偏振分析在地震信号检测中的应用
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摘要
给出了一种3分量地震数据偏振分析的技术,并将其应用到人工地震勘探信号的提取中。该技术基于时域算法,通过对协方差矩阵的本征分析,在滑动时间窗内计算偏振特性,由偏振椭圆导出表征质点运动的各种属性,并利用质点运动的特征构建偏振滤波器。本文对3分量合成地震记录和野外探测实验的实际3分量记录进行偏振分析研究,并在此基础上进行偏振滤波,有效地提高了信噪比。
The paper introduces a method of polarization analysis and its application for seismic signal detection. This method is based on Flinn's algorithm in time domain. Calculation of the data polarization characteristics can be done through calculating the eigenstructure of the covariance matrix in each moving data window. And the polarization filter is designed according to the characteristics of the particle motion to improve the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the seismic record. Synthetic three-component seismic data and real data from field experiment have been applied and the filtered results show the high efficiency of this method.
The paper introduces a method of polarization analysis and its application for seismic signal detection. This method is based on Flinn's algorithm in time domain. Calculation of the data polarization characteristics can be done through calculating the eigenstructure of the covariance matrix in each moving data window. And the polarization filter is designed according to the characteristics of the particle motion to improve the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the seismic record. Synthetic three-component seismic data and real data from field experiment have been applied and the filtered results show the high efficiency of this method.
引文
葛洪魁、林建民、王宝善等,2006,编码震源提高地震探测能力的野外实验研究,地球物理学报,49(3),864～870。
胡天跃、张广娟、赵伟等,2004,多分量地震波波场分解研究,地球物理学报,47(3),504～508。
刘建华、刘福田、胥頤,2006,3分量地震资料的偏振分析,地球物理学进展,21(1),6～10。
Bataille K,Chiu J M,1991,Polarization analysis of high-frequency,three-component seismic data,Bull Seism Soc Am,81,622～642.
Benhama A,Cliet C,Dubesset M,1988,Study and application of spatial directional filtering in three component recordings.Geophysical Prospecting,36,591～613.
Cho W H,Spencer T W,1992,Estimation of polarization and slowness in mixed wavefields,Geophysics,57,805～814.
Diallo M S,Kulesh M,Holschneider M,2005,Instantaneous polarization attributes in the time-frequency domain and wavefieldseparation,Geophysical Prospecting,53,723～731.
Diallo M S,Kulesh M,Holschneider M,et al,2006,Instantaneous polarization attributes based on an adaptive approximatecovariance method,Geophysics,71,99～104.
Esmersoy C,1984,Polarization analysis,rotation and velocity estimation in three-component VSP,in M N.Toksoz,and R RStewart,eds.Vertical seismic profiling,part B,Advanced concepts:Geophysical Press,236～255.
Flinn E A,1965,Signal analysis using rectilinearity and direction of particle motion,Proc IEEE53,1874～1876.
Jepson D C,Kennett B L N,1990,Three-component analysis of regional seismograms,Bull Seism Soc Am,80(6B),2032～2052.
Jurkevics A,1988,Polarization analysis of three-component array data,Bull Seism Soc Am,78,1725～1743.
Kanasewich E R,1981,Time Sequence Analysis in Geophysics,The University of Alberta Press.
Kanasewich E R,1990,Seismic Noise Attenuation,Handbook of Geophysical Exploration,Pergamon Press,Oxford.
Lucas E,1989,Polarization analysis of seismic data,M Sc Thesis,Flinders University of South Australia.
Meyer J H,1988,First comparative results of integral and instantaneous polarization attributes for multicomponent seismic data,Institut Francais Du Petrole,France.
Montalbetti J F,Kanasewich E R,1970,Enhancement of teleseismic body phases with a polarization filter,Geophys J R AstrSoc,21,119～129.
Morozov I B,Smithson S B,1996,Instantaneous polarization attributes and directional filtering,Geophysics,61,872～881.
Park J,1987,Frequency dependent polarization analysis of high-frequency seismograms,Journal of Geophysical Research,92,12664～12674.
Reading A M,Mao W,Gubbins D,2001,Polarization filtering for automatic picking of seismic data and improved converted phasedetection,Geophys J Int,147,227～234.
Roberts R G.,Christoffersson A,1991,Seismic signal detection—a better mousetrap?Bull Seism Soc Am,81(6),2511～2515.
Rudd B O,Husebye E S,1992,A new three component detector and automatic single-station bulletin production,Bull Seis SocAm,82(1),221～237.
Samson J C,1973,Descriptions of the polarization states of vector processes:applications to ULF magnetic fields,Geophys J R AstrSoc,34,403～419.
Samson J C,1977,Matrix and stokes vector representations of detectors for polarized waveforms:theory,with some applications toteleseismic waves,Geophys J R Astr Soc,51,583～603.
Samson J C,1983,The spectral matrix,eigenvalues,and principal components in the analysis of multichannel geophysical data,Ann Geophys,1,115～119.
Samson J C,Olson J V,1980,Some comments on the descriptions of the polarization states of waves,Geophys J R Astro Soc,61,115～129.
Samson J C,Olson J V,1981a,Generalized stokes vectors and generalized power spectra for second-order stationary vector-processes,SIAM J,Appl Math,40(1),137～149.
Samson J C,Olson J V,1981b,Data-adaptive polarization filters for multichannel geophysical data,Geophysics,46(10),1423～1431.
