云南地区现代构造应力场研究
|
摘要
利用云南及周边地区中强地震震源机制解资料,采用对震源机制参数进行统计的方法,详细分析了地震断层类型和云南地区的现代构造应力场特征。结果表明,云南地区发生的中强地震走滑型地震占绝大多数,比例为80%,正断型和正走滑型与逆断型和逆走滑型地震所占的比例相当,分别约为8%。云南地区应力场接近水平,地震错动面的倾角较陡。云南地区有3个方面的主要力源:一是来自缅甸、老挝和越南的NE、NNE和NNW向作用力;二是来自四川及川滇菱块的SE、SSE向作用力;三是来自华南地块的NW、NNW向作用力。这3方面的作用力控制了云南及其邻区的主要断层活动及强震活动。
In this paper,using focal mechanism solutions of moderate-strong earthquakes in Yunnan and its adjacent areas,and based on the statistical analysis of the parameters of focal mechanism solutions,we discussed in detail the earthquake fault types and the characteristics of modern tectonic stress field in Yunnan region.The results show that most moderate-strong earthquakes occurring in Yunnan region are of the strike-slip type,amounting to 80%of the total.Normal faulting and normal with strike-slip and reverse and reverse with strike-slip earthquakes are almost equivalent in proportion,about 8%each,respectively.The tectonic stress field of Yunnan region is near-horizontal,and the dips of earthquake fault planes are large.There are three main dynamic sources acting in Yunnan region: one is the NE,NNE and NNW directed acting force from Burma,Laos and Vietnam;the second is the SE-SSE directed force from Sichuan and Sichuan-Yunnan rhombus block;and the third is the NW-NNW directed force from South China block.These three acting forces have controlled the faulting behavior of the main faults and the characteristics of activity of strong earthquakes in Yunnan and its adjacent regions.
In this paper,using focal mechanism solutions of moderate-strong earthquakes in Yunnan and its adjacent areas,and based on the statistical analysis of the parameters of focal mechanism solutions,we discussed in detail the earthquake fault types and the characteristics of modern tectonic stress field in Yunnan region.The results show that most moderate-strong earthquakes occurring in Yunnan region are of the strike-slip type,amounting to 80%of the total.Normal faulting and normal with strike-slip and reverse and reverse with strike-slip earthquakes are almost equivalent in proportion,about 8%each,respectively.The tectonic stress field of Yunnan region is near-horizontal,and the dips of earthquake fault planes are large.There are three main dynamic sources acting in Yunnan region: one is the NE,NNE and NNW directed acting force from Burma,Laos and Vietnam;the second is the SE-SSE directed force from Sichuan and Sichuan-Yunnan rhombus block;and the third is the NW-NNW directed force from South China block.These three acting forces have controlled the faulting behavior of the main faults and the characteristics of activity of strong earthquakes in Yunnan and its adjacent regions.
引文
陈天长,堀内荗木,郑斯华.2001.利用P波初动和短周期P,S波振幅测定川滇地区地震震源机制解和应力场[J].地震学报,23(4):436—440.CHEN Tian-chang,HORIUCHI Shigeki,ZHENG Si-hua.2001.Earthquake focal mechanisms and stress field in Si-chuan-Yunnan area determined using P wave polarity and short period P and S waveform data[J].Acta Seis-mologica Sinica,23(4):436—440(in Chinese).
程万正,刁桂苓,吕戈培,等.2003.川滇地块的震源力学机制、运动速率和活动方式[J].地震地质,25(1):71—87.CHENG Wan-zheng,DIAO Gui-ling,LGe-pei,et al.2003.Focal mechanisms,displacement rate and mode of motionof the Sichuan-Yunnan block[J].Seismology and Geology,25(1):71—87(in Chinese).
崔效锋,谢富仁,赵建涛.2005.中国及邻区震源机制解的分区特征[J].地震地质,27(2):298—307.CUI Xiao-feng,XIE Fu-ren,ZHAO Jian-tao.2005.The regional characteristics of focal mechanism solutions in Chinaand its adjacent areas[J].Seismology and Geology,27(2):298—307(in Chinese).
崔效锋,谢富仁,张红艳.2006.川滇地区现代构造应力场分区及动力学意义[J].地震学报,28(5):451—461.CUI Xiao-feng,XIE Fu-ren,ZHANG Hong-yan.2006.Recent tectonic stress filed zoning in Sichuan-Yunnan region andits dynamic interest[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,28(5):451—461(in Chinese).
