利用偏振约束的能量比微地震自动识别方法
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摘要
微地震监测是分析水力压裂注水前缘或对油藏进行动态监测的一种有效方法。由于持续监测数据量大,而且有效微地震事件的出现时间无法判定,人工拾取需要耗费大量人力与时间,需要利用计算机对有效事件进行自动拾取。笔者分析了井中微地震监测背景噪声以及某些相关噪声特点,以长短时窗能量比法为基础,结合偏振分析,设计利用偏振—能量比综合的方法来识别微地震有效事件,经实际资料验证该方法具有一定的可靠性。根据实际有效信号与噪声在多级检波器之间的出现规律利用多级间时差对识别结果进行约束来排除某些特殊噪声的影响。将这种方法应用于整套水力压裂微地震监测资料中,能够快速稳定的识别出大量微地震有效事件,有比较好的应用效果。
Microseismic is a useful technique applied to the fluid injecting front image and reservoir dynamic monitoring.The volume of the data is large as a result of continuous monitoring,and the break time of the microseismic events are unknown,and the manual picking will waste a long time,so the microseismic events need be automaticly detected by the computer.In this article,on the base of analysising the characters of background noise and some other correlating noise in the borehole environment are analysised,take long-toshort windows energy ratio as a basic method,combined with polarization analysis,deseign the polary-energy ratio method to detect the microseismic events,and this method is proved useful through the actual data.According to the regular of signal and noise of multichannels,constrain the result of detection with the differences of arrive time among different geophones.Apply his method to whole set of microseismic monitor data,amount of microseismic events are picked automaticely and stably,got a good application effect.
Microseismic is a useful technique applied to the fluid injecting front image and reservoir dynamic monitoring.The volume of the data is large as a result of continuous monitoring,and the break time of the microseismic events are unknown,and the manual picking will waste a long time,so the microseismic events need be automaticly detected by the computer.In this article,on the base of analysising the characters of background noise and some other correlating noise in the borehole environment are analysised,take long-toshort windows energy ratio as a basic method,combined with polarization analysis,deseign the polary-energy ratio method to detect the microseismic events,and this method is proved useful through the actual data.According to the regular of signal and noise of multichannels,constrain the result of detection with the differences of arrive time among different geophones.Apply his method to whole set of microseismic monitor data,amount of microseismic events are picked automaticely and stably,got a good application effect.
引文
[1]梁兵,朱广生.油气田勘探开发中的微地震监测方法[M].石油工业出版社,2004.
[2]宋维琪,陈泽东,毛中华.水力压裂裂缝微地震监测技术[M].中国石油大学出版社,2008.
[3]宋维琪,吕世超.基于小波分解与Akaike信息准则的微地震初至拾取方法[J].石油物探,2011,50(1):14-21.
[4]Khadhraoui B,Leslie D,Drew J,et al.Real-time detection and lo-calization of microseismic events[C]//Denver,the 80th SEGAn-nual Meeting,2010:2146-2150.
[5]刘希强,周彦文,曲均浩,等.应用单台垂向记录进行区域地震事件实时检测和直达P波初动自动识别[J].地震学报,2009,31(3):260-271.
[6]叶根喜,姜福兴,杨淑华,等.时窗能量特征值法拾取微地震波初始到时的可行性研究[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(5):1574-1581.
[7]左国平,王彦春,隋荣亮.利用能量比法拾取地震初至的一种改进方法[J].石油物探,2004,43(4):345-347.
[8]Zuolin Chen.A multi-window algorithm for automatic picking ofmicroseismic event on 3-C data[C]//Houston,the 75th SEGAn-nual Meeting,2005:1288-1291.
[9]宋维琪,孙英杰,朱卫星.微地震资料频域相干—时间域偏振滤波方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(2):161-167.
[10]葛勇,韩立国,韩文明,等.极化分析研究及其在波场分离中的应用[J].长春地质学院学报,1996,26(1):83-88.
[2]宋维琪,陈泽东,毛中华.水力压裂裂缝微地震监测技术[M].中国石油大学出版社,2008.
[3]宋维琪,吕世超.基于小波分解与Akaike信息准则的微地震初至拾取方法[J].石油物探,2011,50(1):14-21.
[4]Khadhraoui B,Leslie D,Drew J,et al.Real-time detection and lo-calization of microseismic events[C]//Denver,the 80th SEGAn-nual Meeting,2010:2146-2150.
[5]刘希强,周彦文,曲均浩,等.应用单台垂向记录进行区域地震事件实时检测和直达P波初动自动识别[J].地震学报,2009,31(3):260-271.
[6]叶根喜,姜福兴,杨淑华,等.时窗能量特征值法拾取微地震波初始到时的可行性研究[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(5):1574-1581.
[7]左国平,王彦春,隋荣亮.利用能量比法拾取地震初至的一种改进方法[J].石油物探,2004,43(4):345-347.
[8]Zuolin Chen.A multi-window algorithm for automatic picking ofmicroseismic event on 3-C data[C]//Houston,the 75th SEGAn-nual Meeting,2005:1288-1291.
[9]宋维琪,孙英杰,朱卫星.微地震资料频域相干—时间域偏振滤波方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(2):161-167.
[10]葛勇,韩立国,韩文明,等.极化分析研究及其在波场分离中的应用[J].长春地质学院学报,1996,26(1):83-88.
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