用于地震救援指引的重点目标人员密度研究
|
摘要
灾害性地震发生后第一要务是对倒塌的房屋建筑中被压埋人员施行紧急救援。一些大型公共建筑往往人员高度集中,是震时应急救援的重点目标。本文抽样调查了燕郊地区部分学校、医院、商场、影院等,分析了这些重点目标以一天为周期的人员密度变化规律,以及工作日与节假日的人员密度的变化特点,总结对比了不同类型重点目标人员密度的时间分布的差异性,初步提出了根据不同发震时刻对不同重点目标压埋人员应急救援的策略。为地震时重点目标压埋人员的救援指引和救援队伍调配决策提供参考。
The first priority when disastrous earthquake occurred is to immediately rescue the people being buried in the collapse of the housing construction. Some large public buildings should be the target buildings since the population density there is always very high. Based on sample survey data,this article analyzed the regularity of population density of cinemas,schools,supermarkets and hospitals changing in one day in Yanjiao County,and the regularity of changing population density in workdays and holidays,summarized and compared the difference of the regularity of different target buildings. And a strategy of emergency rescue is raised,in a preliminary way,based on different targets and different occurrence time of earthquakes. It could be a reference for directing an earthquake emergency rescue.
The first priority when disastrous earthquake occurred is to immediately rescue the people being buried in the collapse of the housing construction. Some large public buildings should be the target buildings since the population density there is always very high. Based on sample survey data,this article analyzed the regularity of population density of cinemas,schools,supermarkets and hospitals changing in one day in Yanjiao County,and the regularity of changing population density in workdays and holidays,summarized and compared the difference of the regularity of different target buildings. And a strategy of emergency rescue is raised,in a preliminary way,based on different targets and different occurrence time of earthquakes. It could be a reference for directing an earthquake emergency rescue.
引文
[1]许建东,危福泉,张来泉,等.地震人员伤亡与压埋人员评估方法的初步研究——以福建省漳州市区为例[J].地震研究,2008,31(4):382-387.XU Jiandong,WEI Fuquan,ZHANG Laiquan,et al.Prelim inary study on evaluating the number of casualties and trapped victims by a earthquake——A case study of Zhangzhou City,Fujian Province[J].Journal Of Seismological Research,2008,31(4):382-387.(in Chinese)
[2]甘廷霞,谢晓刚,胡忠日.抽样清点法在公共场所人员密度调查中的应用[J].消防科学与技术,2012,31(11):1222-1224.GAN Tingxia,XIE Xiaogang,HU Zhongri.Application of sample inventorying methodology in surveying occupant density at public spaces[J].Fire Science And Technology,2012,31(11):1222-1224.(in Chinese)
[3]赵加宁,武丽霞,王昭俊,等.大型超市客流量的调查与分析[J].暖通空调HV&AC,2004,34(6):53-56.ZHAO Jianing,WU lixia,WANG Zhaojun,et al.lnvestigation and analysis of consumer flow rate in a large supermarket[J].Heating Ventilating&Air Conditioning,2004,34(6):53-56.(in Chinese)
[4]冯磊,谭常春,陆守香,等.商业类建筑人员密度统计分析与建模[J].火灾科学,2009,18(3):130-137.FENG Lei,TAN Changchun,LU Shouxiang,et al.Statistical analysis and modeling for occupant density in commercial buildings[J].Fire Safety Science,2009,18(3):130-137.(in Chinese)
[5]肖东升,黄丁发,陈维锋,等.地震压埋人员压埋率预估模型[J].西南交通大学学报,2009,44(4):574-579.XIAO Dongsheng,HUANG Dingfa,CHEN Weifng,et al.Prediction model for buried personnel probabilty in earthquake[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2009,44(4):574-579.(in Chinese)
[6]程家喻.地震发生时间对人员伤亡影响的概率[J].灾害学,1993,8(2):13-16.CHENG Jayu.Probability of the original time of earthquake affecting the casualty earthquake[J].Journal of Catastrophology,1993,8(2):13-16.(in Chinese)
[2]甘廷霞,谢晓刚,胡忠日.抽样清点法在公共场所人员密度调查中的应用[J].消防科学与技术,2012,31(11):1222-1224.GAN Tingxia,XIE Xiaogang,HU Zhongri.Application of sample inventorying methodology in surveying occupant density at public spaces[J].Fire Science And Technology,2012,31(11):1222-1224.(in Chinese)
[3]赵加宁,武丽霞,王昭俊,等.大型超市客流量的调查与分析[J].暖通空调HV&AC,2004,34(6):53-56.ZHAO Jianing,WU lixia,WANG Zhaojun,et al.lnvestigation and analysis of consumer flow rate in a large supermarket[J].Heating Ventilating&Air Conditioning,2004,34(6):53-56.(in Chinese)
[4]冯磊,谭常春,陆守香,等.商业类建筑人员密度统计分析与建模[J].火灾科学,2009,18(3):130-137.FENG Lei,TAN Changchun,LU Shouxiang,et al.Statistical analysis and modeling for occupant density in commercial buildings[J].Fire Safety Science,2009,18(3):130-137.(in Chinese)
[5]肖东升,黄丁发,陈维锋,等.地震压埋人员压埋率预估模型[J].西南交通大学学报,2009,44(4):574-579.XIAO Dongsheng,HUANG Dingfa,CHEN Weifng,et al.Prediction model for buried personnel probabilty in earthquake[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2009,44(4):574-579.(in Chinese)
[6]程家喻.地震发生时间对人员伤亡影响的概率[J].灾害学,1993,8(2):13-16.CHENG Jayu.Probability of the original time of earthquake affecting the casualty earthquake[J].Journal of Catastrophology,1993,8(2):13-16.(in Chinese)
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心