准噶尔盆地南缘中生代正反转构造分析
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摘要
本文以地质露头、钻井和测井资料为约束,运用断层相关褶皱理论解释了新处理的准噶尔盆地南缘94条工业地震反射剖面,并通过数值模拟实验以及平衡剖面恢复技术,合理地再现了准噶尔盆地南缘第一排褶皱冲断带中生代构造演化的运动学过程。研究结果表明准噶尔盆地南缘中三叠世—中侏罗世为拉张环境,喀拉扎正断层、昌吉正断层发育,并控制中-上三叠统一中-下侏罗统沉积;中-晚侏罗世转变为挤压环境,早期正断裂发生反转,同时控制第一排背斜带的齐古逆断裂开始发育,齐古背斜、昌吉背斜雏形形成;上新世(N_2)再次发生强烈挤压,齐古背斜、昌吉背斜和喀拉扎背斜最终定型。
The dynamic of the first-order fold-thrust belts were modeled by the combination of the numerical modeling and balanced cross-section techniques,with the constraints from the outcrop,well drilling and logging data.Moreover,94 seismic sections collected from southern margin of the Junggar Basin were analyzed with the fault-related fold theory.The results indicate that the Junggar Basin showing extensional conditions with the development of the Kalazha and Changji normal faults from the Middle Triassic to Middle Jurassic.This tectonic frame was in charge of the sedimentary characteristics;the switch of the stress field from the extension to compression occurred in the Middle-Late Jurassic.As a result of this switch,normal faults developed earlier reversed to reverse fault(Qigu fault) and controlled the initial development of the first-order anticlines.Meanwhile,the initial from of the Qigu and Changji anticlines developed;The Qigu,Changji and Kalazha anticlines finally shaped with the strong compression.
The dynamic of the first-order fold-thrust belts were modeled by the combination of the numerical modeling and balanced cross-section techniques,with the constraints from the outcrop,well drilling and logging data.Moreover,94 seismic sections collected from southern margin of the Junggar Basin were analyzed with the fault-related fold theory.The results indicate that the Junggar Basin showing extensional conditions with the development of the Kalazha and Changji normal faults from the Middle Triassic to Middle Jurassic.This tectonic frame was in charge of the sedimentary characteristics;the switch of the stress field from the extension to compression occurred in the Middle-Late Jurassic.As a result of this switch,normal faults developed earlier reversed to reverse fault(Qigu fault) and controlled the initial development of the first-order anticlines.Meanwhile,the initial from of the Qigu and Changji anticlines developed;The Qigu,Changji and Kalazha anticlines finally shaped with the strong compression.
引文
蔡忠贤,陈发景,贾振远.2000.准噶尔盆地的类型和构造演化.地学前缘,7(4):431-440.Cai Zhongxian,Chen Fajing and Jia Zhenyuan.2000.Types and tectonic evolution of Junger Basin.Earth Science Frontiers,??7(4):431—440.
陈书平,漆家福,于福生等.2007.准噶尔盆地南缘构造变形特征及其主控因素.地质学报,81(2):151-157.Chen Shuping,Qi Jiafu,Yu Fusheng et al.2007.Deformation characteristics in the southern margin of the Junggar Basin and their controlling factors.Acta Geologica Sinica,81(2):151—157.
陈新,卢华复,舒良树等.2002.准噶尔盆地构造演化分析新进展.高校地质学报,8(3):257-267.Chen Xin,Lu Huafu,Shu Liangshu et al.2002.Study on tectonic evolution of Junggar Basin.Geological Journal of China Universities,8(3):257—267.
陈昭年,陈发景.1995.反转构造与油气圈闭.地学前缘,2(3):96-101.Chen Zhaonian and Chen Fajing.1995.Inversion structures and their relation-ship to traps of oil and gas.Earth Science Frontiers,2(3):96—101.
