缝洞型碳酸盐岩储集层高效井预测地震技术
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摘要
针对塔里木盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩缝洞型储集层"高产而不稳产"、高效井预测成功率低的难题,基于缝洞型储集层尺度小、埋深大、非均质性强的特征,从相似的地震串珠状反射入手,发现并量化储集单元之间含油气规模的差异,准确落实储集单元的含油气规模。提出了以全方位高密度地震采集为基础、叠前保幅深度偏移为核心、缝洞储集层量化描述为重点的一体化地震技术对策,通过落实缝洞体储集空间的大小、缝洞体之间的连通关系以及缝洞体的含油气性等关键问题,优选含油气规模较大的缝洞单元作为钻探目标。在塔北哈7井区实际应用结果表明,该方法能够实现缝洞体的精细研究和缝洞单元的准确划分,从而提高高效井预测成功率。
Aiming at the problems of "high but unstable production" and low success ratio in highly profitable well prediction of the Ordovician fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs of the Tarim Basin,based on their features of small size,huge burial depth and high heterogeneity,and proceeding from the similar bead-like reflections,this study tries to find out and quantify the differences in oil and gas bearing scale between the reservoir units,and accurately works out the reserves in them.An integrated seismic technical strategy was proposed which bases on full-azimuth and high-density acquisition,centers on amplitude-preserved prestack depth migration,and stresses on the quantitative reservoir description.By figuring out the storage spaces of the fractured-vuggy reservoirs,the connection conditions between fracture-cave bodies,and the hydrocarbon bearing conditions of the fracture-cave bodies,the fracture-cave units which have larger reserves are chosen as drilling targets.The application results in Well Ha 7 area of the Tabei region proved that the fracture-cave bodies can be precisely studied and the fracture-cave units can be accurately delineated by these techniques,and the success ratio of the highly-profitable well prediction can be raised accordingly.
Aiming at the problems of "high but unstable production" and low success ratio in highly profitable well prediction of the Ordovician fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs of the Tarim Basin,based on their features of small size,huge burial depth and high heterogeneity,and proceeding from the similar bead-like reflections,this study tries to find out and quantify the differences in oil and gas bearing scale between the reservoir units,and accurately works out the reserves in them.An integrated seismic technical strategy was proposed which bases on full-azimuth and high-density acquisition,centers on amplitude-preserved prestack depth migration,and stresses on the quantitative reservoir description.By figuring out the storage spaces of the fractured-vuggy reservoirs,the connection conditions between fracture-cave bodies,and the hydrocarbon bearing conditions of the fracture-cave bodies,the fracture-cave units which have larger reserves are chosen as drilling targets.The application results in Well Ha 7 area of the Tabei region proved that the fracture-cave bodies can be precisely studied and the fracture-cave units can be accurately delineated by these techniques,and the success ratio of the highly-profitable well prediction can be raised accordingly.
引文
[1]邹才能,李启明,邬光辉,等.塔里木盆地寒武—奥陶系碳酸盐岩基本特征与勘探方向[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(4):450-453.Zou Caineng,Li Qiming,Wu Guanghui,et al.Characteristics andexploration direction of Cambrian-Ordovician carbonate rocks inTarim Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2009,30(4):450-453.
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[7]Yang Ping,Liu Yonglei,Li Haiyin,et al.Fractured-vuggy reservoircharacterization of carbonate,Tarim Basin,Northwest China[C].DeMolen:EAGE Extend Abstract,2011:116.
[8]Seggern D V.Depth-imaging resolution of 3D seismic recordingpatterns[J].Geophysics,1994,59(3):564-567.
[9]马在田.地震偏移剖面的假频、频散和横向分辨力[J].石油地球物理勘探,1982,21(4):16-29.Ma Zaitian.The alias,frequency dispersion and lateral resolution ofmigrated seismic section[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1982,21(4):16-29.
[10]Cordsen A.Narrow-versus wide-azimuth land 3D seismic surveys[J].The Leading Edge,2002,21(8):764-770.
[11]尹志恒,狄帮让,李向阳,等.国外应用纵波各向异性技术检测裂缝的研究进展[J].科技导报,2011,29(30):73-79.Yin Zhiheng,Di Bangrang,Li Xiangyang,et al.Progress in P-waveanisotropy technology for fracture detection[J].Science&Technology Review,2011,29(30):73-79.
