地震法直接检测油气的机理及识别标志
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摘要
亮点技术和AVO技术曾使油气勘探工作取得了巨大成功。若利用弹性波有限元数值模拟技术，则可以更加深入地探讨食油气地层的振幅异常特征。基于这个想法，本文归纳、总结并设计了六种国内外典型含油气圈闭模型，并且计算了这些模型的全波理论地震图。文章通过对仿真全波地震波场特征的分析认为：基于波动理论的全波仿真有限元数值模拟研究结果，支持基于合成记录模型的亮点技术结果，而对基于射线理论的AVO研究结果要给出修正。在具有地面地震记录和VSP记录的条件下，通过该模拟技术可获得可靠的油气藏波场特征识别标志。
Bright spot and AVO techniques p1ay big roles in hydrocarbon exploration. Thefinite element numerical modeling of elastic waves may make geophysicist furtheranalyse the seismic amplitude anomaly of hydrocarbon formation. In view of thepoint, we design six kinds of models of worldwide typical hydrocarbon traps,and es-timate some theoretical all wave seismograms of the models. Having ana1ysed somesimulated seismic all-wave fields,we think that the result of all-wave finite elementnumerical modeling based on wave theory supports the result of bright spot tech-nique based on synthetic seismogram model,and that AVO result based on ray the-ory should be revised properly. With the joint use of surface seismic data and VSPdata,we can take this technique to find reliable wave field characteristic indicationrelating to hydrocarbon reservoir.
Bright spot and AVO techniques p1ay big roles in hydrocarbon exploration. Thefinite element numerical modeling of elastic waves may make geophysicist furtheranalyse the seismic amplitude anomaly of hydrocarbon formation. In view of thepoint, we design six kinds of models of worldwide typical hydrocarbon traps,and es-timate some theoretical all wave seismograms of the models. Having ana1ysed somesimulated seismic all-wave fields,we think that the result of all-wave finite elementnumerical modeling based on wave theory supports the result of bright spot tech-nique based on synthetic seismogram model,and that AVO result based on ray the-ory should be revised properly. With the joint use of surface seismic data and VSPdata,we can take this technique to find reliable wave field characteristic indicationrelating to hydrocarbon reservoir.
引文
1顾尔维奇.地震勘探教程,地质出版社,195721952
31966,614~622
4AllenJ.Some AVO failures and that(we think) we have learned.The Leading Edge,1993,12(3):162～167
5Ostrander W J.Plan-wave Reflection Coefficients forgas andsands at nonnormal angles of incldence.Geophysics,1984,49(10);1637~ 1648
6 Shuey R T.A Simplificati on of the Zoeppritz Equations.Geiphysics,1985,50(4);6O9～614
7 Yu G.Offset-amPlitude Variation and Controlled-amplitude pfocessing,Geiphysics, 1985, 5O(12): 2697～2708
8Castagna J and Backus M.Offset-dependent-reflectlveity-theory and practice of AVO analysis.The lead-ing Edge,1993
9Dehaas J C and Betkhout A J. Nonlinear Inversion of AVO. The leading Edge, 1990
10 Aki K and Richards P. Quantitative selsmology ,theory and methods,Freman and Company, 1980
11Wyllie et al.applied geophysics,Published by the press syndicate of the University of Cambridge, 1956
12 Telford W M et al.Applied geiphysics,Published by the press syndicate of the University of Cambridge,1990
13潘钟祥等.石油地质学,地质出版社,1986
31966,614~622
4AllenJ.Some AVO failures and that(we think) we have learned.The Leading Edge,1993,12(3):162～167
5Ostrander W J.Plan-wave Reflection Coefficients forgas andsands at nonnormal angles of incldence.Geophysics,1984,49(10);1637~ 1648
6 Shuey R T.A Simplificati on of the Zoeppritz Equations.Geiphysics,1985,50(4);6O9～614
7 Yu G.Offset-amPlitude Variation and Controlled-amplitude pfocessing,Geiphysics, 1985, 5O(12): 2697～2708
8Castagna J and Backus M.Offset-dependent-reflectlveity-theory and practice of AVO analysis.The lead-ing Edge,1993
9Dehaas J C and Betkhout A J. Nonlinear Inversion of AVO. The leading Edge, 1990
10 Aki K and Richards P. Quantitative selsmology ,theory and methods,Freman and Company, 1980
11Wyllie et al.applied geophysics,Published by the press syndicate of the University of Cambridge, 1956
12 Telford W M et al.Applied geiphysics,Published by the press syndicate of the University of Cambridge,1990
13潘钟祥等.石油地质学,地质出版社,1986
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