局部相关加权中值滤波技术及其在叠后随机噪声衰减中的应用
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摘要
随机噪声的衰减和同相轴连续性的提高可以极大地改善地震资料解释的精度.本文提出一种新的滤波技术,既能够有效地衰减随机噪声义可以很好地保护地震资料中的断层等信息不被破坏,增强地震剖面中弯曲、倾斜同相轴的连续性.该方法结合新的加权中值滤波技术和两种构造信息保护滤波策略,实现基于预测数据体和基于倾角走向的加权中值滤波.通过设计局部相关系数改进加权中值滤波器的特性,达到保护断层信息的效果.使用地震数据的局部倾角属性设计预测构造数据体和构造走向,进而构建两种滤波策略,通过匹配加权中值滤波器和不同的处理策略,达到保护断层信息和噪声衰减的平衡点.通过对比离散小波变换阈值去噪方法,理论模型和实际数据的处理结果证明了局部相关加权中值滤波技术的有效性.
Attenuation of random noise and enhancement of structural continuity can significantly improve the quality of seismic interpretation.We present a new technique,which aims at reducing random noise while protecting structural information.The technique is based on weighted median filter and two strategies for structural protection.We use local correlation coefficients to improve the characteristics of weighted median filter,and further protect the faults.Meanwhile,local slope attributes are used to form predictive datacube and structural direction,we use two different filtering strategies,which combines weighted median filter,to better control the balance between eliminating random noise and protecting structural information.Numerical tests using synthetic and field data show the effectiveness of the proposed weighted median filter when compared with discrete wavelet transform added thresholding.
Attenuation of random noise and enhancement of structural continuity can significantly improve the quality of seismic interpretation.We present a new technique,which aims at reducing random noise while protecting structural information.The technique is based on weighted median filter and two strategies for structural protection.We use local correlation coefficients to improve the characteristics of weighted median filter,and further protect the faults.Meanwhile,local slope attributes are used to form predictive datacube and structural direction,we use two different filtering strategies,which combines weighted median filter,to better control the balance between eliminating random noise and protecting structural information.Numerical tests using synthetic and field data show the effectiveness of the proposed weighted median filter when compared with discrete wavelet transform added thresholding.
引文
[1] 王振国,陈小宏,王学军等.沙漠地区老地震资料的处理技术及效果分析.勘探地球物理进展,2007,30:123～129 Wang Z G,Chen X H,Wang X J,et al.Processing of old seismic data from desert and its effect analysis.Progress in Exploration Geophysics (in Chinese),2007,30:123～129
[2] 金龙,陈小宏,刘其成.基于奇异值分解的时移地震互均衡方法.勘探地球物理进展,2005,20:294～297 Jin L,Chen X H,Liu Q C.New method for time-lapse seismic matching based on SVD.Progress in Exploration Geophysics (in Chinese),2005,20:294～297
[3] Fehmers G C,Hocker C F W.Fast structural interpretation with structure oriented filtering.Geophysics,2003,68:1286～1293
[4] Hoeber H,Brandwood S,Whitcombe D.Structurally consistent filtering.68th Annual International Conference and Exhibition,2006,EAGE,Expanded Abstracts
[5] Fomel S,Guitton A.Regularizing seismic inverse problems by model reparameterization using plane-wave construction.Geophysics,2006,71:A43～A47
[6] AlBinHassan N M,Luo Y,Al-Faraj M N.3-D edge-preserving smoothing and applications.Geophysics,2006,71:P5～P11
[7] Traonmilin Y,Herrmann P.Structurally consistent f-x filtering.78th Annual International Meeting,2008,SEG,Expanded Abstracts.2642～2646
[8] Lu Y,Lu W.Edge-preserving polynomial fitting method to suppress random seismic noise.Geophysics,2009,74:V69～V73
[9] Luo Y,Marhoon M,Al-Dossary S,Alfaraj M.Edge-preserving smoothing and applications.The Leading Edge,2002,21:136～158
[10] 李月,杨宝俊,赵雪平等.检测地震勘探微弱同相轴的混沌振子算法.地球物理学报,2005,48:1428～1433 Li Y,Yang B J,Zhao X P,et al.An algorithm of chaotic vibrator to detect weak events in seismic prospecting records.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48:1428～1433
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[12] 李月,林红波,杨宝俊等.强随机噪声条件下时窗类型局部线性化对TFPF技术的影响.地球物理学报,2009,52:1899～1906 Li Y,Lin H B,Yang B J,et al.The influence of limited linearization of time window on TFPT under the strong noise background.Chinese J,Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52:1899～1906
[13] 刘洋,Fomel Sergey,刘财等.高阶seislet变换及其在随机噪声消除中的应用.地球物理学报,2009,52:2142～2151 Liu Y,Fomel S,Liu C,et al.High-order seislet transform and its application of random noise attenuation.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52:2142～2151
