贵州地震活动图像及烈度区划
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摘要
笔者对贵州历史地震记载和仪器测量地震资料进行总结和分析，从公元１３０８～１９４８年有地震记载近两百条，级以上破坏性地震３３次，其中最高震级为级的强震，最高地震烈度Ⅷ为度．１９５５～１９９３年省境内能记录的３．０～５．４级地震２３５余次，解放后最大地震为５．４级。贵州与四省（区）接壤县份发生破坏性地震２３次。因此，贵州地震活动的频度和强度均属于全国中等水平。在此基础上，研究了贵州地震活动的主要图像，概略地把贵州地区划分为黔东、黔中和黔西三个不同形态的断块，显示了贵州地震活动似中国南北地震带中南端兴衰而兴衰，且由东向西逐渐增强，这是符合地理空间结构演进的客观规律的。因此，贵州省地震活动是＂以地质构造地震为主体，以诱发地震和岩溶类地震为两翼的独特的活动格局。＂又据最新＂中国地震烈度区划图＂，简介贵州地区的地震烈度区划，提出了烈度区划的基本特点，贵州有一半的县市处在地震烈度Ⅵ－Ⅶ度区内，约占全省国土面积的５０％。应依次指导与加强贵州省的防震减灾工作。
Historical seismological records in Guizhou show that there were nearly 200 earthquakes during the period of 1308 to 1948, including 33 destructive earthquakes above magnitude 4. 75 and the largest earthquke up to magnitude 6. 5 with intensity 8. from 1955 to 1993, over 235 earthquakes of magnitude 3. 0 to 5. 4 have been recorded throughout the province. Thus, the frequency and intensity of the seismicity in Guizhou can be ranked at moderate level in the country. In this paper, the seismicity image is studied according to analyses of the gathered data, and the seismic activity in Guizhou can be divided into three zonations corrsponded respectively to 3 differnt patterns of tectonic blocks, Qiandong (Eastern Guizhou), Qianzhong (Central Guizhou) and Qianxi (Western Guizhou), which are gradually weaker eastwards, seeming similar to the well known one of the centratsouthern sector of N-S earthquake Zone in China. The seimic image shows the pattern of earthquake activity in Guizhou is composed of a principal part of tectonic earthquakes with two limbs of induced earthpuakes and karst earthquakes. In addition, the paper also gives a map of seimic intensity division of Guizhou in terms of "China Seismic Intensity" published recently. The authors describe the basic features of zonation of Guizhou seismic intensity and point out that earthquake activity with intensity of 7 to 8 spreads out in about an half of area of the province where the cities and courttes account for 50%. This work provide a guide to prediction and prevention of earthquakes in order to reduce loss as less as possible.
Historical seismological records in Guizhou show that there were nearly 200 earthquakes during the period of 1308 to 1948, including 33 destructive earthquakes above magnitude 4. 75 and the largest earthquke up to magnitude 6. 5 with intensity 8. from 1955 to 1993, over 235 earthquakes of magnitude 3. 0 to 5. 4 have been recorded throughout the province. Thus, the frequency and intensity of the seismicity in Guizhou can be ranked at moderate level in the country. In this paper, the seismicity image is studied according to analyses of the gathered data, and the seismic activity in Guizhou can be divided into three zonations corrsponded respectively to 3 differnt patterns of tectonic blocks, Qiandong (Eastern Guizhou), Qianzhong (Central Guizhou) and Qianxi (Western Guizhou), which are gradually weaker eastwards, seeming similar to the well known one of the centratsouthern sector of N-S earthquake Zone in China. The seimic image shows the pattern of earthquake activity in Guizhou is composed of a principal part of tectonic earthquakes with two limbs of induced earthpuakes and karst earthquakes. In addition, the paper also gives a map of seimic intensity division of Guizhou in terms of "China Seismic Intensity" published recently. The authors describe the basic features of zonation of Guizhou seismic intensity and point out that earthquake activity with intensity of 7 to 8 spreads out in about an half of area of the province where the cities and courttes account for 50%. This work provide a guide to prediction and prevention of earthquakes in order to reduce loss as less as possible.
引文
［1］贵州省地质矿产局1987贵州区域地质志地质出版社［2］覃子建吴淑才1991贵州地震历史资料汇编贵州科技出版社［3］覃子建吴淑才1992贵州省级以上历史地震补遗地震学刊第1期（总45期）［4］覃子建吴淑才1992贵州历史地震资料补修中国地震年鉴地震出版社［5］曹卫峰王安祥1993贵州省地质灾害浅析贵州地质第2期（总35期）
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