胡鸿翔,高世玉.1993.滇西地区地壳浅部基底速度细结构的研究[J].中国地震,9(4):354—363.HU Hong-xiang,GAO Shi-yu.1993.The investigation of fine velocity structure of the basement layer of earth's crust inwestern Yunnan region[J].Earthquake Research in China,9(4):354—363(in Chinese).
李克昌,赵维成,候学英,等.1980.从思茅、普洱地震探讨断块内部地震地质特征[J].地震研究,3(1):38—44.LI Ke-chang,ZHAO Wei-cheng,HOU Xue-ying,et al.1980.A discussion on the intra-block seismic geological featuresfrom the Simao-Puer earthquake[J].Journal of Seismological Research,3(1):38—44(in Chinese).
李亚敏,徐辉龙,孙金龙,等.2008.红河断裂带及其邻区的震源机制解特征及其反映的断裂活动分段性[J].热带海洋学报,27(2):32—39.LI Ya-min,XU Hui-long,SUN Jin-long,et al.2008.Characteristics of focal mechanism solutions of Red River Faultzone and their reflection on segmented fault activity[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,27(2):32—39(inChinese).
阚荣举,张四昌,晏凤桐,等.1977.我国西南地区现代构造应力场与现代构造活动特点的探讨[J].地球物理学报,20(2):96—109.KAN Rong-ju,ZHANG Si-chang,YAN Feng-tong,et al.1977.Present tectonic stress field and its relation to the charac-teristics of recent tectonic activity in southwestern China[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,20(2):96—109(in Chi-nese).
阚荣举.1980.西南地区现代构造应力场与板内强震活动关系[J].地震研究,3(3):45—59.KAN Rong-ju.1980.The present tectonic stress field and the activity of the intraplate strong earthquakes in southwest-ern China[J].Journal of Seismological Research,3(3):45—59(in Chinese).
马文涛,徐锡伟,徐平,等.2004.地震三角形分类图解法与华北地区地震成因分析[J].地球物理学进展,19(2):379—385.MA Wen-tao,XU Xi-wei,XU Ping,et al.2004.The method of triangle seismic classification and analysis on the seismiccause in the northern China[J].Progress in Geophysics,19(2):379—385(in Chinese).
钱晓东,李白基,秦嘉政.2002.2000年云南姚安MS6.5地震余震序列S波分裂研究[J].中国地震,18(2):157—165.QIAN Xiao-dong,LI Bai-ji,QIN Jia-zheng.2002.Study on shear wave splitting for sequence of the aftershocks of Yao'anMS6.5earthquake in Yunnan[J].Earthquake Research in China,18(2):157—165(in Chinese).
钱晓东,秦嘉政.2007.滇缅弧板缘地震及其与云南地震活动关系[J].云南大学学报,30(S1):467—475.QIAN Xiao-dong,QIN Jia-zheng.2007.Relationship between interplate earthquake in Yunnan-Burma arc and seismicactivity in Yunnan[J].Journal of Yunnan University,30(S1):467—475(in chinese).
钱晓东,秦嘉政,叶建庆.2006.澜沧江流域水电工程地区S波分裂研究[A].见:秦嘉政主编.云南澜沧江流域水库诱发地震监测与研究.昆明:云南出版集团公司,云南科技出版社.241—249.QIAN Xiao-dong,QIN Jia-zheng,YE Jian-qing.2006.Shear wave splitting in the hydropower engineering region alongthe Lancang River valley[A].In:QIN Jia-zheng(ed).Study and monitoring on induced earthquake by hydrody-namic engineering along the Lancang River in Yunnan.Yunnan Publishing Group,Yunnan Science and TechnologyPress,Kunming.241—249(in Chinese).
秦嘉政,皇甫岗,钱晓东.2005.云南强震活动与预测方法研究[M].昆明:云南科技出版社.6—13.QIN Jia-zheng,HUANGFU Gang,QIAN Xiao-dong.2005.Study on Strong Earthquake Activity in Yunnan and Predic-tion Methods[M].Yunnan Science and Technology Press,Kunming.6—13(in Chinese).
石玉涛,高原,吴晶,等.2006.云南地区地壳介质各向异性:快剪切波偏振特性[J].地震学报,28(6):574—585.SHI Yu-tao,GAO Yuan,WU Jing,et al.2006.Seismic anisotropy of the crust in Yunnan,China:Polarizations of fastshear-wave[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,28(6):574—585(in Chinese).
苏有锦,张俊伟.1998.震区深部构造[A].见:晏凤桐,刘祖荫编.一九九六年丽江地震.北京:地震出版社.57—64.SU You-jin,ZHANG Jun-wei.1998.Deep structures of seismic zone[A].In:YAN Feng-tong,LIU Zu-yin(eds).The1996Lijiang earthquake.Seismological Press,Beijing.57—64(in Chinese).