邓起东,冯先岳,张培震等.1999.乌鲁木齐山前坳陷逆断裂褶皱带及其形成机制.地学前缘,6(4):191-201.Deng Qidong,Feng Xianyue,Zhang Peizhen et al.1999.Reverse fault and fold zone in the Orumqi range-front depression of the northern Tianshan and its genetic mechanism.Earth Science Frontiers,6(4):191—201.
邓起东,冯先岳,张培震等.2000.天山活动构造.北京:地震出版社.199-213.Deng Qidong,Feng Xianyue,Zhang Peizhen et al.2000.Active Tectonics of the Tian Shan Mountains.Beijing:Seismology Press.199—213.
方世虎,郭召杰,张志诚等.2004.准噶尔盆地中生代演化的地层学和沉积学证据.高校地质学报,10(4):554--561.Fang Shihu,Guo Zhaojie,Zhang Zhicheng et al.2004.Mesozoic tectonic evolution of southern Junggar Basin,northwestern China;Constraints from stratigraphic and sedimentologic evidences.Geological Journal of China Universities,10(4):554—561.
方世虎,郭召杰,宋岩等.20058.准噶尔盆地南缘侏罗纪沉积相演化与盆地格局.古地理学报,7(3):347-356.Fang Shihu,Guo Zhaojie,Song Yan et al.2005a.Sedimentary facies evolution and basin pattern of the Jurassic in southern margin area of Junggar Basin.Journal of Palaeogeography,7(3):347—356.
方世虎,贾承造,宋岩等.2005b.准南前陆盆地燕山期构造活动及其成藏意义.地学前缘,12(3):67-76.Fang Shihu,Jia Chengzao,Song Yan et al.2005b.The tectonism during Yanshan Period in southern Junggar foreland basin and its implications for hydrocarbon accumulation.Earth Science Frontiers,12(3):67—76.
方世虎,郭召杰,吴朝东等.2006.准噶尔盆地南缘侏罗系碎屑成分特征及其对构造属性、盆山格局的指示意义.地质学报,80(2):196-209.Fang Shihu,Guo Zhaojie,Wu Chaodong et al.2006.Jurassic clastic composition in the southern Junggar Basin,northwest China;Implications for basin-range pattern and tectonic attributes.Acta Geologica Sinica,80(2):196—209.
何登发,陈新发,张义杰等.2004.准噶尔盆地油气富集规律.石油学报,25(3):1-10.He Dengfa,Chen Xinfa,Zhang Yijie et al.2004.Enrichment characteristics of oil and gas in Jungar Basin.Acta Petrolei sinica,25(3):1—10.
胡望水.1993.正反转构造的成因类型.江汉石油学院学报,15(4):19-25.Hu Wangshui.1993.Genetic types of positive inverted structures.Journal of Jiangkan Petroleum Institute,15(4);19—25.
胡望水.1996.松辽盆地北部正反转构造与油气聚集.天然气工业,16(5):20-24.Hu Wangshui.1996.The inversion structures with hydrocarbon accumulation in the northern Songliao Basin.Natural Gas Industry,16(5):20—24.
李忠权,陈更生,张寿庭.1998.新疆准噶尔盆地南缘拉张伸展动力学环境的探讨.高校地质学报,4(1):73-78.Li Zhongquan,Chen Gengsheng and Zhang Shouting.1998.Discussion on the extensional dynamic setting in the south border of Junggar Basin,Xinjiang,China.Geological Journal of China Universities,4(1):73—78.
刘和甫,汪泽成,熊保贤等.2000.中国西部中、新生代前陆盆地与挤压造山带耦合分析.地学前缘,7(3):55--72.Liu Hefu,Wang Zecheng,Xiong Baoxian et al.2000.Coupling analysis of Mesozoic-cenozoic foreland basin and mountain system in central and western China.Earth Science Frontiers,7(3):55—72.
王国纯.1995.中国近海盆地的正反转构造及其石油地质意义.中国海上油气(地质),9(1):33-40.??Wang Guoehun.1995.Positive inversion structures and their significance to petroleum geology in China.China Offshore Oil and Gas,9(1):33—40.
