2003年大姚地震震源区应力量值估计
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摘要
利用云南省地震局流动台网记录的2段余震序列的P波初动资料,采用改进的格点尝试法对这2段余震区进行应力场反演,得到大姚地区2个余震发生时段的应力场方向参数。采用应力量值求取方法,结合2003年10月16日地震的剪切应力降和该地震发生深度处的静岩压力估计获得震源区的应力量值,2003年10月16日主震前最大、中间和最小主应力分别为164.07,158.71和153.10 MPa,投影到10月16日主震前断层面上的正应力和剪切应力分别为157.41和5.24 MPa;震后投影到主震断层面上的正应力和剪切应力分别为158.69和0.01 MPa。研究结果表明:震前剪切应力大于震后剪切应力,且其差基本对应着应力降。震后正应力增大,表明摩擦阻力可能导致了破裂的终止。虽然地下的压应力很大,但差应力却很小。这些结果可为地球动力学模拟提供了基础应力场信息。
Using the P wave first motion information of two aftershocks sequence recorded by temporary stations and the new version of grid points test method,we study the stress field in the aftershock zone and get the stress field directions in Dayao region in the two occurrence time periods of the two aftershock sequences.Using the stress value calculation method,we get the underground stress value in the focal area:Before the earthquake,the maximum,intermediate and minimum principal stress is 164.07,158.71 and 153.10 MPa respectively.The normal stress and shear stress projected on fault plane is 157.41,5.24 MPa respectively.The normal stress and shear stress projected on fault plane after the earthquake is 158.69,0.01 MPa respectively.The results show that the pre-seismic shear stress is larger than that of post-seismic,and their difference corresponds to the stress drop approximately.The increasing of normal stress maybe cause the termination of the rupture on the seismic fault.The underground compressive stress is very large,but the differential stress is small.It provide fundamental stress field information for the geodynamic process simulation.
Using the P wave first motion information of two aftershocks sequence recorded by temporary stations and the new version of grid points test method,we study the stress field in the aftershock zone and get the stress field directions in Dayao region in the two occurrence time periods of the two aftershock sequences.Using the stress value calculation method,we get the underground stress value in the focal area:Before the earthquake,the maximum,intermediate and minimum principal stress is 164.07,158.71 and 153.10 MPa respectively.The normal stress and shear stress projected on fault plane is 157.41,5.24 MPa respectively.The normal stress and shear stress projected on fault plane after the earthquake is 158.69,0.01 MPa respectively.The results show that the pre-seismic shear stress is larger than that of post-seismic,and their difference corresponds to the stress drop approximately.The increasing of normal stress maybe cause the termination of the rupture on the seismic fault.The underground compressive stress is very large,but the differential stress is small.It provide fundamental stress field information for the geodynamic process simulation.
引文
[1]ZOBACK M L.First-and second-order patterns of stress in thelithosphere:the World Stress Map Project[J].Journal of GeophysicalResearch,1992,97(B8):11 703–11 728.
[2]BARTON C A,ZOBACK M D,BURNS K L.In-situ stressorientation and magnitude at the Fenton geothermal site,NewMexico,determined from wellbore breakouts[J].Geophysics ResearchLetter,1988,15(5):467–470.
[3]ZOBACK M L,HEALY J H.In situ stress measurements to 3.5 kmdepth in the Cajon Pass scientific research borehole:implications forthe mechanics of crustal faulting[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1992,97(B4):5 039–5 057.
[4]VERNIK L,ZOBACK M D.Estimation of maximum horizontalprincipal stress magnitude from stress-induced well bore breakouts inthe Cajon Pass scientific research borehole[J].Journal of GeophysicalResearch,1992,97(B4):5 109–5 119.
[5]TSUKAHARA H,IKEDA R,OMURA K.In-situ stress measurementin an earthquake focal area[J].Tectonophysics,1996,262(1/4):281–290.
[6]TSUKAHARA H,IKEDA R,YAMAMOTO K.In situ stressmeasurements in a borehole close to the Nojima Fault[J].Island Arc,2001,10(3/4):261–265.
