川西气田深层须家河组致密砂岩气藏成藏地质条件和勘探开发核心技术
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摘要
川西气田须家河组具有资源丰富、储层厚大、保存条件良好、圈闭发育、成藏配套条件良好等天然气成藏地质条件。大型古隆起和斜坡区是天然气区域成矿带,继承性发育的古构造是天然气富集的有利地区,相对优质储层发育是天然气富集和稳产的基础,裂缝发育是高产的关键,相对优质储层叠加规模裂缝构成高产富集带。气藏具有埋藏深、高应力、高压、高温、致密、非均质等特征,高产富集带预测和规模建产难度大。针对高产富集带特点和气藏工程地质特征,初步形成了转换波三维三分量地震勘探和超高压大型水力压裂开发两大核心技术。勘探开发成效表明,基于转换波三维三分量地震资料的高产富集带预测技术,能较好地解决川西气田深层须家河组致密裂缝型气藏优质储层识别、裂缝检测及含气性预测等问题。基于提高深层高应力储层单井产量的超高压大型压裂技术,能较好地解决川西气田深层须家河组致密气藏规模建产的难题。
The gas fields in the west of Sichuan Basin in Xujiahe formation have lots of geologic conditions of gas accumulation such as rich resources,thick reservoirs,good conservation conditions,trap growth and good matching conditions.The large scale palaeohigh and slope areas are the mineralization belts of the natural gas.The inherited palaeostructures are the enriched areas of the natural gas.The good development of relative high-quality reservoirs is the base of the gas enrichment and the stable production and fractures are the key point of high productivity.The productive enriched zone is made up of relative good reservoirs with a lot of sized fractures.The gas reservoirs have many characters of deep burial depth,high stress,high pressure,high temperature,tight rocks and the heterogeneity.It is difficult to predict the highly productive and enriched zones and to make the sized production.According to the features of highly productive and enriched zones and the gas reservoir engineering geology,it initially forms two key technologies:triaxial and three-component converted wave technology of seismic data and large-scale hydrofracturing at ultrahigh pressure.The result of exploration and exploitation shows that the former can effectively resolve many problems such as good reservoirs'identification,fractures detection and the gas bearing probability forecast of the deep Xujiahe formation in the west of Sichuan Basin.The latter based on the single well production's promotion of deep reservoirs with high stress can effectively work out the question how to construct the deliverability of the deep tight sand gas reservoir of Xujiahe formation in the west of Sichuan Basin.
The gas fields in the west of Sichuan Basin in Xujiahe formation have lots of geologic conditions of gas accumulation such as rich resources,thick reservoirs,good conservation conditions,trap growth and good matching conditions.The large scale palaeohigh and slope areas are the mineralization belts of the natural gas.The inherited palaeostructures are the enriched areas of the natural gas.The good development of relative high-quality reservoirs is the base of the gas enrichment and the stable production and fractures are the key point of high productivity.The productive enriched zone is made up of relative good reservoirs with a lot of sized fractures.The gas reservoirs have many characters of deep burial depth,high stress,high pressure,high temperature,tight rocks and the heterogeneity.It is difficult to predict the highly productive and enriched zones and to make the sized production.According to the features of highly productive and enriched zones and the gas reservoir engineering geology,it initially forms two key technologies:triaxial and three-component converted wave technology of seismic data and large-scale hydrofracturing at ultrahigh pressure.The result of exploration and exploitation shows that the former can effectively resolve many problems such as good reservoirs'identification,fractures detection and the gas bearing probability forecast of the deep Xujiahe formation in the west of Sichuan Basin.The latter based on the single well production's promotion of deep reservoirs with high stress can effectively work out the question how to construct the deliverability of the deep tight sand gas reservoir of Xujiahe formation in the west of Sichuan Basin.
引文
[1]蔡希源.深层致密砂岩气藏富集规律与勘探关键技术[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(6):707-714.
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[5]范小林,朱彤,潘文蕾,等.川西坳陷中段晚三叠世前陆盆地构造变形与油气勘探[J].石油实验地质,2002,24(1):25-28.
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[11]唐立章,张贵生,张晓鹏,等.川西须家河组致密砂岩成藏主控因素[J].天然气工业,2004,24(9):5-7.
[12]卢双舫,李宏涛,付广,等.天然气富集的主控因素剖析[J].天然气工业,2003,23(6):7-11.
[13]戴金星,王庭斌,宋岩.中国大中型天然气田形成条件与分布规律[M].北京:地质出版社,1997:10-80.
[14]戴金星,宋岩,张厚福.中国大中型气田形成的主要控制因素[J].中国科学:D辑,1996,26(6):481-486.
[15]王庭斌.中国大中型气田成藏的主控因素及勘探领域[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(5):572-582.
[16]吕正祥.川西孝泉构造上二叠统超致密储层演化特征[J].成都理工大学学报,2005,32(1):22-26.
[17]杨克明,叶军,吕正祥.川西坳陷上三叠统成藏年代学特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(2):208-213.
[18]曹烈,安凤山,王信.川西坳陷须家河组气藏与古构造关系[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(2):224-229.