王燮培,严俊君,林军.1989.反转构造及其石油地质意义.地球科学,14(1):101-108.Wang Xiepei,Yan Junjun and Lin Jun,1989.The inverted structure and its significance in petroleum geology.Earth Science,14(1):101—108.
吴孔友,查明,王绪龙等.2005.准噶尔盆地构造演化与动力学背景再认识.地球学报,26(3):217-222.Wu Kongyou,Zha Ming,Wang Xulong et al.2005.Further researches on the tectonic evolution and dynamic setting of the Junggar Basin.Acta Geoscientica Sinica,26(3):217—222,
吴庆福.1986.准噶尔盆地构造演化与找油领域.新疆地质,4(3):4-22.Wu Qingfu.1986.Structural evolution and prospects of Junggar Basin.Xinjiang Geology,4(3):4—22.
肖序常,汤耀庆,冯益民等.1992.新疆北部及其邻区大地构造.北京:地质出版社.1-169.Xiao Xuchang,Tang Yaoqing,Feng Yimin et al.1992.Tectonic Evolution of Northern Xinjiang and Its Adjacent Regions.Beijing:Geological Publishing House.1—169.
杨福忠,罗良,贾东等.2011.印尼东爪哇盆地新生代构造演化.高校地质学报,17(2):240-248.Yang Fuzhong,Luo Liang,Jia Dong et al.2011.Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the east Java Basin,Indonesia.Geological Journal of China Universities,17(2):240—248.
张朝军,何登发,吴晓智等.2006.准噶尔多旋回叠合盆地的形成与演化.中国石油勘探,11(1):7-58.Zhang Chaojun,He Dengfa,Wu Xiaozhi et al.2006.Formation and evolution of multicycle superimposed basins in Junggar Basin.China Petroleum Exploration,11(1):7—58.
张功成,陈新发,刘楼军等.1999.准噶尔盆地结构构造与油气田分布.石油学报,20(1):13-181.Zhang Gongcheng,Chen Xinfa,Liu Loujun et al.1999.The tectonic evolution,architecture and petroleum distribution in the Zhungaer Basin in China.Acta Petrolei Sinica,20(1);13—181.
张功成,徐宏,刘和甫等.1996.松辽盆地反转构造与油气田分布.石油学报,17(2):9-13.Zhang Gongcheng,Xu Hong,Liu Hefu et al.1996.Inversion structures in relation to oil and gas field distribution in Songliao Basin.Acta Petrolei Sinica,17(2):9—13.
张青林,佟殿君,王明君.2005.松辽盆地十屋断陷反转构造与油气聚集.大地构造与成矿学,29(2):182-188.Zhang Qinglin,Tong Dianjun and Wang Mingjun.2005.Relationship between inversion structures and hydrocarbon accumulation in Shiwu fault depression of Songliao Basin.Geotectonica et Metallogenia,29(2):182—188.
赵白.1992.准噶尔盆地的形成与演化.新疆石油地质,13(3):191-196.Zhao Bai.1992.Formation and evolution of Junggar Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,13(3):191—196.
Bally A W.1983.Tectogen6se et seismique reflexion.Bulletin de la Soci4t4 Ge'alogique de France J{2);279—285.
Buchanan P G and McClay K R.1991.Sandbox experiments of inverted listric and planar fault systems.Tectonophysics,188(1—2):97—115.
Bucher W H.1933.The Deformation of the Earth's Crust.Princeton;Princeton University Press.1—518.
Burchfiel B C,Brown E T,Deng Q D et al.1999.Crustal shortening on the margins of the Tien Shan,Xinjiang,China.International Geology Review,41(8);665—700.
Chamberlin R T.1910.The Appalachian folds of central Pennsylvania.The Journal of Geology,18(3):228—251.