[14] 王兆磊,周辉.在反演过程中利用不同范数准则压制噪声对反演结果的影响.地球物理学进展,2007,22(3) :919～923 Wang Z L,Zhou H.Using different kinds of norms to suppress the effect of noise in the course of inversion.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2007,22(3) :919～923
[15] 柳建新,韩世礼,马捷.小波分析在地震资料去噪中的应用.地球物理学进展,2006,21(2) :541～545 Liu J X,Han S L,Ma J.Application of wavelet analysis in seismic data denoising.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2006,21(2) :541～545
[16] 吴招才,刘天佑.地震数据去噪中的小波方法.地球物理学进展,2008,23(2) :493～499 Wu Z C,Liu T Y.Wavelet transform methods in seismic noise attenuation.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2008,23(2) :493～499
[17] Liu Y,Fomel S,Liu G C.Nonlinear structure-enhancing filtering using plane-wave prediction.Geophysical Prospecting,2009,S8:415～427
[18] Ottolini R.Signal/noise separation in dip space.SEP Report 37,1983:143～149
[19] Fomel S.Applications of plane-wave destruction filters.Geophysics,2002,67:1946～1960
[20] Schleicher J,Costa J C,Santos L T,et al.On the estimation of local slopes.Geophysics,2009,74:P25～P33
[21] 杜婧,王尚旭,刘国昌等.基于局部斜率属性的VSP波场分离研究.地球物理学报,2009,52:1867～1872 Du J,Wang S X,Liu G C,et al.VSP wavefield separation using local slopes attribute.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52:1867～1872
[22] Bednar J B.Applications of median filtering to deconvolution,pulse estimation,and statistical editing of seismic data.Geophysics,1983,48:1598～1610
[23] Duncan G,Beresford G.Some analyses of 2-D median f-k filters.Geophysics,1995,60:1157～1168
[24] Liu C,Liu Y,Yang B,et al.A 2D multistage median filter to reduce random seismic noise.Geophysics,2006,71:V105～V110
[25] 刘财,李红星,陶春辉等.模糊嵌套多级中值滤波方法及其在地震数据处理中的应用.地球物理学报,2007,50:1534～1542 Liu C,Li H X,Tao C H,et al.A new fuzzy nesting multilevel median filter and its application to seismic data processing.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50:1534～1542
[26] Liu Y,Liu C,Wang D.A ID time-varying median filter for seismic random,spike-like noise elimination.Geophysics,2009,74:V17～V24
[27] Brownrigg D R K.The weighted median filter.Communications of the ACM,1984,27:807～818
[28] Arce G R.A general weighted median filter structure admitting negative weights.IEEE Transaction on Signal Processing,1998,46:3195～3205
[29] Lin T.A new adaptive center weighted median filter for suppressing impulsive noise in images.Information Sciences,2007,177:1073～1087
[30] Edgeworth F Y.A new method of reducing observations relating to several quantities.Phil.Mag.(Fifth Series),1887,24:222～223
[31] Fomel S.Local seismic attributes.Geophysics,2007,27:A29～A33
[32] Liu G CFomel S,Jin J,et al.Stacking seismic data using local correlation.Geophysics,2009,74:V43～V48
[33] Claerbout J F.Basic Earth imaging.Stanford Exploration Project,2008,http://sepwww.Stanford,edu/sep/prof/
[34] Fomel S.Predictive painting of 3-D seismic volumes.Geophysics,2010,75:A25～A30
[35] 王典,刘财,刘洋等.基于提升算法和百分位数软阈值的小波去噪技术.地球物理学进展,2008,23:1124～1130 Wang D,Liu C Liu Y,et al.The application of wavelet transform based on lifting scheme and percentiles soft-threshold in seismic random noise elimination.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2008,23:1124～1130
[2] 金龙,陈小宏,刘其成.基于奇异值分解的时移地震互均衡方法.勘探地球物理进展,2005,20:294～297 Jin L,Chen X H,Liu Q C.New method for time-lapse seismic matching based on SVD.Progress in Exploration Geophysics (in Chinese),2005,20:294～297
[3] Fehmers G C,Hocker C F W.Fast structural interpretation with structure oriented filtering.Geophysics,2003,68:1286～1293
[4] Hoeber H,Brandwood S,Whitcombe D.Structurally consistent filtering.68th Annual International Conference and Exhibition,2006,EAGE,Expanded Abstracts
[5] Fomel S,Guitton A.Regularizing seismic inverse problems by model reparameterization using plane-wave construction.Geophysics,2006,71:A43～A47
[6] AlBinHassan N M,Luo Y,Al-Faraj M N.3-D edge-preserving smoothing and applications.Geophysics,2006,71:P5～P11
[7] Traonmilin Y,Herrmann P.Structurally consistent f-x filtering.78th Annual International Meeting,2008,SEG,Expanded Abstracts.2642～2646
[8] Lu Y,Lu W.Edge-preserving polynomial fitting method to suppress random seismic noise.Geophysics,2009,74:V69～V73