[19]刘埃平,文龙,张闻林,等.川西地区上三叠统异常高压的分布特征及形成机制研究[J].天然气勘探开发,2004,27(4):3-8.
[20]杨克明,叶军,吕正祥.川西坳陷上三叠统须家河组天然气分布及成藏特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(5):501-505.
[21]刘保国.提高大牛地气田三维地震储层预测精度的思考[J].石油物探,2008,47(1):95-102.
[22]甘其刚,许多.川西深层致密碎屑岩气藏储层预测方法[J].石油物探,2008,47(6):593-597.
[23]甘其刚,高志平.宽方位AVA裂缝检测技术应用研究[J].天然气工业,2005,25(5):42-44.
[24]WANG Shize,GUO Xinjiang,LI Yong,et al.A geomechanicalapproach to enhancing well design and increasing drillingperformance in the Sichuan Xinchang Gas Field,China[C]//44th U.S.Rock Mechanics Symposium and 5th U.S.-CanadaRock Mechanics Symposium,June 27-30,2010,Salt LakeCity,Utah.
[25]李刚,郭新江,陈海龙,等.高密度酸加重酸化技术在川西深井异常高压气层增产中的应用[J].矿物岩石,2006,26(4):105-110.
[26]任山,黄禹忠,刘林,等.国产超高压压裂装备配套及在深层致密气藏的应用[J].钻采工艺,2010,33(6):46-48.
[2]郭正吾,邓康龄,韩永辉,等.四川盆地形成与演化[M].北京:地质出版社,1996:113-138.
[3]李勇,曾允孚,伊海生.龙门山前陆盆地沉积及构造演化[M].成都:成都科学技术出版社,1995:25-37.
[4]李书兵,何鲤,柳梅青.四川盆地晚三叠世以来陆相盆地演化史[J].天然气工业,1999,19(增):18-23.
[5]范小林,朱彤,潘文蕾,等.川西坳陷中段晚三叠世前陆盆地构造变形与油气勘探[J].石油实验地质,2002,24(1):25-28.
[6]李宗银,李耀华.川西前陆盆地上三叠统天然气有利区带评价[J].天然气勘探与开发,2004,27(2):1-4.
[7]郭东晓.川西上三叠统-侏罗系致密砂岩储集体特征[J].天然气工业,1999,19(增):50-52.
[8]杨克明,叶军,吕正祥.川西坳陷上三叠统须家河组天然气分布及成藏特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(5):501-505.
[9]刘树根,徐国盛,徐国强,等.四川盆地天然气成藏动力学初探[J].天然气地球科学,2004,15(4):323-330.
[10]徐国盛,刘树根,李仲东,等.四川盆地天然气成藏动力学[M].北京:地质出版社,2005:101-115.
[11]唐立章,张贵生,张晓鹏,等.川西须家河组致密砂岩成藏主控因素[J].天然气工业,2004,24(9):5-7.
[12]卢双舫,李宏涛,付广,等.天然气富集的主控因素剖析[J].天然气工业,2003,23(6):7-11.
[13]戴金星,王庭斌,宋岩.中国大中型天然气田形成条件与分布规律[M].北京:地质出版社,1997:10-80.
[14]戴金星,宋岩,张厚福.中国大中型气田形成的主要控制因素[J].中国科学:D辑,1996,26(6):481-486.
[15]王庭斌.中国大中型气田成藏的主控因素及勘探领域[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(5):572-582.
[16]吕正祥.川西孝泉构造上二叠统超致密储层演化特征[J].成都理工大学学报,2005,32(1):22-26.
[17]杨克明,叶军,吕正祥.川西坳陷上三叠统成藏年代学特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(2):208-213.
[18]曹烈,安凤山,王信.川西坳陷须家河组气藏与古构造关系[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(2):224-229.
[19]刘埃平,文龙,张闻林,等.川西地区上三叠统异常高压的分布特征及形成机制研究[J].天然气勘探开发,2004,27(4):3-8.
[20]杨克明,叶军,吕正祥.川西坳陷上三叠统须家河组天然气分布及成藏特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(5):501-505.
[21]刘保国.提高大牛地气田三维地震储层预测精度的思考[J].石油物探,2008,47(1):95-102.
[22]甘其刚,许多.川西深层致密碎屑岩气藏储层预测方法[J].石油物探,2008,47(6):593-597.
[23]甘其刚,高志平.宽方位AVA裂缝检测技术应用研究[J].天然气工业,2005,25(5):42-44.
[24]WANG Shize,GUO Xinjiang,LI Yong,et al.A geomechanicalapproach to enhancing well design and increasing drillingperformance in the Sichuan Xinchang Gas Field,China[C]//44th U.S.Rock Mechanics Symposium and 5th U.S.-CanadaRock Mechanics Symposium,June 27-30,2010,Salt LakeCity,Utah.
[25]李刚,郭新江,陈海龙,等.高密度酸加重酸化技术在川西深井异常高压气层增产中的应用[J].矿物岩石,2006,26(4):105-110.
[26]任山,黄禹忠,刘林,等.国产超高压压裂装备配套及在深层致密气藏的应用[J].钻采工艺,2010,33(6):46-48.
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