[7]李鹏武,崔军文,王连捷,等.中国大陆科学钻探主孔钻孔崩落与现场应力状态的确定[J].岩石学报,2005,21(2):421–426.(LIPengwu,CUI Junwen,WANG Lianjie,et al.The determination ofin-situ stress from well bore breakouts in the main borehole of theChinese Continental Scientific Drilling[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2005,21(2):421–426.(in Chinese))
[8]李宏,安其美,谢富仁.福建沿海边缘陆域的原地应力测量研究[J].地震学报,2005,27(5):508–514.(LI Hong,AN Qimei,XIE Furen.Study on in-situ stress measurement around coastalMarginal land in Fujian[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2005,27(5):508–514.(in Chinese))
[9]REYNOLDS S D,MILDREN S D,HILLIS R R,et al.Constrainingstress magnitudes using petroleum exploration data in the CooperEromanga Basins,Australia[J].Tectnophysics,2006,415(1/4):123–140.
[10]WU H,MA K,ZOBACK M,et al.Stress orientations of TaiwanChelungpu-fault drilling project(TCDP)hole——a as observed fromgeophysical logs[J].Geophysics Research Letter,2007,34,L01303,doi:10.1029/2006GL028050.
[11]谢富仁,李宏.利用断层滑动资料确定鲜水河断裂带现代构造应力的方向和大小[J].地震学报,1995,17(2):164–171.(XIE Furen,LI Hong.Using fault slip data to determine the direction and level oftectonic stress in Xianshui River fault zone[J].Acta SeismologicaSinica,1995,17(2):164–171.(in Chinese))
[12]PLENEFISCH T,BONJER K P.The stress field in the Rhine Grabenarea inferred from earthquake focal mechanisms and estimation offrictional parameters[J].Tectonophysics,1997,275(1/3):71–97.
[13]赵建涛,崔效锋,谢富仁.唐山地震震源区构造应力场强度的初步分析[J].地震学报,2002,24(3):268–276.(ZHAO Jiantao,CUIXiaofeng,XIE Furen.Preliminary analysis of the tectonic stressintensity in the source region of Tangshan earthquake[J].ActaSeismologica Sinica,2002,24(3):268–276.(in Chinese))
[14]SPUDICH P.On the inference of absolute stress levels from seismicradiation[J].Tectonophysics,1992,211(1/4):99–106.
[15]SPUDICH P,GUATTERI M,OTSUKI K,et al.Use os fault striationsand dislocation models to infer tectonic shear stress during the 1995Hyogo-ken Nanbu(Kobe)earthquake[J].Bulletin of the SeismologicalSociety of America,1998,88(2):413–427.
[16]GUATTERI M,SPUDICH P.Coseismic temporal changes of slipdirection:the effect of absolute stress on dynamic rupture[J].Bulletinof the Seismological Society of America,1998,88(3):777–789.
[17]WESSON R L,BOYD O S.Stress before and after the 2002 Denalifault earthquake[J].Geophysics Research Letter,2007,34,L07303,doi:10.1029/2007GL029189.
[18]万永革,沈正康,兰从欣.根据走滑大地震前后应力轴偏转和应力降求取偏应力量值的研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3):838–844.(WAN Yongge,SHEN Zhengkang,LAN Congxin.Deviatoricstress level estimation according to principle axes rotation of stressfield before and after large strike-slip type earthquake and stressdrop[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2006,49(3):838–844.(inChinese))
[19]万永革.根据大地震前后应力轴偏转和应力降求取应力量值的研究[J].地震学报,2006,28(5):472–477.(WAN Yongge.Study ondetermination of stress level by seismic stress drops and the stress axisdeflections before and after large earthquakes[J].Acta SeismologicaSinica,2006,28(5):472–477.(in Chinese))
[20]华卫,刘杰,郑斯华,等.2003年云南大姚6.2,6.1级地震序列特征分析及地震触发研究[J].中国地震,2006,22(1):10–23.(HUA Wei,LIU Jie,ZHENG Sihua,et al.The characteristic analysisand seismic triggering study of the Dayao M6.2 and M6.1 earthquakesequences in 2003[J].Earthquake Research in China,2006,22(1):10–23.(in Chinese))
[21]俞春泉,陶开,崔效锋,等.用格点尝试法求解P波初动震源机制解及解的质量评价[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(5):1402–1411.(YU Chunquan,TAO Kai,CUI Xiaofeng,et al.P-wave first-motionfocal mechanism solutions and their quality evaluation[J].ChineseJournal of Geophysics,2009,52(5):1 402–1 411.(in Chinese))
[22]许忠淮,阎明,赵仲和.由多个小地震推断的华北地区构造应力场的方向[J].地震学报,1983,5(3):268–279.(XU Zhonghuai,YAN Ming,ZHAO Zhonghe.Evaluation of the direction of tectonicstress in north China from recorded data of a large number of smallearthquakes[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1983,5(3):268–279.(inChinese))
[23]KNOPOFF L.Energy release in earthquakes[J].Geophysical JournalRoyal Astronomical Society,1958,(1):44–52.
