利用云南水管仪观测资料检测地球自由振荡
摘要
利用云南省数字化水管仪的观测资料,采用功率谱密度估计方法,在没有对资料进行去固体潮处理的情况下,准确获得了2004年12月26日苏门答腊大地震激发的0S4～0S30基频球型自由振荡,并与前人的观测结果进行比较,同时对照了PREM模型的理论计算周期,发现水管仪观测与这三者符合得非常好,除0S4振型的观测周期和周期1、周期2、周期3的相对误差均大于0.3%外,其余的差别在3‰以下。研究表明,利用数字化水管仪观测资料的确可以提取到苏门答腊大地震激发的地球球型振荡,这就为地球自由振荡的研究提供了一种新的观测手段。
By power spectrum density estimation,we extract the fundamental-frequency,spheroidal,free oscillation(0S3～0S26)of the Earth excited by the M9.0 Sumatra-Andaman great earthquake on 26 December 2004 from the data of digital water-tube tiltmeters from Yunlong seismic station,Yongsheng seismic station,and Chuxiong seismic station in Yunnan Province without eliminating the Earth's tide.Comparing the extracted free oscillation with those observed by Benioff with the strainmeter Isabella and by Ness with the gravimeter Lacoste-Romberg and referring to the period of the extracted oscillation with that of the theoretical oscillation from the Preliminary Reference Earth Model(PREM),we find that they are in very good accordance with each other;the relative errors of 0S4 period,period 1,period 2,period 3 are greater than 0.3% while the relative errors of other periods are less than 3‰.This proves that extracting the free oscillation of the Earth from the data of digital water tube tiltmeter is a new approach.
By power spectrum density estimation,we extract the fundamental-frequency,spheroidal,free oscillation(0S3～0S26)of the Earth excited by the M9.0 Sumatra-Andaman great earthquake on 26 December 2004 from the data of digital water-tube tiltmeters from Yunlong seismic station,Yongsheng seismic station,and Chuxiong seismic station in Yunnan Province without eliminating the Earth's tide.Comparing the extracted free oscillation with those observed by Benioff with the strainmeter Isabella and by Ness with the gravimeter Lacoste-Romberg and referring to the period of the extracted oscillation with that of the theoretical oscillation from the Preliminary Reference Earth Model(PREM),we find that they are in very good accordance with each other;the relative errors of 0S4 period,period 1,period 2,period 3 are greater than 0.3% while the relative errors of other periods are less than 3‰.This proves that extracting the free oscillation of the Earth from the data of digital water tube tiltmeter is a new approach.
引文
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雷湘鄂,孙和平,许厚泽,等.2007.苏门达腊地地震激发的地球自由振荡及其谱线分裂的检测与讨论[J].中国科学(D辑),37(4):504-511.
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N e ss N R,Harrison C T,Sliehter L B.1961.Observation of the free oscil-lation of the earth[J].J Geophy Res,66:621-629.
N is hida K,Kobayashi N.1999.Statistical features of Earth s continuousfree Geophys oscillations[J].J Geophys Res,104:28741-28750.
N o wroozi A A.1972.Characteristic periods of fundamental and overtoneoscillations of the earth following a deep-focus earthquake[J].BullSeism Soc Amer,62:247-274.
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R e sovsky J S,Pestana R,2003.Improved normal mode constraints on low-er mantle Vp fromgeneralized spectral fitting[J].Geophys Res Lett,30:1-4.
S te in S,Okal E A.2005a.Seismology:Speed and size of the Sumatraearthquake[J].Nature,434(7033):581-582.
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T a nimota T,UmJ.1999.Cause of continuous oscillations of the earth[J].J Geophys Res,104(B12):28723-28740.
T an imsota T,Um J,Nishida K,et a1.1998.Earth s continuous oscillationsobserved on seismically quiet days[J].Geophys Res Lett,25(10):1553-1556.
W i dmer-Schnidrig R.1999.Free oscillations illuminate the mantle[J].Nature,398(6725):292-293。.