Cooper M A and Williams G D.1989.Inversion Tectonics.London:Geological Society Special Publication 44.17—39.
Dahlstrom C D A.1969.Balance cross sections.Canadian Journal of Earth Science,6(4);743—757.
Glennie K W and Boegner P L E.1981.Sole pit inversion tectonics.In:Illing L V and Hobson G D(Eds.).Petroleum Geology of the Continental Shelf of Northwest Europe.London:Institute of Petroleum.110—120.
Harding T P.1983.Structural inversion at Rambuton oil field,south Sumatra Basin.AAPG Bulletin,63(8):1001—1021.
Hendrix M S,Graham S A,Carroll A R et al.1992.Sedimentary record and climatic implications of recurrent deformation in the Tian Shan:Evidence from Mesozoic strata of the north Tarim,south Junggar,and Turpan basins,northwest China.GSA Bulletin,104(1):53—79.
Lamplugh G W.1920.Structure of the weald and analogues tracts.Quarterly Journal Geological Society,75:LⅩⅩⅢ/XCT.Mitra S.1993.Geometry and kinematic evolution of inversion strutures.AAPG Bulletin,77(7):1159—1191.
Graham S A,Hendrix M S,Wang L B et al.1993.CoUisional successor basins of western China;Impact of tectonic inheritance on sand composition.GSA Bulletin,105(3):323—344.
Williams G D,Powell C M and Cooper M A.1989.Geometry and kinematics of inversion tectonics.Geological Society,London,Special Publications,44:3—15.
陈书平,漆家福,于福生等.2007.准噶尔盆地南缘构造变形特征及其主控因素.地质学报,81(2):151-157.Chen Shuping,Qi Jiafu,Yu Fusheng et al.2007.Deformation characteristics in the southern margin of the Junggar Basin and their controlling factors.Acta Geologica Sinica,81(2):151—157.
陈新,卢华复,舒良树等.2002.准噶尔盆地构造演化分析新进展.高校地质学报,8(3):257-267.Chen Xin,Lu Huafu,Shu Liangshu et al.2002.Study on tectonic evolution of Junggar Basin.Geological Journal of China Universities,8(3):257—267.
陈昭年,陈发景.1995.反转构造与油气圈闭.地学前缘,2(3):96-101.Chen Zhaonian and Chen Fajing.1995.Inversion structures and their relation-ship to traps of oil and gas.Earth Science Frontiers,2(3):96—101.
邓起东,冯先岳,张培震等.1999.乌鲁木齐山前坳陷逆断裂褶皱带及其形成机制.地学前缘,6(4):191-201.Deng Qidong,Feng Xianyue,Zhang Peizhen et al.1999.Reverse fault and fold zone in the Orumqi range-front depression of the northern Tianshan and its genetic mechanism.Earth Science Frontiers,6(4):191—201.
邓起东,冯先岳,张培震等.2000.天山活动构造.北京:地震出版社.199-213.Deng Qidong,Feng Xianyue,Zhang Peizhen et al.2000.Active Tectonics of the Tian Shan Mountains.Beijing:Seismology Press.199—213.
方世虎,郭召杰,张志诚等.2004.准噶尔盆地中生代演化的地层学和沉积学证据.高校地质学报,10(4):554--561.Fang Shihu,Guo Zhaojie,Zhang Zhicheng et al.2004.Mesozoic tectonic evolution of southern Junggar Basin,northwestern China;Constraints from stratigraphic and sedimentologic evidences.Geological Journal of China Universities,10(4):554—561.
方世虎,郭召杰,宋岩等.20058.准噶尔盆地南缘侏罗纪沉积相演化与盆地格局.古地理学报,7(3):347-356.Fang Shihu,Guo Zhaojie,Song Yan et al.2005a.Sedimentary facies evolution and basin pattern of the Jurassic in southern margin area of Junggar Basin.Journal of Palaeogeography,7(3):347—356.