苏有锦,赵小艳.2008.全球8级地震序列特征研究[J].地震研究,31(4):308—316.SU You-jin,ZHAO Xiao-yan.2008.Characteristics of global earthquake sequences with MW≥8.0[J].Journal of Seis-mological Research,31(4):308—316(in Chinese).
王绍晋,付虹,卫爱民,等.2001.川滇地区7级大震前中强震震源机制变化[J].地震研究,24(2):99—108.WANG Shao-jin,FU Hong,WEI Ai-min,et al.2001.Variation of moderate-strong source mechanism before great earth-quake with M7in Sichuan-Yunnan areas[J].Journal of Seismological Research,24(2):99—108(in Chinese).
王绍晋,龙晓帆,余庆坤.2005.昆明地区现代构造应力场分析[J].地震研究,28(2):178—184.WANG Shao-jin,LONG Xiao-fan,YU Qing-kun.2005.Analysis on recent tectonic stress field in the Yunnan region[J].Journal of Seismological Research,28(2):178—184(in Chinese).
吴建平,明跃红,王椿镛.2004.云南地区中小地震震源机制及构造应力场研究[J].地震学报,26(5):457—465.WU Jian-ping,MING Yue-hong,WANG Chun-yong.2004.Source mechanism of small-to-moderate earthquakes and tec-tonic stress field in Yunnan Province[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,26(5):457—465(in Chinese).
谢富仁,祝景忠,梁海天,等.1993.中国西南地区现代构造应力场基本特征[J].地震学报,15(4):407—417.XIE Fu-ren,ZHU Jing-zhong,LIANG Hai-tian,et al.1993.Modern tectonic stress filed in southwestern Yunnan,China[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,15(4):407—417(in Chinese).
谢富仁,张世民,窦素芹,等.1999.青藏高原北、东边缘第四纪构造应力场演化特征[J].地震学报,21(5):502—512.XIE Fu-ren,ZHANG Shi-ming,DOU Su-qin,et al.1999.Evolution characteristics of Quaternary tectonic stress field inthe north and east margin of Qing-Zang(Tibet)plateau[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,21(5):502—512(in Chi-nese).
徐纪人,赵志新.2006.青藏高原及其周围地区区域应力场与构造运动特征[J].中国地质,33(2):275—285.XU Ji-ren,ZHAO Zhi-xin.2006.Characteristics of the regional stress field and tectonic movement on the Qinghai-Tibetplateau and in its surrounding areas[J].Geology in China,33(2):275—285(in Chinese).
许忠淮,汪素云,黄雨蕊,等.1987.由多个小震推断的青甘和川滇地区地壳应力场的方向特征[J].地球物理学报,30(5):476—486.XU Zhong-huai,WANG Su-yun,HUANG Yu-rui,et al.1987.Directions of mean stress axes in southwestern China de-duced from microearthquake data[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,30(5):476—486(in Chinese).
张俊昌,张双林,冯巨鼎,等.1989.云南现代断裂活动与地震危险性分析[A].见:闵子群编.云贵地区地震危险性研究文集.昆明:云南科技出版社.51—57.ZHANG Jun-chang,ZHANG Shuang-lin,FENG Ju-ding,et al.1989.Modern fault activity and seismic hazard analysis[A].In:MIN Zi-qun(ed).Collected essays of seismic hazard research in Yunnan-Guizhou region.Yunnan Sci-ence and Technology Press,Kunming.51—57(in Chinese).
钟继荗,程万正.2006.由多个地震震源机制解求川滇地区平均应力场方向[J].地震学报,28(4):336—346.ZHONG Ji-mao,CHENG Wan-zheng.2006.Determination of directions of the mean stress field in Sichuan-Yunnan re-gion from a number of focal mechanism solutions[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,28(4):336—346(in Chinese).
Tapponnier P and Molnar P.1976.Slip-line field theory and large-scale continental tectonics[J].Nature,364(5584):319—324.
程万正,刁桂苓,吕戈培,等.2003.川滇地块的震源力学机制、运动速率和活动方式[J].地震地质,25(1):71—87.CHENG Wan-zheng,DIAO Gui-ling,LGe-pei,et al.2003.Focal mechanisms,displacement rate and mode of motionof the Sichuan-Yunnan block[J].Seismology and Geology,25(1):71—87(in Chinese).
崔效锋,谢富仁,赵建涛.2005.中国及邻区震源机制解的分区特征[J].地震地质,27(2):298—307.CUI Xiao-feng,XIE Fu-ren,ZHAO Jian-tao.2005.The regional characteristics of focal mechanism solutions in Chinaand its adjacent areas[J].Seismology and Geology,27(2):298—307(in Chinese).