Z ad ro M,Braitenberg C.1999.Measurements and interpretations of tilt-strain gauges in seismically active areas[J].Earth Science Reviews,47:151-187.
雷湘鄂,孙和平,许厚泽,等.2007.苏门达腊地地震激发的地球自由振荡及其谱线分裂的检测与讨论[J].中国科学(D辑),37(4):504-511.
雷湘鄂,许厚泽,孙和平.2002.利用超导重力观测资料检测地球自由振荡[J].科学通报,47(18),1432-1436.
刘希强,周蕙兰.1998.地震各向异性研究进展[J].地震研究,21(2):185-195.
邱泽华,马瑾,池顺良,等.2007.钻孔差应变仪观测的苏门答腊大地震激发的地球环型自由振荡[J].地球物理学报,50(3):797-805.
任佳,陈华静,王松,等.2009.汶川大地震激发的地球球型自由振荡[J].中国地震,25(1):73-80.
万永革,盛书中,周公威.2007.中国数字地震台网记录的苏门答腊—安达曼地震激发的地球球型自由振荡的检测[J].地震学报,29(4):369-381.
万永革.2007.数字信号处理的MATLAB实现[M].北京:科学出版社,252-279.
徐彦,苏有锦,秦嘉政.2004.Q值研究动态[J].地震研究,27(4):385-389.
A ls op L E,Sutton G H,Ewing M.1961.Free oscillation of Earth observedon strain and pendulum seismographs[J].J Geophy Res,66(2):631-641.
B e nioff H,Press F,Smith S.1961.Excitation of the free oscillations of theearth by earthquakes[J].J Geophy Res,66(2):605-619.
B e roza G C,Jordan T H.1990.Searching for slow and silent earthquakesusing free oscillations[J].J Geophy Res,95(B3):2485-2510.
B o gert B P.1961.An observation of free oscillations of the Earth[J].JGeophy Res,66(2):643-646.
B o lt B A,Currie R G.1975.Maximum entropy estimates of Earth torsionaleigenperiods from1960trieste data[J].Geophys J R Astr Soc,40:107-114.
D zi ewonski A M,Gillbert F.1972.Observation of normal modes from84recordings of the Alaskan earthquakes0f1964March28[J].Geo-phys J R Astr Soc,27:393-446.
L am b H.1882.On the variations of an elastic sphere[J].Lond Math SocProc,13:233-256.
N e ss N R,Harrison C T,Sliehter L B.1961.Observation of the free oscil-lation of the earth[J].J Geophy Res,66:621-629.
N is hida K,Kobayashi N.1999.Statistical features of Earth s continuousfree Geophys oscillations[J].J Geophys Res,104:28741-28750.
N o wroozi A A.1972.Characteristic periods of fundamental and overtoneoscillations of the earth following a deep-focus earthquake[J].BullSeism Soc Amer,62:247-274.
P a rk J,Song TA,Tromp J,et al.2005.Earth s free oscillations excited bythe26December2004Sumatra Andaman earthquake[J].Science,308:1139-1146.
R e sovsky J S,Pestana R,2003.Improved normal mode constraints on low-er mantle Vp fromgeneralized spectral fitting[J].Geophys Res Lett,30:1-4.
S te in S,Okal E A.2005a.Seismology:Speed and size of the Sumatraearthquake[J].Nature,434(7033):581-582.
S te in S,Okal E A.2005b.The2004Sumatra earthquake and India oceant sunami:What happened and why[J].The Earth s Scientist,2:6-11.
T a nimota T,UmJ.1999.Cause of continuous oscillations of the earth[J].J Geophys Res,104(B12):28723-28740.
T an imsota T,Um J,Nishida K,et a1.1998.Earth s continuous oscillationsobserved on seismically quiet days[J].Geophys Res Lett,25(10):1553-1556.
W i dmer-Schnidrig R.1999.Free oscillations illuminate the mantle[J].Nature,398(6725):292-293。.
Z ad ro M,Braitenberg C.1999.Measurements and interpretations of tilt-strain gauges in seismically active areas[J].Earth Science Reviews,47:151-187.
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