方世虎,贾承造,宋岩等.2005b.准南前陆盆地燕山期构造活动及其成藏意义.地学前缘,12(3):67-76.Fang Shihu,Jia Chengzao,Song Yan et al.2005b.The tectonism during Yanshan Period in southern Junggar foreland basin and its implications for hydrocarbon accumulation.Earth Science Frontiers,12(3):67—76.
方世虎,郭召杰,吴朝东等.2006.准噶尔盆地南缘侏罗系碎屑成分特征及其对构造属性、盆山格局的指示意义.地质学报,80(2):196-209.Fang Shihu,Guo Zhaojie,Wu Chaodong et al.2006.Jurassic clastic composition in the southern Junggar Basin,northwest China;Implications for basin-range pattern and tectonic attributes.Acta Geologica Sinica,80(2):196—209.
何登发,陈新发,张义杰等.2004.准噶尔盆地油气富集规律.石油学报,25(3):1-10.He Dengfa,Chen Xinfa,Zhang Yijie et al.2004.Enrichment characteristics of oil and gas in Jungar Basin.Acta Petrolei sinica,25(3):1—10.
胡望水.1993.正反转构造的成因类型.江汉石油学院学报,15(4):19-25.Hu Wangshui.1993.Genetic types of positive inverted structures.Journal of Jiangkan Petroleum Institute,15(4);19—25.
胡望水.1996.松辽盆地北部正反转构造与油气聚集.天然气工业,16(5):20-24.Hu Wangshui.1996.The inversion structures with hydrocarbon accumulation in the northern Songliao Basin.Natural Gas Industry,16(5):20—24.
李忠权,陈更生,张寿庭.1998.新疆准噶尔盆地南缘拉张伸展动力学环境的探讨.高校地质学报,4(1):73-78.Li Zhongquan,Chen Gengsheng and Zhang Shouting.1998.Discussion on the extensional dynamic setting in the south border of Junggar Basin,Xinjiang,China.Geological Journal of China Universities,4(1):73—78.
刘和甫,汪泽成,熊保贤等.2000.中国西部中、新生代前陆盆地与挤压造山带耦合分析.地学前缘,7(3):55--72.Liu Hefu,Wang Zecheng,Xiong Baoxian et al.2000.Coupling analysis of Mesozoic-cenozoic foreland basin and mountain system in central and western China.Earth Science Frontiers,7(3):55—72.
王国纯.1995.中国近海盆地的正反转构造及其石油地质意义.中国海上油气(地质),9(1):33-40.??Wang Guoehun.1995.Positive inversion structures and their significance to petroleum geology in China.China Offshore Oil and Gas,9(1):33—40.
王燮培,严俊君,林军.1989.反转构造及其石油地质意义.地球科学,14(1):101-108.Wang Xiepei,Yan Junjun and Lin Jun,1989.The inverted structure and its significance in petroleum geology.Earth Science,14(1):101—108.
吴孔友,查明,王绪龙等.2005.准噶尔盆地构造演化与动力学背景再认识.地球学报,26(3):217-222.Wu Kongyou,Zha Ming,Wang Xulong et al.2005.Further researches on the tectonic evolution and dynamic setting of the Junggar Basin.Acta Geoscientica Sinica,26(3):217—222,
吴庆福.1986.准噶尔盆地构造演化与找油领域.新疆地质,4(3):4-22.Wu Qingfu.1986.Structural evolution and prospects of Junggar Basin.Xinjiang Geology,4(3):4—22.
肖序常,汤耀庆,冯益民等.1992.新疆北部及其邻区大地构造.北京:地质出版社.1-169.Xiao Xuchang,Tang Yaoqing,Feng Yimin et al.1992.Tectonic Evolution of Northern Xinjiang and Its Adjacent Regions.Beijing:Geological Publishing House.1—169.
杨福忠,罗良,贾东等.2011.印尼东爪哇盆地新生代构造演化.高校地质学报,17(2):240-248.Yang Fuzhong,Luo Liang,Jia Dong et al.2011.Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the east Java Basin,Indonesia.Geological Journal of China Universities,17(2):240—248.
