地面微地震监测资料静校正方法研究
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摘要
针对地面微地震监测缺乏近地表速度资料和由于信噪比较低使得各条测线上初至走时拾取不全的问题,研究了利用射孔资料、声波测井资料及微地震事件监测资料进行地面微地震资料静校正的方法。讨论了初至拾取方法,对于不连续道的初至拾取,提出了用引导道方法拾取射孔事件和射孔点附近强微地震事件在各条测线的初至;通过声波测井资料建立基准面以下地层的初始速度模型,计算射孔事件的理论走时,进而求取初始静校正量;针对浅部和深部地层速度变化对初至影响程度的不同,设计了浅部二维速度模型和深部一维速度模型,根据射孔事件的实际初至运用反演方法校正初始速度模型,再用反演校正后的速度模型来正演射孔事件理论走时,求取总静校正量。最后,通过实际资料处理验证了静校正方法的应用效果。
Surface microseismic monitoring lacks near-surface velocity data and first break picked in every trace caused by low S/N;therefore,we use perforating data,logging data and microseismic event monitoring data to study the static correction method for surface microseismic data.For the picking of discontinuous first arrival,we put forward to utilize guide trace method to pick up the first arrival at every trace of perforating event and the strong microseismic event around the perforating point.By using acoustic logging data,the initial velocity model of the formation below the datum is built to calculate the theoretical traveltime and initial statics.Aiming at the different influence of the velocity variation in shallow and deep layers,we design 2D velocity model for shallow layer and 1D velocity model for deep layers;then,in terms of the actual first arrival of perforating event,the initial velocity mdoel is corrected by inversion method,then the corrected velocity model is adopted to simulating the theoretical traveltime of perforating event and calculate the total statics.Finally,actual data processing result proves the effect of the method.
Surface microseismic monitoring lacks near-surface velocity data and first break picked in every trace caused by low S/N;therefore,we use perforating data,logging data and microseismic event monitoring data to study the static correction method for surface microseismic data.For the picking of discontinuous first arrival,we put forward to utilize guide trace method to pick up the first arrival at every trace of perforating event and the strong microseismic event around the perforating point.By using acoustic logging data,the initial velocity model of the formation below the datum is built to calculate the theoretical traveltime and initial statics.Aiming at the different influence of the velocity variation in shallow and deep layers,we design 2D velocity model for shallow layer and 1D velocity model for deep layers;then,in terms of the actual first arrival of perforating event,the initial velocity mdoel is corrected by inversion method,then the corrected velocity model is adopted to simulating the theoretical traveltime of perforating event and calculate the total statics.Finally,actual data processing result proves the effect of the method.
引文
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[10]郑鸿明,彭勇,蒋琳,等.时变校正方法研究与应用[J].新疆地质,2009,27(1)89-91Zheng H M,Peng Y,Jiang L,et al.The research andapplication to time-variant corrections method[J].Xinjiang Geology,2009,27(1):89-91
[11]吴波,潘树林,陈辉.用四阶累积量子函数改进剩余静校正量的计算[J].石油物探,2010,49(3):227-239Wu B,Pan S L,Chen H.Improvement of calculatingresidual statics by fourth-order cumulant subfunc-tion[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2010,49(3):227-239
[12]刘文革.整体波场延拓法基准面校正与常规方法对比[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2010,32(6):57-64Liu W G.A comparative study between global wave-field continuation and routine methods for datumcorrection[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum Uni-versity(Science&Technology Edition),2010,32(6):57-64
[2]王克斌,王顺根.利用扩展广义互换折射波静校正方法解决MX地区资料的野外静校正闭合差[J].石油物探,2001,40(2):126-130Wang K B,Wang X G.Solving the mis-tie problemin MX area via extended generalized reciprocal meth-od(EGRM)refraction statics[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2001,40(2):126-130
[3]朱卫红,郑伟建,金晓雷,等.折射静校正在三维地震资料处理中的应用[J].石油物探,1999,38(3):39-44Zhu W H,Zheng W J,Jin X L,et al.Application ofrefraction static correction to 3-D seismic data pro-cessing[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,1999,38(3):39-44
[4]薛为平,刘治凡,周清华,等.准噶尔盆地南缘山地静校正方法探讨[J].新疆石油地质,2003,24(6):576-578Xue W P,Liu Z F,Zhou Q H,et al.Discussion ofstatic correction approaches for mountains in South-ern Margin of Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang PetroleumGeology,2003,24(6):576-578
[5]李家康,余钦范.近地表速度的约束层析反演[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(2):135-140Li J K,Yu Q F.Constrained tomographic inversionfor near-surface velocity[J].Oil Geophysical Pros-pecting,2001,36(2):135-140
[6]王孝,禄娟,冯心远,等.先验信息约束层析成像静校正技术在柴西南地区的应用[J].石油物探,2010,49(1):30-33Wang X,Lu J,Feng X Y,et al.Application of priori in-formation constraint tomography static correction tech-nique in the south of Western Qaidam basin[J].Geo-physical Prospecting for Petroleum,2010,49(1):30-33
[7]王孝,贺振华,王述江,等.多信息约束层析反演静校正技术及其应用[J].天然气地球科学,2010,21(2):316-320Wang X,He Z H,Wang S J,et al.Technology ofstatic correction for multi-information constrainedtomographic inversion and its application[J].Natu-ral Gas Geoscience,2010,21(2):316-320
[8]李辉峰,邹强.非地表一致性静校正方法探讨[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(S1):128-137Li H F,Zu Q.Discussion on the method of surfacenonconsistent static corrections[J].Oil GeophysicalProspecting,2005,40(S1):128-137
[9]王振华,袁明生,阎玉魁,等.复杂地表条件下的静校正方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(5):487-500Wang Z H,Yuan M S,Yan Y Q,et al.Method ofstatic corrections under complex near-surface condi-tions[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2003,38(5):487-500
[10]郑鸿明,彭勇,蒋琳,等.时变校正方法研究与应用[J].新疆地质,2009,27(1)89-91Zheng H M,Peng Y,Jiang L,et al.The research andapplication to time-variant corrections method[J].Xinjiang Geology,2009,27(1):89-91
[11]吴波,潘树林,陈辉.用四阶累积量子函数改进剩余静校正量的计算[J].石油物探,2010,49(3):227-239Wu B,Pan S L,Chen H.Improvement of calculatingresidual statics by fourth-order cumulant subfunc-tion[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2010,49(3):227-239
[12]刘文革.整体波场延拓法基准面校正与常规方法对比[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2010,32(6):57-64Liu W G.A comparative study between global wave-field continuation and routine methods for datumcorrection[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum Uni-versity(Science&Technology Edition),2010,32(6):57-64
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