启铜等.基于高分辨率Radon变换的VSP波场分离方法.石油物探,2007,46(2) :115～119 Zeng Y L,Le Y S,Shan Q T,et al.VSP wavefield separation based on high-resolution Radon transformation.Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2007,46(2) :115～119
[14] 武克奋.双向预测法压制线性干扰波和多次波.石油物探,2005,44(5) :458～460 Wu K F.Strong linear interferences and multiples suppression based on dual prediction model.Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2005,44(5) :458～460
[15] 刘喜武,刘 洪,李幼铭.高分辨率Radon变换方法及其在地震信号处理中的应用.地球物理学进展,2004,19(1) :8～15 Liu X W,Liu H,Li Y M.High resolution Radon transform and its application in seismic signal processing.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2004,19(1) :8～15
[16] 黄新武,吴律,牛滨华等.抛物线Radon变换中的参数采样与假频.石油大学学报(自然科学版),2003,27(2) :27～31 Huang X W,Wu L,Niu B H.Sampling and aliasing of parameters in parabolic Radon transform.Journal of the University of Petroleum,China (Edition of Natural Science)(in Chinese),2003,27(2) :27～31
[17] 牛滨华,孙春岩,张中杰等.多项式Radon变换.地球物理学报,2001,44(2) :263～271 Niu B H,Sun C Y,Zhang Z J.et al.Polynomial Radon transform.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2001,44 (2) :263～271
[18] 巩向博,韩立国,牛建军等.Radon变换在非规则观测系统中波场分离的应用.地球物理学进展,2008,23(6) :1886～1893 Gong X B,Han L G,Niu J J,et al.Wave field decomposition via Radon transform in the irregular observation system.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2008,23(6) :1886～1893
[19] 黄新武,吴 律,宋炜.拉东投影法三维叠前深度偏移.地球物理学报,2004,47(2) :321～326 Huang X W,Wu L,Song W.3-D pre-stack depth migration with Radon projection.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(2) :321～326
[20] Marfurt K J,Schineider R V,Mueller M C.Pitfalls of using conventional and discrete Radon transforms on poorly sampled data.Geophysics,1996,61(5) :1467～1482
[21] 许士勇,马在田.快速有效的转换波共转换点叠加技术.地球物理学报,2002,45(4) :557～568 Xu S Y,Ma Z T.A fast and efficient common conversion point stacking technique for converted waves.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2002,45(4) :557～568
[22] 程乾生.信号数字处理的数学原理.北京:石油工业出版社,1993． 323～332 Cheng Q S.The theory of digital signal processing (in Chinese).Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1993． 323～332
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