张朝军,何登发,吴晓智等.2006.准噶尔多旋回叠合盆地的形成与演化.中国石油勘探,11(1):7-58.Zhang Chaojun,He Dengfa,Wu Xiaozhi et al.2006.Formation and evolution of multicycle superimposed basins in Junggar Basin.China Petroleum Exploration,11(1):7—58.
张功成,陈新发,刘楼军等.1999.准噶尔盆地结构构造与油气田分布.石油学报,20(1):13-181.Zhang Gongcheng,Chen Xinfa,Liu Loujun et al.1999.The tectonic evolution,architecture and petroleum distribution in the Zhungaer Basin in China.Acta Petrolei Sinica,20(1);13—181.
张功成,徐宏,刘和甫等.1996.松辽盆地反转构造与油气田分布.石油学报,17(2):9-13.Zhang Gongcheng,Xu Hong,Liu Hefu et al.1996.Inversion structures in relation to oil and gas field distribution in Songliao Basin.Acta Petrolei Sinica,17(2):9—13.
张青林,佟殿君,王明君.2005.松辽盆地十屋断陷反转构造与油气聚集.大地构造与成矿学,29(2):182-188.Zhang Qinglin,Tong Dianjun and Wang Mingjun.2005.Relationship between inversion structures and hydrocarbon accumulation in Shiwu fault depression of Songliao Basin.Geotectonica et Metallogenia,29(2):182—188.
赵白.1992.准噶尔盆地的形成与演化.新疆石油地质,13(3):191-196.Zhao Bai.1992.Formation and evolution of Junggar Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,13(3):191—196.
Bally A W.1983.Tectogen6se et seismique reflexion.Bulletin de la Soci4t4 Ge'alogique de France J{2);279—285.
Buchanan P G and McClay K R.1991.Sandbox experiments of inverted listric and planar fault systems.Tectonophysics,188(1—2):97—115.
Bucher W H.1933.The Deformation of the Earth's Crust.Princeton;Princeton University Press.1—518.
Burchfiel B C,Brown E T,Deng Q D et al.1999.Crustal shortening on the margins of the Tien Shan,Xinjiang,China.International Geology Review,41(8);665—700.
Chamberlin R T.1910.The Appalachian folds of central Pennsylvania.The Journal of Geology,18(3):228—251.
Cooper M A and Williams G D.1989.Inversion Tectonics.London:Geological Society Special Publication 44.17—39.
Dahlstrom C D A.1969.Balance cross sections.Canadian Journal of Earth Science,6(4);743—757.
Glennie K W and Boegner P L E.1981.Sole pit inversion tectonics.In:Illing L V and Hobson G D(Eds.).Petroleum Geology of the Continental Shelf of Northwest Europe.London:Institute of Petroleum.110—120.
Harding T P.1983.Structural inversion at Rambuton oil field,south Sumatra Basin.AAPG Bulletin,63(8):1001—1021.
Hendrix M S,Graham S A,Carroll A R et al.1992.Sedimentary record and climatic implications of recurrent deformation in the Tian Shan:Evidence from Mesozoic strata of the north Tarim,south Junggar,and Turpan basins,northwest China.GSA Bulletin,104(1):53—79.
Lamplugh G W.1920.Structure of the weald and analogues tracts.Quarterly Journal Geological Society,75:LⅩⅩⅢ/XCT.Mitra S.1993.Geometry and kinematic evolution of inversion strutures.AAPG Bulletin,77(7):1159—1191.
Graham S A,Hendrix M S,Wang L B et al.1993.CoUisional successor basins of western China;Impact of tectonic inheritance on sand composition.GSA Bulletin,105(3):323—344.
Williams G D,Powell C M and Cooper M A.1989.Geometry and kinematics of inversion tectonics.Geological Society,London,Special Publications,44:3—15.
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