[24]秦嘉政,叶建庆,蔡绍平,等.云南大姚地震近源数字地震观测与现代新参数报告[M].北京:地震出版社,2005:39–384.(QINJiazheng,YE Jianqing,CAI Shaoping,et al.Yunnan Dayao earthquakedigital seismic observation and modern new parameter report[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,2005:39–384.(in Chinese))
[25]DZIEWONSKI A M,ANDERSON D L.Preliminary reference earthmodel(PREM)[J].Physics of the Earth and Planet Interiors,1981,25(4):297–356.
[26]万永革,沈正康,刁桂苓,等.利用小震分布和区域应力场确定大震断层面参数方法及其在唐山地震序列中的应用[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(3):793–804.(WAN Yongge,SHEN Zhengkang,DIAOGuiling,et al.An algorithm of fault parameter determination usingdistribution of small earthquakes and parameters of regional stressfield and its application to Tangshan earthquake sequence[J].ChineseJournal of Geophysics,2008,51(3):793–804.(in Chinese)).
[27]陈运泰,顾浩鼎.震源理论[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1990:1–256.(CHEN Yuntai,GU Haoding.Theory of seismic source[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,1990:1–256.(inChinese)
[2]BARTON C A,ZOBACK M D,BURNS K L.In-situ stressorientation and magnitude at the Fenton geothermal site,NewMexico,determined from wellbore breakouts[J].Geophysics ResearchLetter,1988,15(5):467–470.
[3]ZOBACK M L,HEALY J H.In situ stress measurements to 3.5 kmdepth in the Cajon Pass scientific research borehole:implications forthe mechanics of crustal faulting[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1992,97(B4):5 039–5 057.
[4]VERNIK L,ZOBACK M D.Estimation of maximum horizontalprincipal stress magnitude from stress-induced well bore breakouts inthe Cajon Pass scientific research borehole[J].Journal of GeophysicalResearch,1992,97(B4):5 109–5 119.
[5]TSUKAHARA H,IKEDA R,OMURA K.In-situ stress measurementin an earthquake focal area[J].Tectonophysics,1996,262(1/4):281–290.
[6]TSUKAHARA H,IKEDA R,YAMAMOTO K.In situ stressmeasurements in a borehole close to the Nojima Fault[J].Island Arc,2001,10(3/4):261–265.
[7]李鹏武,崔军文,王连捷,等.中国大陆科学钻探主孔钻孔崩落与现场应力状态的确定[J].岩石学报,2005,21(2):421–426.(LIPengwu,CUI Junwen,WANG Lianjie,et al.The determination ofin-situ stress from well bore breakouts in the main borehole of theChinese Continental Scientific Drilling[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2005,21(2):421–426.(in Chinese))
[8]李宏,安其美,谢富仁.福建沿海边缘陆域的原地应力测量研究[J].地震学报,2005,27(5):508–514.(LI Hong,AN Qimei,XIE Furen.Study on in-situ stress measurement around coastalMarginal land in Fujian[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2005,27(5):508–514.(in Chinese))
[9]REYNOLDS S D,MILDREN S D,HILLIS R R,et al.Constrainingstress magnitudes using petroleum exploration data in the CooperEromanga Basins,Australia[J].Tectnophysics,2006,415(1/4):123–140.
[10]WU H,MA K,ZOBACK M,et al.Stress orientations of TaiwanChelungpu-fault drilling project(TCDP)hole——a as observed fromgeophysical logs[J].Geophysics Research Letter,2007,34,L01303,doi:10.1029/2006GL028050.
[11]谢富仁,李宏.利用断层滑动资料确定鲜水河断裂带现代构造应力的方向和大小[J].地震学报,1995,17(2):164–171.(XIE Furen,LI Hong.Using fault slip data to determine the direction and level oftectonic stress in Xianshui River fault zone[J].Acta SeismologicaSinica,1995,17(2):164–171.(in Chinese))
[12]PLENEFISCH T,BONJER K P.The stress field in the Rhine Grabenarea inferred from earthquake focal mechanisms and estimation offrictional parameters[J].Tectonophysics,1997,275(1/3):71–97.
