海洋地震资料中强能量噪声压制的分频振幅衰减法应用研究
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摘要
分频振幅衰减法将地震数据分为不同的频段范围,通过求取给定频率段不同时窗内地震样点的振幅强度,预测出强能量的噪声,以地震样点组的平均绝对振幅值作为标定,确定地震样点的振幅衰减曲线,采用时变的门槛值来有效压制强能量噪声干扰。东海某海域实际地震资料压噪处理的应用效果表明,分频振幅衰减法不仅适用于涌浪干扰、地震(船)干扰及强能量低频和高频干扰的压制,还能有效压制近道强能量剩余多次波,显著改善地震资料的信噪比。
Frequency-dependent amplitude attenuation method divides seismic data into different frequency band.Strong-energy noise can be identified by calculating amplitude strength of sampling points within the given frequency band and time window.The amplitude attenuation curve of the seismic sampling could be achieved by calculating every sampling ’s amplitude strength which is calibrated by the average absolute amplitude of the seismic sampling group.Then,the strong-energy noise can be effectively suppressed by applying time-variable threshold.The method is applied for noise elimination processing to offshore seismic data in the East China Sea,which shows that the method can completely suppress swell noise,seismic vessels interference and strong-energy noise with high or low frequency,and effectively suppresses the remaining multiples in near traces with great improvement of the S/N of offshore seismic data.
Frequency-dependent amplitude attenuation method divides seismic data into different frequency band.Strong-energy noise can be identified by calculating amplitude strength of sampling points within the given frequency band and time window.The amplitude attenuation curve of the seismic sampling could be achieved by calculating every sampling ’s amplitude strength which is calibrated by the average absolute amplitude of the seismic sampling group.Then,the strong-energy noise can be effectively suppressed by applying time-variable threshold.The method is applied for noise elimination processing to offshore seismic data in the East China Sea,which shows that the method can completely suppress swell noise,seismic vessels interference and strong-energy noise with high or low frequency,and effectively suppresses the remaining multiples in near traces with great improvement of the S/N of offshore seismic data.
引文
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[2]万欢,但志伟,冯全雄.海上地震勘探外源干扰快速压制方法[J].工程地球物理学报,2010,7(1):12-14Wan H,Dan Z W,Feng Q X.Outsource perturbationsuppression in offshore seismic exploration[J].Chi-nese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2010,7(1):12-14
[3]李来林,魏大力.LIFT去噪方法在地震资料处理中的应用[J].石油物探,2007,46(2):193-195Li L L,Wei D L.Application of LIFT de-noisemethod in seismic data processing[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2007,46(2):193-195
[4]宁日亮,张文坡,张淑梅,等.深海拖缆二维地震资料处理技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(5):520-524Ning R L,Zhang W P,Zhang S M,et al.2Dseismicdata processing from deep-sea streamer[J].Oil Geo-physical Prospecting,2006,41(5):520-524
[5]张占杰,陈茂根,龚定康,等.地震干扰波的衰减方法及其应用[J].海洋石油,2006,26(3):9-10Zhang Z J,Chen M G,Gong D K,et al.Methods andapplications of seismic interference attenuation[J].Offshore Oil,2006,26(3):9-10
[6]陈见伟.深海地震资料叠前去噪方法研究[J].海洋石油,2008,28(2):29-35Chen J W.Study on seismic data prestack noise at-tenuation techniques in deep water[J].OffshoreOil,2008,28(2):29-35
[7]渥.伊尔马兹.地震数据处理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994:52-57Yilmaz W.Seismic data processing[M].Beijing:Pe-troleum Industry Press,1994:52-57
[8]蔡希玲,熊定钰,熊罴,等.海上地震数据中侧面干扰波的特征与压制方法[J].中国海上油气,2005,17(2):89-91Cai X L,Xiong D Y,Xiong P,et al.Scattered noise inmarine seismic data and its attenuation techniques[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2005,17(2):89-91
[9]Linville A F,Meek R A.A procedure for optimallyremoving localized coherent noise[J].Geophysics,1995,60(1):191-203
[10]蔡希玲.声波与强能量干扰的分频自适应监测与压制方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(4):373-380Cai X L.An effective method to suppress acousticwave and high energy noise frequency-divisionallyand adaptively[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1999,34(4):373-380
[11]蔡希玲,吕英梅.地震数据时频分析与分频处理[J].勘探地球物理进展,2004,28(4):265-270Cai X L,Lv Y M.Time-frequency analysis and fre-quency-divisional processing of seismic data[J].Pro-gress in Exploration Geophysics,2004,28(4):265-270
[12]赵伟.海上高精度地震勘探技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2012:179-183Zhao W.Offshore high-precision seismic explorationtechnology[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2012:179-183
[13]郭建卿,张保庆,赵贻水,等.墨西哥湾海洋地震数据处理案例分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(增刊1):132-135Guo J Q,Zhang B Q,Zhao Y S,et al.Case analysisof offshore seismie data proeessing in Mexico Bay[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2007,42(S1):132-135
[14]张卫平,杨志伟,陈昌旭,等.海上原始地震资料干扰波的形成与识别[J].中国石油勘探,2011,16(4):65-69Zhang W P,Yang Z W,Chen C X,et al.Formationand identification of offshore original seismic datainterference wave[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2011,16(4):65-69
[15]刘伟,曹思远,王征,等.随机噪声的多尺度多方向域压制方法研究[J].石油物探,2011,50(3):301-305Liu W,Cao S Y,Wang Z,et al.Multi-sacle&multi-direction suppressing method for randon noise[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2011,50(3):301-305
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