崔效锋,谢富仁,张红艳.2006.川滇地区现代构造应力场分区及动力学意义[J].地震学报,28(5):451—461.CUI Xiao-feng,XIE Fu-ren,ZHANG Hong-yan.2006.Recent tectonic stress filed zoning in Sichuan-Yunnan region andits dynamic interest[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,28(5):451—461(in Chinese).
胡鸿翔,高世玉.1993.滇西地区地壳浅部基底速度细结构的研究[J].中国地震,9(4):354—363.HU Hong-xiang,GAO Shi-yu.1993.The investigation of fine velocity structure of the basement layer of earth's crust inwestern Yunnan region[J].Earthquake Research in China,9(4):354—363(in Chinese).
李克昌,赵维成,候学英,等.1980.从思茅、普洱地震探讨断块内部地震地质特征[J].地震研究,3(1):38—44.LI Ke-chang,ZHAO Wei-cheng,HOU Xue-ying,et al.1980.A discussion on the intra-block seismic geological featuresfrom the Simao-Puer earthquake[J].Journal of Seismological Research,3(1):38—44(in Chinese).
李亚敏,徐辉龙,孙金龙,等.2008.红河断裂带及其邻区的震源机制解特征及其反映的断裂活动分段性[J].热带海洋学报,27(2):32—39.LI Ya-min,XU Hui-long,SUN Jin-long,et al.2008.Characteristics of focal mechanism solutions of Red River Faultzone and their reflection on segmented fault activity[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,27(2):32—39(inChinese).
阚荣举,张四昌,晏凤桐,等.1977.我国西南地区现代构造应力场与现代构造活动特点的探讨[J].地球物理学报,20(2):96—109.KAN Rong-ju,ZHANG Si-chang,YAN Feng-tong,et al.1977.Present tectonic stress field and its relation to the charac-teristics of recent tectonic activity in southwestern China[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,20(2):96—109(in Chi-nese).
阚荣举.1980.西南地区现代构造应力场与板内强震活动关系[J].地震研究,3(3):45—59.KAN Rong-ju.1980.The present tectonic stress field and the activity of the intraplate strong earthquakes in southwest-ern China[J].Journal of Seismological Research,3(3):45—59(in Chinese).
马文涛,徐锡伟,徐平,等.2004.地震三角形分类图解法与华北地区地震成因分析[J].地球物理学进展,19(2):379—385.MA Wen-tao,XU Xi-wei,XU Ping,et al.2004.The method of triangle seismic classification and analysis on the seismiccause in the northern China[J].Progress in Geophysics,19(2):379—385(in Chinese).
钱晓东,李白基,秦嘉政.2002.2000年云南姚安MS6.5地震余震序列S波分裂研究[J].中国地震,18(2):157—165.QIAN Xiao-dong,LI Bai-ji,QIN Jia-zheng.2002.Study on shear wave splitting for sequence of the aftershocks of Yao'anMS6.5earthquake in Yunnan[J].Earthquake Research in China,18(2):157—165(in Chinese).
钱晓东,秦嘉政.2007.滇缅弧板缘地震及其与云南地震活动关系[J].云南大学学报,30(S1):467—475.QIAN Xiao-dong,QIN Jia-zheng.2007.Relationship between interplate earthquake in Yunnan-Burma arc and seismicactivity in Yunnan[J].Journal of Yunnan University,30(S1):467—475(in chinese).
钱晓东,秦嘉政,叶建庆.2006.澜沧江流域水电工程地区S波分裂研究[A].见:秦嘉政主编.云南澜沧江流域水库诱发地震监测与研究.昆明:云南出版集团公司,云南科技出版社.241—249.QIAN Xiao-dong,QIN Jia-zheng,YE Jian-qing.2006.Shear wave splitting in the hydropower engineering region alongthe Lancang River valley[A].In:QIN Jia-zheng(ed).Study and monitoring on induced earthquake by hydrody-namic engineering along the Lancang River in Yunnan.Yunnan Publishing Group,Yunnan Science and TechnologyPress,Kunming.241—249(in Chinese).
秦嘉政,皇甫岗,钱晓东.2005.云南强震活动与预测方法研究[M].昆明:云南科技出版社.6—13.QIN Jia-zheng,HUANGFU Gang,QIAN Xiao-dong.2005.Study on Strong Earthquake Activity in Yunnan and Predic-tion Methods[M].Yunnan Science and Technology Press,Kunming.6—13(in Chinese).