[13]赵建涛,崔效锋,谢富仁.唐山地震震源区构造应力场强度的初步分析[J].地震学报,2002,24(3):268–276.(ZHAO Jiantao,CUIXiaofeng,XIE Furen.Preliminary analysis of the tectonic stressintensity in the source region of Tangshan earthquake[J].ActaSeismologica Sinica,2002,24(3):268–276.(in Chinese))
[14]SPUDICH P.On the inference of absolute stress levels from seismicradiation[J].Tectonophysics,1992,211(1/4):99–106.
[15]SPUDICH P,GUATTERI M,OTSUKI K,et al.Use os fault striationsand dislocation models to infer tectonic shear stress during the 1995Hyogo-ken Nanbu(Kobe)earthquake[J].Bulletin of the SeismologicalSociety of America,1998,88(2):413–427.
[16]GUATTERI M,SPUDICH P.Coseismic temporal changes of slipdirection:the effect of absolute stress on dynamic rupture[J].Bulletinof the Seismological Society of America,1998,88(3):777–789.
[17]WESSON R L,BOYD O S.Stress before and after the 2002 Denalifault earthquake[J].Geophysics Research Letter,2007,34,L07303,doi:10.1029/2007GL029189.
[18]万永革,沈正康,兰从欣.根据走滑大地震前后应力轴偏转和应力降求取偏应力量值的研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3):838–844.(WAN Yongge,SHEN Zhengkang,LAN Congxin.Deviatoricstress level estimation according to principle axes rotation of stressfield before and after large strike-slip type earthquake and stressdrop[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2006,49(3):838–844.(inChinese))
[19]万永革.根据大地震前后应力轴偏转和应力降求取应力量值的研究[J].地震学报,2006,28(5):472–477.(WAN Yongge.Study ondetermination of stress level by seismic stress drops and the stress axisdeflections before and after large earthquakes[J].Acta SeismologicaSinica,2006,28(5):472–477.(in Chinese))
[20]华卫,刘杰,郑斯华,等.2003年云南大姚6.2,6.1级地震序列特征分析及地震触发研究[J].中国地震,2006,22(1):10–23.(HUA Wei,LIU Jie,ZHENG Sihua,et al.The characteristic analysisand seismic triggering study of the Dayao M6.2 and M6.1 earthquakesequences in 2003[J].Earthquake Research in China,2006,22(1):10–23.(in Chinese))
[21]俞春泉,陶开,崔效锋,等.用格点尝试法求解P波初动震源机制解及解的质量评价[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(5):1402–1411.(YU Chunquan,TAO Kai,CUI Xiaofeng,et al.P-wave first-motionfocal mechanism solutions and their quality evaluation[J].ChineseJournal of Geophysics,2009,52(5):1 402–1 411.(in Chinese))
[22]许忠淮,阎明,赵仲和.由多个小地震推断的华北地区构造应力场的方向[J].地震学报,1983,5(3):268–279.(XU Zhonghuai,YAN Ming,ZHAO Zhonghe.Evaluation of the direction of tectonicstress in north China from recorded data of a large number of smallearthquakes[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1983,5(3):268–279.(inChinese))
[23]KNOPOFF L.Energy release in earthquakes[J].Geophysical JournalRoyal Astronomical Society,1958,(1):44–52.
[24]秦嘉政,叶建庆,蔡绍平,等.云南大姚地震近源数字地震观测与现代新参数报告[M].北京:地震出版社,2005:39–384.(QINJiazheng,YE Jianqing,CAI Shaoping,et al.Yunnan Dayao earthquakedigital seismic observation and modern new parameter report[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,2005:39–384.(in Chinese))
[25]DZIEWONSKI A M,ANDERSON D L.Preliminary reference earthmodel(PREM)[J].Physics of the Earth and Planet Interiors,1981,25(4):297–356.
[26]万永革,沈正康,刁桂苓,等.利用小震分布和区域应力场确定大震断层面参数方法及其在唐山地震序列中的应用[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(3):793–804.(WAN Yongge,SHEN Zhengkang,DIAOGuiling,et al.An algorithm of fault parameter determination usingdistribution of small earthquakes and parameters of regional stressfield and its application to Tangshan earthquake sequence[J].ChineseJournal of Geophysics,2008,51(3):793–804.(in Chinese)).
[27]陈运泰,顾浩鼎.震源理论[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1990:1–256.(CHEN Yuntai,GU Haoding.Theory of seismic source[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,1990:1–256.(inChinese)
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