Sheriff R E,1984,Encyclopedic dictionary of exploration geophysics,Soc Expl Geophys.
Shimshoni M,Smith S W,1964,Seismic signal enhancement with three-component detectors,Geophysics,29(5),664～671.
Soma N,Niitsuma H,Baria R,2002,Reflection technique in time-frequency domain using multicomponent acoustic emissionsignals and application to geothermal reservoirs,Geophysics,67,928～938.
Steve R,2001,Seismic data acquisition——The new millennium,Geophysics,66(1),54.
Vidale J E,1986,Complex polarization analysis of particle motion,Bull Seism Soc Am,76,1393～1405.
Wagner G S,Owens T J,1996,Signal detection usingmulti-channel seismic data,Bull Seis Soc Am,86(1a),221～231.
胡天跃、张广娟、赵伟等,2004,多分量地震波波场分解研究,地球物理学报,47(3),504～508。
刘建华、刘福田、胥頤,2006,3分量地震资料的偏振分析,地球物理学进展,21(1),6～10。
Bataille K,Chiu J M,1991,Polarization analysis of high-frequency,three-component seismic data,Bull Seism Soc Am,81,622～642.
Benhama A,Cliet C,Dubesset M,1988,Study and application of spatial directional filtering in three component recordings.Geophysical Prospecting,36,591～613.
Cho W H,Spencer T W,1992,Estimation of polarization and slowness in mixed wavefields,Geophysics,57,805～814.
Diallo M S,Kulesh M,Holschneider M,2005,Instantaneous polarization attributes in the time-frequency domain and wavefieldseparation,Geophysical Prospecting,53,723～731.
Diallo M S,Kulesh M,Holschneider M,et al,2006,Instantaneous polarization attributes based on an adaptive approximatecovariance method,Geophysics,71,99～104.
Esmersoy C,1984,Polarization analysis,rotation and velocity estimation in three-component VSP,in M N.Toksoz,and R RStewart,eds.Vertical seismic profiling,part B,Advanced concepts:Geophysical Press,236～255.
Flinn E A,1965,Signal analysis using rectilinearity and direction of particle motion,Proc IEEE53,1874～1876.
Jepson D C,Kennett B L N,1990,Three-component analysis of regional seismograms,Bull Seism Soc Am,80(6B),2032～2052.
Jurkevics A,1988,Polarization analysis of three-component array data,Bull Seism Soc Am,78,1725～1743.
Kanasewich E R,1981,Time Sequence Analysis in Geophysics,The University of Alberta Press.
Kanasewich E R,1990,Seismic Noise Attenuation,Handbook of Geophysical Exploration,Pergamon Press,Oxford.
Lucas E,1989,Polarization analysis of seismic data,M Sc Thesis,Flinders University of South Australia.
Meyer J H,1988,First comparative results of integral and instantaneous polarization attributes for multicomponent seismic data,Institut Francais Du Petrole,France.
Montalbetti J F,Kanasewich E R,1970,Enhancement of teleseismic body phases with a polarization filter,Geophys J R AstrSoc,21,119～129.
Morozov I B,Smithson S B,1996,Instantaneous polarization attributes and directional filtering,Geophysics,61,872～881.
Park J,1987,Frequency dependent polarization analysis of high-frequency seismograms,Journal of Geophysical Research,92,12664～12674.
Reading A M,Mao W,Gubbins D,2001,Polarization filtering for automatic picking of seismic data and improved converted phasedetection,Geophys J Int,147,227～234.
Roberts R G.,Christoffersson A,1991,Seismic signal detection—a better mousetrap?Bull Seism Soc Am,81(6),2511～2515.
Rudd B O,Husebye E S,1992,A new three component detector and automatic single-station bulletin production,Bull Seis SocAm,82(1),221～237.
Samson J C,1973,Descriptions of the polarization states of vector processes:applications to ULF magnetic fields,Geophys J R AstrSoc,34,403～419.
Samson J C,1977,Matrix and stokes vector representations of detectors for polarized waveforms:theory,with some applications toteleseismic waves,Geophys J R Astr Soc,51,583～603.
Samson J C,1983,The spectral matrix,eigenvalues,and principal components in the analysis of multichannel geophysical data,Ann Geophys,1,115～119.
Samson J C,Olson J V,1980,Some comments on the descriptions of the polarization states of waves,Geophys J R Astro Soc,61,115～129.
Samson J C,Olson J V,1981a,Generalized stokes vectors and generalized power spectra for second-order stationary vector-processes,SIAM J,Appl Math,40(1),137～149.
Samson J C,Olson J V,1981b,Data-adaptive polarization filters for multichannel geophysical data,Geophysics,46(10),1423～1431.
Sheriff R E,1984,Encyclopedic dictionary of exploration geophysics,Soc Expl Geophys.
Shimshoni M,Smith S W,1964,Seismic signal enhancement with three-component detectors,Geophysics,29(5),664～671.
Soma N,Niitsuma H,Baria R,2002,Reflection technique in time-frequency domain using multicomponent acoustic emissionsignals and application to geothermal reservoirs,Geophysics,67,928～938.
Steve R,2001,Seismic data acquisition——The new millennium,Geophysics,66(1),54.
Vidale J E,1986,Complex polarization analysis of particle motion,Bull Seism Soc Am,76,1393～1405.
Wagner G S,Owens T J,1996,Signal detection usingmulti-channel seismic data,Bull Seis Soc Am,86(1a),221～231.
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