透射波勘探在寻找金属矿中的探讨
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摘要
传统地震勘探大都是以考察地层速度界面为主的反射波勘探,而在金属矿勘探中,由于矿体与围岩的物理性质差异较小,所以未必能形成天然的反射界面,从而严重影响了反射波勘探的效果.本文从透射波勘探理论出发,详细阐述了基于极值法波场二次重构技术下,矿体正演地震波场响应特征.再将子空间联合反演技术运用于矿体反演中,并取得实效.说明透射波勘探在固体矿产勘查中具有较强的可行性.
Common seismic probe mostly is reflected wave exploration which focuses on exploring stratigraphical boundary,but in Metal Minerals probe,there maybe is no crude reflector.becuse the difference of maters is not big enough between mineral and its wall rock,and as a result of this it is badly that the result of reflected wave exploration.In this paper,we begain with transmitted wave theory.and then discussed mineral seismic wave field response characteristic which base on double wave field reconstruction used extremum method for detail.Lastly,We introduced Shortest Path Method and Sub-Space Inversion Method into mineral inversion successfully,and the result has shew clearly that transmitted wave exploration has rich feasibility and practicability.
Common seismic probe mostly is reflected wave exploration which focuses on exploring stratigraphical boundary,but in Metal Minerals probe,there maybe is no crude reflector.becuse the difference of maters is not big enough between mineral and its wall rock,and as a result of this it is badly that the result of reflected wave exploration.In this paper,we begain with transmitted wave theory.and then discussed mineral seismic wave field response characteristic which base on double wave field reconstruction used extremum method for detail.Lastly,We introduced Shortest Path Method and Sub-Space Inversion Method into mineral inversion successfully,and the result has shew clearly that transmitted wave exploration has rich feasibility and practicability.
引文
[1]杨双安,张胤彬,许鴻安.煤田三维地震勘探技术的应用及发展前景.物探与化探,2004,28(6):500-503.Yang S A,Zhang Y B,Xu H A.The application anddevelopment trend of the three-dimensional seismic explorationtechnology in the coalfield.Geophysical and GeochemicalExploration(in Chinese),2004,28(6):500-503.
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[13]Bai C Y,Huang G J,Zhao R.2D/3Dirregular shortest-pathray tracing for multiple arrivals and its applications.GeophysJ.Int.,2010,183(3):1596-1612.
[14]唐小平,白超英.最短路径算法下三维层状介质中多次波追踪.地球物理学报,2009,52(10):2635-2643.Tang X P,Bai C Y.Multiple ray tracing within 3Dlayeredmedia with the shortest path method.Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),2009,52(10):2635-2643.
[15]唐小平,白超英.最短路径算法下二维层状介质中多次波追踪.地球物理学进展,2009,24(6):2087-2096.Tang X P,Bai C Y.Multiple ray tracing in 2Dlayered mediawith the shortest path method.Progress in Geophys.(inChinese),2009,24(6):2087-2096.
[16]Bai C Y,Tang X P,Zhao R.2-D/3-D multiply transmitted,converted and reflected arrivals in complex layered media withthe modified shortest path method.Geophys.J.Int.,2009,179(1):201-214.
[17]Rawlinson N,Sambridge M.Multiple reflection andtransmission phases in complex layered media using amultistage fast marching method.Geophysics,2004,69(5):1338-1350.
[18]De Kool M,Rawlinson N,Sambridge M.A practical grid-based method for tracking multiple refraction and reflectionphases in three-dimensional heterogeneous media.Geophys J.Int.,2006,167(1):253-270.
[19]张东,傅相如,杨艳等.基于LTI和网格界面剖分的三维地震射线追踪算法.地球物理学报,2009,52(9):2370-2376.Zhang D,Fu X R,Yang Y,et al.3D Seismic ray tracingalgorithm based on LTI and partition of grid interface.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(9):2370-2376.
[2]肖建华,胡宗正,林建发等.三位三分量地震勘探基础简介.中国煤炭地质,2000,12(3):45-51.Xiao J H,Hu Z Z,Lin J F,et al.Brief review on the basis of 3-dimention 3-components seismic exploration.Coal Geology ofChina(in Chinese),2000,12(3):45-51.