石玉涛,高原,吴晶,等.2006.云南地区地壳介质各向异性:快剪切波偏振特性[J].地震学报,28(6):574—585.SHI Yu-tao,GAO Yuan,WU Jing,et al.2006.Seismic anisotropy of the crust in Yunnan,China:Polarizations of fastshear-wave[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,28(6):574—585(in Chinese).
苏有锦,张俊伟.1998.震区深部构造[A].见:晏凤桐,刘祖荫编.一九九六年丽江地震.北京:地震出版社.57—64.SU You-jin,ZHANG Jun-wei.1998.Deep structures of seismic zone[A].In:YAN Feng-tong,LIU Zu-yin(eds).The1996Lijiang earthquake.Seismological Press,Beijing.57—64(in Chinese).
苏有锦,赵小艳.2008.全球8级地震序列特征研究[J].地震研究,31(4):308—316.SU You-jin,ZHAO Xiao-yan.2008.Characteristics of global earthquake sequences with MW≥8.0[J].Journal of Seis-mological Research,31(4):308—316(in Chinese).
王绍晋,付虹,卫爱民,等.2001.川滇地区7级大震前中强震震源机制变化[J].地震研究,24(2):99—108.WANG Shao-jin,FU Hong,WEI Ai-min,et al.2001.Variation of moderate-strong source mechanism before great earth-quake with M7in Sichuan-Yunnan areas[J].Journal of Seismological Research,24(2):99—108(in Chinese).
王绍晋,龙晓帆,余庆坤.2005.昆明地区现代构造应力场分析[J].地震研究,28(2):178—184.WANG Shao-jin,LONG Xiao-fan,YU Qing-kun.2005.Analysis on recent tectonic stress field in the Yunnan region[J].Journal of Seismological Research,28(2):178—184(in Chinese).
吴建平,明跃红,王椿镛.2004.云南地区中小地震震源机制及构造应力场研究[J].地震学报,26(5):457—465.WU Jian-ping,MING Yue-hong,WANG Chun-yong.2004.Source mechanism of small-to-moderate earthquakes and tec-tonic stress field in Yunnan Province[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,26(5):457—465(in Chinese).
谢富仁,祝景忠,梁海天,等.1993.中国西南地区现代构造应力场基本特征[J].地震学报,15(4):407—417.XIE Fu-ren,ZHU Jing-zhong,LIANG Hai-tian,et al.1993.Modern tectonic stress filed in southwestern Yunnan,China[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,15(4):407—417(in Chinese).
谢富仁,张世民,窦素芹,等.1999.青藏高原北、东边缘第四纪构造应力场演化特征[J].地震学报,21(5):502—512.XIE Fu-ren,ZHANG Shi-ming,DOU Su-qin,et al.1999.Evolution characteristics of Quaternary tectonic stress field inthe north and east margin of Qing-Zang(Tibet)plateau[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,21(5):502—512(in Chi-nese).
徐纪人,赵志新.2006.青藏高原及其周围地区区域应力场与构造运动特征[J].中国地质,33(2):275—285.XU Ji-ren,ZHAO Zhi-xin.2006.Characteristics of the regional stress field and tectonic movement on the Qinghai-Tibetplateau and in its surrounding areas[J].Geology in China,33(2):275—285(in Chinese).
许忠淮,汪素云,黄雨蕊,等.1987.由多个小震推断的青甘和川滇地区地壳应力场的方向特征[J].地球物理学报,30(5):476—486.XU Zhong-huai,WANG Su-yun,HUANG Yu-rui,et al.1987.Directions of mean stress axes in southwestern China de-duced from microearthquake data[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,30(5):476—486(in Chinese).
张俊昌,张双林,冯巨鼎,等.1989.云南现代断裂活动与地震危险性分析[A].见:闵子群编.云贵地区地震危险性研究文集.昆明:云南科技出版社.51—57.ZHANG Jun-chang,ZHANG Shuang-lin,FENG Ju-ding,et al.1989.Modern fault activity and seismic hazard analysis[A].In:MIN Zi-qun(ed).Collected essays of seismic hazard research in Yunnan-Guizhou region.Yunnan Sci-ence and Technology Press,Kunming.51—57(in Chinese).
钟继荗,程万正.2006.由多个地震震源机制解求川滇地区平均应力场方向[J].地震学报,28(4):336—346.ZHONG Ji-mao,CHENG Wan-zheng.2006.Determination of directions of the mean stress field in Sichuan-Yunnan re-gion from a number of focal mechanism solutions[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,28(4):336—346(in Chinese).
Tapponnier P and Molnar P.1976.Slip-line field theory and large-scale continental tectonics[J].Nature,364(5584):319—324.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心