松辽盆地齐家地区青山口组浅水三角洲沉积特征及其地震沉积学响应
详细信息 本馆镜像全文    |  推荐本文 | | 获取馆网全文
摘要
在现代沉积学和地震沉积学理论指导下,综合应用11口岩心资料和大量地球物理资料,将松辽盆地齐家地区青山口组划分为3个长期旋回和6个中期旋回,确立青山口组主要发育湖盆浅水三角洲沉积体系。青山口组浅水三角洲由成熟度较高的中细砂岩组成,发育反映较强水流作用形成的沉积构造以及间断正韵律,分支河道砂体发育,累计砂体厚度达数十米,分布范围广,向湖盆中央方向延伸数十公里。三角洲前缘可细分为內前缘和外前缘。三角洲內前缘水下分支河道连续性好、延伸远;三角洲外前缘水下分支河道连续性差,被改造后形成前缘席状砂。基于浅水三角洲发育主控因素分析,建立了干旱和湿润气候条件下形成的浅水三角洲沉积模式。利用地震沉积学的地层切片刻画了浅水三角洲沉积砂体的枝状形态和大面积分布特征,指出近油源和临近断层的三角洲前缘砂体为有利勘探开发目标。
Under the guide of modern sedimentology and seismic sedimentology,combined with the comprehensive analysis of core data from more than ten wells and geophysical data,Qingshankou Formation is divided into 3 long-term cycles and 6 medium-term cycles in Qijia area,Songliao Basin. The 3 long-term cycles,SQ1,SQ2 and SQ3 correspond to the members,Qing Ⅰ,Qing Ⅱ and Qing Ⅲ,and the time scale of medium-term cycle is about 0. 5 ~1. 5 Ma,with thickness ranging from 45 m to 116 m. Shallow-water delta which consists of high-maturity fine-grained sandstone is mainly developed in Qingshankou Formation,and erosion surface reflecting stronge flow action,parallel beddings and long-scale cross beddings are well developed. Distributary channel sandstone is well developed in the shallow-water delta sedimentary system,with single channel thickness about several meters. The accumulative thickness of distributary channels can reach to tens of meters with a large distributing area,extending to the center of lacustrine basin over tens of kilometers. The development of subaqueous distributary channel of shallow-water delta is closely related to the base level( lake level) change. In the early stage of rising semi-cycle and the late stage of falling semi-cycle,the fluviation is significant and the channel sandstone which can extend towards the center of lacustrine basin more than 50 kilometers is well developed,with large accumulative thickness of compound sandbody( 17~ 28 m) and high sandstone to strata ration( 78% ~ 88%). In the late stage of rising semi-cycle and the early stage of falling semi-cycle,the lake level rises and the fluviation becomes weak,resulting in the extending distance of distributary channel less than 30 kilometers with small accumulative thickness of compound sandbody( 5 ~ 12 m) and low sandstone to strata ration( 22% ~ 45%). Delta front can be divided into inner front and outer front. The subaqueous distributary channel in inner front has good continuity and extends further,whereas the subaqueous distributary channel in outer front has poor continuity and sheet sand is well developed. Two typical sedimetanry models of shallow-water delta,delat plain well developed in humid climate and detla front well developed in arid climate,are established in Qijia area,Songliao Basin. Stratal slices from seismic sedimentology are applied to display the branchlike sandstone dispersal pattern of shallow-water delta and the characteristics of widely distribution. This study also points out that the detla front channel sandstone which is near to oil source and faults would be the favorable exploration targets.
引文
1 Fisk H N.Sedimentary Framework of the Modern Mississippi Delta[J].Journal of Sedimentary Petrology,1954,24(2):76-99
    2 Donaldson A C.Pennsylvanian sedimentation of central Appalachians[J].Special Papers.Geological Society of America,1974,148:47-48
    3 Postma G.An analysis of the variation in delta architecture[J].Terra Nova,1990,2(2):124-130
    4 Lemons D R,Chan M A.Facies architecture and sequence stratigraphy of fine-grained lacustrine deltas along the eastern margin of late Pleistocene Lake Bonneville,northern Utah and southern Idaho[J].AAPG Bulletin,1999,83(4):635-665
    5 Hoy R G,Ridgway K D.Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of fan-delta and river-delta deposystems,Pennsylvanian Minturn Formation,Colorado[J].AAPG Bulletin,2003,87(7):1169-1191
    6 Cornel O,Janok P B.Terminal distributary channels and delta front architecture of river-dominated delta systems[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,2006,76:212-233
    7 赵翰卿.松辽盆地大型叶状三角洲沉积模式[J].大庆石油地质与开发,1987,6(4):1-10[Zhao Hanqing.A sedimentary scheme for a large leaf-like delta in Songliao Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,1987,6(4):1-10]
    8 朱筱敏,刘媛,方庆,等.大型坳陷湖盆浅水三角洲形成条件和沉积模式:以松辽盆地三肇凹陷扶余油层为例[J].地学前缘,2012,19(1):89-99.[Zhu Xiaomin,Liu Yuan,Fang Qing,et al.Formation and sedimentary model of shallow delta in large-scale lake.example from Cretaceous Quantou Formation in Sanzhao Sag,Songliao Basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2012,19(1):89-99]
    9 朱筱敏,邓秀芹,刘自亮,等.大型坳陷湖盆浅水辫状河三角洲沉积特征及模式:以鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组为例[J].地学前缘,2013,20(2):19-28[Zhu Xiaominin,Deng Xiuqing,Liu Ziliang,et al.Sedimentary characteristics and model of shallow braided delta in large-scale lacustrine:An example from Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2013,20(2):19-28]
    10 邹才能,赵文智,张兴阳,等.大型敞流坳陷湖盆浅水三角洲与湖盆中心砂体的形成与分布[J].地质学报,2008,82(6):813-825[Zou Caineng,Zhao Wenzhi,Zhang Xingyang,et al.Formation and Distribution of Shallow-water Deltas and Central-basin Sandbodies in Large Open Depression Lake Basins[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2008,82(6):813-825]
    11 楼章华.地形、气候与湖面波动对浅水三角洲沉积环境的控制作用:以松辽盆地北部东区葡萄花油层为例[J].地质学报,1999,73 (1):83-92[Lou Zhanghua.Controls of the topography,climate and lake level fluctuation on the depositional environment of a shallowwater delta[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,1999,73(1):83-92]
    12 张昌民,尹太举,朱永进,等.浅水三角洲沉积模式[J].沉积学报,2010,28(5):933-944[Zhang Changmin,Yin Taiju,ZhuYongjin,et al.Shallow-water deltas and models[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2010,28(5):933-944]
    13 曾洪流.地震沉积学在中国:回顾和展望[J].沉积学报,2011,29(3):417-425[Zeng Hongliu.Seismic sedimentoology in China:A review[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2011,29(3):417-425]
    14 朱筱敏,李洋,董艳蕾,等.地震沉积学研究方法和岐口凹陷沙河街组沙一段实例分析[J].中国地质,2013,40(1):152-162[Zhu Xiaomin,Li Yang,Dong Yanlei,et al.The program of seismic sedimentology and its application to Shahejie Formation in Qikou depression of north China[J].Geology in China,2013,40(1):152-162]

版权所有:© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心