井间地震测量数据的反射波成像及解释
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摘要
井间地震反射波成像比井间速度层析成像具有更高的分辨率,井间地震反射波成像剖面能用于井间储层精细解释。本文采用非均匀介质的射线追踪算法,按照实际井间地震观测系统计算共炮点道集(或共接收点道集)的反射波时间场,然后将反射波能量在共反射点上叠加,得到井间地震反射波成像剖面。其具体做法分三步:1计算各反射点的反射波旅行时,包括上、下行反射波;2按一定的观测方式(如共炮点、共接收点、共偏移距、共中心点、共深度点)进行上、下行波分离;3分别对上、下行反射波进行共反射点叠加成像并合并。通过理论模型和实际资料处理,均得到了质量较高的井间反射波成像剖面
The image of crosshole seismic reflection wave has higher resolution than the tomographic image of crosshole seismic velocity does; and the section of crosshole seismic reflection wave may be applied to minute interpretation of crosshole reservoir. The time field of reflection wave of common shot trace gather ( or common receiver trace gather ) is computed by taking ray tracing in nonuniform medium according to real crosshole seismic observation system; and then the image section of crosshole seismic reflection wave can be produced by stacking reflection energies at common reflection point. This can be achieved in the following steps: ·Computing the travel times of upgoing and downgoing reflection waves at each reflection point; ·Separating upgoing wave from downgoing wave according to a given way (common shot, common receiver, common offset, common mid point or common depth point); ·The upgoing wave and downgoing wave undergo CRP stacking respectively, then they are merged into a single section; Both theoretical model and real data processing bring good crosshole seismic sections.
The image of crosshole seismic reflection wave has higher resolution than the tomographic image of crosshole seismic velocity does; and the section of crosshole seismic reflection wave may be applied to minute interpretation of crosshole reservoir. The time field of reflection wave of common shot trace gather ( or common receiver trace gather ) is computed by taking ray tracing in nonuniform medium according to real crosshole seismic observation system; and then the image section of crosshole seismic reflection wave can be produced by stacking reflection energies at common reflection point. This can be achieved in the following steps: ·Computing the travel times of upgoing and downgoing reflection waves at each reflection point; ·Separating upgoing wave from downgoing wave according to a given way (common shot, common receiver, common offset, common mid point or common depth point); ·The upgoing wave and downgoing wave undergo CRP stacking respectively, then they are merged into a single section; Both theoretical model and real data processing bring good crosshole seismic sections.
引文
1 Smalley Nicholas and Harris J.CDP stacking imaging of crosswell reflection.Expanded Abstractsof 6
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2 ndSEG Mtg,19922 朱光明 .垂直地震剖面法 ,石油工业出版社 ,19883 刘清林等 .井间地震野外资料的叠前波动方程深度偏移 .石油物探 ,1995 ,34( 3) :1～ 13
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6 严又生 .井间地震串联滤波波场分离方法 .物探化探计算技术 ,1997,( 3) :2 10～ 2 15
7 严又生 ,宜明理 ,魏新等 .JL油田井间地震测量及纵横波速度层析成像 .石油地球物理勘探 ,1998,33( 6) :749～ 75 7
8 吴元燕等 .油气储层地质 ,石油工业出版社 ,1996
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