断层倾角对上/下盘效应的影响
|
摘要
上/下盘效应是近断层地震动的显著特征之一。上/下盘效应的影响因素很多,由于靠近断层,与震源相关的因素成为主导因素,尤其是断层倾角的影响最为明显。本文采用二维有限元数值模拟的方法模拟了近断层地震动,定量地考查了断层倾角对上/下盘效应的影响。结果表明:无论是走滑型断层还是倾滑型断层,随着断层倾角从0°~90°的增大过程中,上/下盘效应先迅速增大然后缓慢减小。
The hanging wall/footwall effect is one of the important characteristics of the near-fault ground motion.There are many factors that affect the hanging wall/footwall effect,however,in the near-fault zone,the factor related to the source mechanism is the most important one, especially the fault dip angle.In this article,the authors make use of the 2D finite element method to simulate the near-fault ground motion,then quantitatively investigate the influence of the fault-dip on the hanging wall/footwall effect.The result shows that for both the buried strike-slip faults and dip-slip faults,as the fault dip increases from 0°to 90°,the hanging wall/footwall effect immediately gets obvious first and then obscure gradually.
The hanging wall/footwall effect is one of the important characteristics of the near-fault ground motion.There are many factors that affect the hanging wall/footwall effect,however,in the near-fault zone,the factor related to the source mechanism is the most important one, especially the fault dip angle.In this article,the authors make use of the 2D finite element method to simulate the near-fault ground motion,then quantitatively investigate the influence of the fault-dip on the hanging wall/footwall effect.The result shows that for both the buried strike-slip faults and dip-slip faults,as the fault dip increases from 0°to 90°,the hanging wall/footwall effect immediately gets obvious first and then obscure gradually.
引文
[1]张晓志近断层强地面运动数值模拟研究[R].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2005
[2]刘启方,袁一凡,金星,丁海平.近断层地震动的基本特征[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(1);1-10.
[3]俞言祥,高孟谭.台湾集集地震近场地震动的上/下盘效应[J].地震学报,2004,23(6):615-621
[4]Aagaard,Brad T.Finite-Element Simulation of Earthquakes[D].California:California Institute of Technology,Pasadena,1999.
[5]Inoue T,Miyatake T.3D simulation of near-field strong ground motion based on dynamic modeling[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,1998,88(6):1445-1456.
[6]Abrahamson NA,Somerville P G.Effects of the hanging wall and footwall on ground motions recorded during the Northridge earthquake[J].BullSeism Soc Amer,86(1B):S93-S99.
[7]Chang Tsuiyu,Fabrice Cotton,Tsai Yiben,et al.Quantification of hanging wall/footwall effects on Ground Motion:Some Insights from the 1999Chi-Chi Earthquake[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,2004,94(6):2186-2197.
[8]Oglesby David D,Archuleta Ralph J,Nielen Stefan B.The Three-Dimensional Dynamics of Dipping Faults[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,2000,90(3):616-628.
[9]Somerville P G Characterized of near fault ground motions[C]//U.S.-Japan Workshop:Effects of Near-Field Earthquake Shaking,PEER andATC,2000,5:1?8.
[10]Aagaad Brad T,Hall John F,Heaton Thomas H.Characterization of Near-Source Ground Motions with Earthquake Simulations[J].EarthquakeSpectra,2001,17(2):177-207.
[11]张冬丽,陶夏新,周正华.关于有限断层计算模型的研究———考虑位错时、空不均匀分布的滑动时间函数[J].西北地震学报,2005,27(3):193-198
[12]廖振鹏.工程波动理论导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[13]Brune.Tectonic stress and the spectra of seismic shear waves from earthquakes[J].Journal Geophysical Research:1970,75(26):4997-5009.
[14]李小军.非线性场地地震反应分析方法的研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,1993.
[2]刘启方,袁一凡,金星,丁海平.近断层地震动的基本特征[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(1);1-10.
[3]俞言祥,高孟谭.台湾集集地震近场地震动的上/下盘效应[J].地震学报,2004,23(6):615-621
[4]Aagaard,Brad T.Finite-Element Simulation of Earthquakes[D].California:California Institute of Technology,Pasadena,1999.
[5]Inoue T,Miyatake T.3D simulation of near-field strong ground motion based on dynamic modeling[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,1998,88(6):1445-1456.
[6]Abrahamson NA,Somerville P G.Effects of the hanging wall and footwall on ground motions recorded during the Northridge earthquake[J].BullSeism Soc Amer,86(1B):S93-S99.
[7]Chang Tsuiyu,Fabrice Cotton,Tsai Yiben,et al.Quantification of hanging wall/footwall effects on Ground Motion:Some Insights from the 1999Chi-Chi Earthquake[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,2004,94(6):2186-2197.
[8]Oglesby David D,Archuleta Ralph J,Nielen Stefan B.The Three-Dimensional Dynamics of Dipping Faults[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,2000,90(3):616-628.
[9]Somerville P G Characterized of near fault ground motions[C]//U.S.-Japan Workshop:Effects of Near-Field Earthquake Shaking,PEER andATC,2000,5:1?8.
[10]Aagaad Brad T,Hall John F,Heaton Thomas H.Characterization of Near-Source Ground Motions with Earthquake Simulations[J].EarthquakeSpectra,2001,17(2):177-207.
[11]张冬丽,陶夏新,周正华.关于有限断层计算模型的研究———考虑位错时、空不均匀分布的滑动时间函数[J].西北地震学报,2005,27(3):193-198
[12]廖振鹏.工程波动理论导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[13]Brune.Tectonic stress and the spectra of seismic shear waves from earthquakes[J].Journal Geophysical Research:1970,75(26):4997-5009.
[14]李小军.非线性场地地震反应分析方法的研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,1993.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心