[9] Luo Y,Marhoon M,Al-Dossary S,Alfaraj M.Edge-preserving smoothing and applications.The Leading Edge,2002,21:136～158
[10] 李月,杨宝俊,赵雪平等.检测地震勘探微弱同相轴的混沌振子算法.地球物理学报,2005,48:1428～1433 Li Y,Yang B J,Zhao X P,et al.An algorithm of chaotic vibrator to detect weak events in seismic prospecting records.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48:1428～1433
[11] 高静怀,毛剑,满蔚仕等.叠前地震资料噪声衰减的小波域方法研究.地球物理学报,2006,49:1155～1163 Gao J H,Mao J,Man W S,et al.On the denoising method of prestack seismic data in wavelet domain.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49:1155～1163
[12] 李月,林红波,杨宝俊等.强随机噪声条件下时窗类型局部线性化对TFPF技术的影响.地球物理学报,2009,52:1899～1906 Li Y,Lin H B,Yang B J,et al.The influence of limited linearization of time window on TFPT under the strong noise background.Chinese J,Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52:1899～1906
[13] 刘洋,Fomel Sergey,刘财等.高阶seislet变换及其在随机噪声消除中的应用.地球物理学报,2009,52:2142～2151 Liu Y,Fomel S,Liu C,et al.High-order seislet transform and its application of random noise attenuation.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52:2142～2151
[14] 王兆磊,周辉.在反演过程中利用不同范数准则压制噪声对反演结果的影响.地球物理学进展,2007,22(3) :919～923 Wang Z L,Zhou H.Using different kinds of norms to suppress the effect of noise in the course of inversion.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2007,22(3) :919～923
[15] 柳建新,韩世礼,马捷.小波分析在地震资料去噪中的应用.地球物理学进展,2006,21(2) :541～545 Liu J X,Han S L,Ma J.Application of wavelet analysis in seismic data denoising.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2006,21(2) :541～545
[16] 吴招才,刘天佑.地震数据去噪中的小波方法.地球物理学进展,2008,23(2) :493～499 Wu Z C,Liu T Y.Wavelet transform methods in seismic noise attenuation.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2008,23(2) :493～499
[17] Liu Y,Fomel S,Liu G C.Nonlinear structure-enhancing filtering using plane-wave prediction.Geophysical Prospecting,2009,S8:415～427
[18] Ottolini R.Signal/noise separation in dip space.SEP Report 37,1983:143～149
[19] Fomel S.Applications of plane-wave destruction filters.Geophysics,2002,67:1946～1960
[20] Schleicher J,Costa J C,Santos L T,et al.On the estimation of local slopes.Geophysics,2009,74:P25～P33
[21] 杜婧,王尚旭,刘国昌等.基于局部斜率属性的VSP波场分离研究.地球物理学报,2009,52:1867～1872 Du J,Wang S X,Liu G C,et al.VSP wavefield separation using local slopes attribute.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52:1867～1872
[22] Bednar J B.Applications of median filtering to deconvolution,pulse estimation,and statistical editing of seismic data.Geophysics,1983,48:1598～1610
[23] Duncan G,Beresford G.Some analyses of 2-D median f-k filters.Geophysics,1995,60:1157～1168
[24] Liu C,Liu Y,Yang B,et al.A 2D multistage median filter to reduce random seismic noise.Geophysics,2006,71:V105～V110
[25] 刘财,李红星,陶春辉等.模糊嵌套多级中值滤波方法及其在地震数据处理中的应用.地球物理学报,2007,50:1534～1542 Liu C,Li H X,Tao C H,et al.A new fuzzy nesting multilevel median filter and its application to seismic data processing.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50:1534～1542
[26] Liu Y,Liu C,Wang D.A ID time-varying median filter for seismic random,spike-like noise elimination.Geophysics,2009,74:V17～V24
[27] Brownrigg D R K.The weighted median filter.Communications of the ACM,1984,27:807～818
[28] Arce G R.A general weighted median filter structure admitting negative weights.IEEE Transaction on Signal Processing,1998,46:3195～3205
[29] Lin T.A new adaptive center weighted median filter for suppressing impulsive noise in images.Information Sciences,2007,177:1073～1087
[30] Edgeworth F Y.A new method of reducing observations relating to several quantities.Phil.Mag.(Fifth Series),1887,24:222～223
[31] Fomel S.Local seismic attributes.Geophysics,2007,27:A29～A33
[32] Liu G CFomel S,Jin J,et al.Stacking seismic data using local correlation.Geophysics,2009,74:V43～V48
[33] Claerbout J F.Basic Earth imaging.Stanford Exploration Project,2008,http://sepwww.Stanford,edu/sep/prof/
[34] Fomel S.Predictive painting of 3-D seismic volumes.Geophysics,2010,75:A25～A30
[35] 王典,刘财,刘洋等.基于提升算法和百分位数软阈值的小波去噪技术.地球物理学进展,2008,23:1124～1130 Wang D,Liu C Liu Y,et al.The application of wavelet transform based on lifting scheme and percentiles soft-threshold in seismic random noise elimination.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2008,23:1124～1130
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