[3]李战业,尹军杰,王赘.地震散射波模拟成像在金属矿勘探中的应用.地质与物探,2009,45(2):80-84.Li Z Y,Yi J J,Wang A.The application of the numericalsimulation and imaging of seismic scattered wave in explorationof metal mineral deposits.Geology and Exploration(inChinese),2009,45(2):80-84.
[4]尹军杰,王伟,王赞等.地震散射波模拟成像方法在铜陵某矿区的应用.地球物理学进展,2009,24(4):1367-1376.Yin J J,Wang W,Wang Y,et al.A case study:the numericalsimulation and imaging of seismic scattered waves applied tothe Tongling ore field.Progress in Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,24(4):1367-1376.
[5]Rawlinson N,Sambridge M,Hauser J.Multipathing,reciprocaltraveltime fields and raylets.Geophys J.Int.,2010,181(2):1077-1092.
[6]唐小平,白超英,刘宽厚.分区多步最短路径极值法多值多次反射波追踪.地球物理学进展,2011,26(6):2064-2074.Tang X P,Bai C Y,Liu K H.Multivalued and multiplereflected raytracing with extreme value based on the multistagemodified shortest-path method.Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2011,26(6):2064-2074.
[7]Kennett B L N,Sambridge M S,Williamson P R.Subspacemethods for large inverse problems with multiple parameterclasses.Geophys J.,1988,94(2):237-247.
[8]Rawlinson N,Sambridge M.The fast marching method:Aneffective tool for tomographic imaging and tracking multiplephases in complex layered media.Explor.Geophys.,2005,36(4):341-350.
[9]Bai C Y,Greenhalgh S A.3-D non-linear travel time tomography:Imaging high contrast velocity Anomalies.Pure&AppliedGeophysics,2005,162(11):2029-2049.
[10]Hauser J,Sambridge M,Rawlinson N.Multiarrival wavefronttracking and its applications.Geochem.Geophys.Geosyst.,2008,9:Q11001,doi:10.1029/2008GC002069.
[11]黄国娇,白超英.二维复杂层状介质中地震多波走时联合反演成像.地球物理学报,2010,53(12):2972-2981.Huang G J,Bai C Y.Simultaneous inversion with multipletraveltimes within 2-D complex layered media.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2010,53(12):2972-2981.
[12]白超英,黄国娇,李忠生.三维复杂层状介质中多震相走时联合反演成像.地球物理学报,2011,54(1):182-192.Bai CY,Huang G J,Li Z S.Simultaneous inversion conbineingmultiple phase traveltimes with in 3Dcomplex layered media.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2011,54(1):182-192.
[13]Bai C Y,Huang G J,Zhao R.2D/3Dirregular shortest-pathray tracing for multiple arrivals and its applications.GeophysJ.Int.,2010,183(3):1596-1612.
[14]唐小平,白超英.最短路径算法下三维层状介质中多次波追踪.地球物理学报,2009,52(10):2635-2643.Tang X P,Bai C Y.Multiple ray tracing within 3Dlayeredmedia with the shortest path method.Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),2009,52(10):2635-2643.
[15]唐小平,白超英.最短路径算法下二维层状介质中多次波追踪.地球物理学进展,2009,24(6):2087-2096.Tang X P,Bai C Y.Multiple ray tracing in 2Dlayered mediawith the shortest path method.Progress in Geophys.(inChinese),2009,24(6):2087-2096.
[16]Bai C Y,Tang X P,Zhao R.2-D/3-D multiply transmitted,converted and reflected arrivals in complex layered media withthe modified shortest path method.Geophys.J.Int.,2009,179(1):201-214.
[17]Rawlinson N,Sambridge M.Multiple reflection andtransmission phases in complex layered media using amultistage fast marching method.Geophysics,2004,69(5):1338-1350.
[18]De Kool M,Rawlinson N,Sambridge M.A practical grid-based method for tracking multiple refraction and reflectionphases in three-dimensional heterogeneous media.Geophys J.Int.,2006,167(1):253-270.
[19]张东,傅相如,杨艳等.基于LTI和网格界面剖分的三维地震射线追踪算法.地球物理学报,2009,52(9):2370-2376.Zhang D,Fu X R,Yang Y,et al.3D Seismic ray tracingalgorithm based on LTI and partition of grid interface.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(9):2370-2376.
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