组合激发参数理论分析
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摘要
本文将相控阵理论技术应用于组合激发理论分析中,给出了理论信噪比的定义及计算方法。通过改变震源数目、组内距和波长等参数控制相邻震源的波程差,使各震源产生的地震波在某一方向同相叠加,进而使理论信噪比最大化。同时利用波动方程正演,验证了理论信噪比与主要组合参数的内在关系,剖析了复杂地区组合激发压制噪声提高信噪比的机理,从而设计出最佳的组合激发震源数目、组内距等参数。
Source pattern theoretical analysis is performed in this paper using phased-array control theory and the definition of theoretical signal-tonoise ratio(SNR)and its calculation method are presented.By changing parameters such as source element number,element interval and wavelength to control wave path difference between adjacent source elements,seismic waves generated by each source element are stacked in an in-phase manner in a certain direction,and the theoretical signal-tonoise ratio becomes maximized.Taking advantage of the wave equation forward modeling to verify the inner relation between theoretical signal-tonoise ratio and the main source pattern parameters,we dissect the mechanism that source pattern can suppress noise and improve signal-to-noise ratio in complex areas.So,the best source pattern parameters including source element number and element interval can be designed.
Source pattern theoretical analysis is performed in this paper using phased-array control theory and the definition of theoretical signal-tonoise ratio(SNR)and its calculation method are presented.By changing parameters such as source element number,element interval and wavelength to control wave path difference between adjacent source elements,seismic waves generated by each source element are stacked in an in-phase manner in a certain direction,and the theoretical signal-tonoise ratio becomes maximized.Taking advantage of the wave equation forward modeling to verify the inner relation between theoretical signal-tonoise ratio and the main source pattern parameters,we dissect the mechanism that source pattern can suppress noise and improve signal-to-noise ratio in complex areas.So,the best source pattern parameters including source element number and element interval can be designed.
引文
[1]黄洪泽.沙漠区浅井组合法的生命力.石油物探,1984,23(4):99～101Huang Hongze.The vitality of shallow-well combi-nation in desert area.GPP,1984,23(4):9～101
[2]刘怀山,王玉岭.组合爆炸法在高分辨率地震勘探中的应用.石油地球物理勘探,1990,25(6):734～743Liu Huaishan,Wang Yuling.Multiple shot array ap-plied in high resolution seismic exploration.OGP,1990,25(6):734～743
[3]王卫华.纵波勘探中的炸药激发方式分析.石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(3):249～259Wang Weihua.Analysis of dynamite source pattern incompressional wave exploration.OGP,1999,34(3):249～259
[4]赵延江.黄土塬地区地震勘探激发技术探讨.石油物探,2006,45(6):646～650Zhao Yanjiang.Research on shooting techniques ofseismic prospecting in loess tableland area.GPP,2006,45(6):646～650
[5]刘依谋,梁向豪等.塔里木盆地西南坳陷巨厚黄土区地震采集技术.新疆石油地质,2009,30(2):255～257Liu Yimou,Liang Xianghao et al.Seismic acquisitiontechniques in thick loess area in Southwest Depres-sion,Tarim Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2009,30(2):255～257
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[8]肖建华,孙文涛.关于点爆炸震源产生的地震子波.石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(6):809～817Xiao Jianhua,Sun Wentao.Seismic wavelet generatedby point explosive source.OGP,1997,32(6):809～817
[9]陈士海,王明洋,钱七虎.岩体中爆破破坏分区研究.爆破器材,2001,33(3):33～36Chen Shihai,Wang Mingyang,Qian Qihu.Study ondistinction of blasting crack zones and time course ofstress in rocks.Explosive Materials,2001,33(3):33～36
[10]汪恩华,贺振华,李庆忠.炸药激发子波信号的记录与研究.石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(3):352～363Wang Enhua,He Zhenhua,Li Qingzhong.Record andstudy of exploded wavelet signal by explosive.OGP,2001,36(3):352～363
[11]汪仁富,徐峰,刘福烈等.波动方程震源组合模拟定量研究.石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(4):538～544Wang Renfu,Xu Feng,Liu Fulie et al.Quantitative a-nalysis of source array effectiveness based on wave e-quation.OGP,2011,46(4):538～544
[12]牟永光,裴正林.三维复杂介质地震数值模拟.北京:石油工业出版社,2005
[2]刘怀山,王玉岭.组合爆炸法在高分辨率地震勘探中的应用.石油地球物理勘探,1990,25(6):734～743Liu Huaishan,Wang Yuling.Multiple shot array ap-plied in high resolution seismic exploration.OGP,1990,25(6):734～743
[3]王卫华.纵波勘探中的炸药激发方式分析.石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(3):249～259Wang Weihua.Analysis of dynamite source pattern incompressional wave exploration.OGP,1999,34(3):249～259
[4]赵延江.黄土塬地区地震勘探激发技术探讨.石油物探,2006,45(6):646～650Zhao Yanjiang.Research on shooting techniques ofseismic prospecting in loess tableland area.GPP,2006,45(6):646～650
[5]刘依谋,梁向豪等.塔里木盆地西南坳陷巨厚黄土区地震采集技术.新疆石油地质,2009,30(2):255～257Liu Yimou,Liang Xianghao et al.Seismic acquisitiontechniques in thick loess area in Southwest Depres-sion,Tarim Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2009,30(2):255～257
[6]Arnold M E.Beam forming with vibrator arrays.Geophysics,1977,42(7):1321～1338
[7]Ramsden C,Bennett G and Long A.High-resolution3Dseismic imaging in practice.The Leading Edge,2005,24(4),423～428
[8]肖建华,孙文涛.关于点爆炸震源产生的地震子波.石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(6):809～817Xiao Jianhua,Sun Wentao.Seismic wavelet generatedby point explosive source.OGP,1997,32(6):809～817
[9]陈士海,王明洋,钱七虎.岩体中爆破破坏分区研究.爆破器材,2001,33(3):33～36Chen Shihai,Wang Mingyang,Qian Qihu.Study ondistinction of blasting crack zones and time course ofstress in rocks.Explosive Materials,2001,33(3):33～36
[10]汪恩华,贺振华,李庆忠.炸药激发子波信号的记录与研究.石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(3):352～363Wang Enhua,He Zhenhua,Li Qingzhong.Record andstudy of exploded wavelet signal by explosive.OGP,2001,36(3):352～363
[11]汪仁富,徐峰,刘福烈等.波动方程震源组合模拟定量研究.石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(4):538～544Wang Renfu,Xu Feng,Liu Fulie et al.Quantitative a-nalysis of source array effectiveness based on wave e-quation.OGP,2011,46(4):538～544
[12]牟永光,裴正林.三维复杂介质地震数值模拟.北京:石油工业出版社,2005
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