[12]周世新,宋振响,王保忠,等.塔里木盆地深层碳酸盐岩中有机质特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(3):287-293.Zhou Shixin,Song Zhenxiang,Wang Baozhong,et al.Organic matterin deep carbonate rocks of the Tarim Basin,NW China[J].PetroleumExploration and Development,2011,38(3):287-293.
[13]羳暁桭,柄淓凷,枪治淓,箥.墰争姁雒絗佴趄億霢岞狕忝否昉褞搃劒侸疄[J].硏洕匴揾乪彜吭,2011,38(6):716-724.Luo Chunshu,Yang Haijun,Li Jianghai,et al.Characteristics of highquality Ordovician reservoirs and controlling effects of faults in theTazhong area,Tarim Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(6):716-724.
[2]Yang Ping,Sun Zandong,Liu Yonglei,et al.Origin and architectureof fractured-cavernous carbonate[J].The Leading Edge,2012,31(2):140-159.
[3]杜金虎,周新源,李启明,等.塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩大油气区特征与主控因素[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(6):652-661.Du Jinhu,Zhou Xinyuan,Li Qiming,et al.Characteristics andcontrolling factors of the large carbonate petroleum province in theTarim Basin,NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(6):652-661.
[4]王光付.溶洞型碳酸盐岩油藏高效开发实践:以塔河油田11区为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(5):703-708.Wang Guangfu.Efficient development of vuggy carbonate reservoirs:An example from the Block 11 of Tahe oilfield[J].Oil&GasGeology,2008,29(5):703-708.
[5]任爱军.塔河油田托甫台区块缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏开发技术研究[J].石油天然气学报,2011,33(6):304-306.Ren Aijun.Development techniques research of fractured-vuggycarbonate reservoir in Tuofutai area of Tahe oilfield[J].Journal ofOil and Gas Technology,2011,33(6):304-306.
[6]陈志海,马旭杰,黄广涛.缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏缝洞单元划分方法研究:以塔河油田奥陶系油藏主力开发区为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(6):847-855.Chen Zhihai,Ma Xujie,Huang Guangtao.Research on the fracture-vug unit division of fractured-vuggy carbonate rock oil pools:Anexample from the Ordovician oil pools in the principle producingarea of Tahe oilfield[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2007,28(6):847-855.
[7]Yang Ping,Liu Yonglei,Li Haiyin,et al.Fractured-vuggy reservoircharacterization of carbonate,Tarim Basin,Northwest China[C].DeMolen:EAGE Extend Abstract,2011:116.
[8]Seggern D V.Depth-imaging resolution of 3D seismic recordingpatterns[J].Geophysics,1994,59(3):564-567.
[9]马在田.地震偏移剖面的假频、频散和横向分辨力[J].石油地球物理勘探,1982,21(4):16-29.Ma Zaitian.The alias,frequency dispersion and lateral resolution ofmigrated seismic section[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1982,21(4):16-29.
[10]Cordsen A.Narrow-versus wide-azimuth land 3D seismic surveys[J].The Leading Edge,2002,21(8):764-770.
[11]尹志恒,狄帮让,李向阳,等.国外应用纵波各向异性技术检测裂缝的研究进展[J].科技导报,2011,29(30):73-79.Yin Zhiheng,Di Bangrang,Li Xiangyang,et al.Progress in P-waveanisotropy technology for fracture detection[J].Science&Technology Review,2011,29(30):73-79.
[12]周世新,宋振响,王保忠,等.塔里木盆地深层碳酸盐岩中有机质特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(3):287-293.Zhou Shixin,Song Zhenxiang,Wang Baozhong,et al.Organic matterin deep carbonate rocks of the Tarim Basin,NW China[J].PetroleumExploration and Development,2011,38(3):287-293.
[13]羳暁桭,柄淓凷,枪治淓,箥.墰争姁雒絗佴趄億霢岞狕忝否昉褞搃劒侸疄[J].硏洕匴揾乪彜吭,2011,38(6):716-724.Luo Chunshu,Yang Haijun,Li Jianghai,et al.Characteristics of highquality Ordovician reservoirs and controlling effects of faults in theTazhong area,Tarim Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(6):716-724.
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