用时频峰值滤波方法消减地震勘探资料中随机噪声的初步研究
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摘要
时频峰值滤波算法是一种新颖的基于时频分析的信号增强算法,能够有效地消除随机噪声,恢复有效波信息.本文将这种时频分析算法用于消除地震勘探资料中的随机噪声,对淹没于随机噪声下的40道共炮点记录进行时频峰值滤波,恢复出来的共炮点记录可以清楚地表现原始记录同相轴的位置.经过对40道中任选两道(即第21道和第7道)滤波前后的子波形态Wigner-Ville分布、傅立叶振幅谱等的比较,可知仅在谷值和峰值点误差较大,子波带宽相对误差小于25%.仿真试验表明信噪比可达-7dB,说明该方法可以有效地消减地震资料中的随机噪声.
Time-frequency peak filtering(TFPF) is a novel signal enhancement algorithm,which is based on time-frequency analysis.TFPF could eliminate random noise,and recover filtered signal.In this paper,we make use of TFPF to get a clean recovery of common shot records with 40 channels in random noise.It is concluded the errors of peak and valley are bigger and the relative errors of wavelet bandwidth is less than 25% through comparing the wavelet shape,the Wigner-Ville distribution and Fourier transform spectra of amplitude of two filtered channels chosen from the 40 channels at will.Here we choose the twenty-first channel and the seventh channel.The filtered records could clearly show the event of synthetic seismic data,and get a clean recovery of the records in noise level down to a signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) of-7dB.Therefore it indicates the efficiency of the algorithm as a noise-eliminated method for seismic data.
Time-frequency peak filtering(TFPF) is a novel signal enhancement algorithm,which is based on time-frequency analysis.TFPF could eliminate random noise,and recover filtered signal.In this paper,we make use of TFPF to get a clean recovery of common shot records with 40 channels in random noise.It is concluded the errors of peak and valley are bigger and the relative errors of wavelet bandwidth is less than 25% through comparing the wavelet shape,the Wigner-Ville distribution and Fourier transform spectra of amplitude of two filtered channels chosen from the 40 channels at will.Here we choose the twenty-first channel and the seventh channel.The filtered records could clearly show the event of synthetic seismic data,and get a clean recovery of the records in noise level down to a signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) of-7dB.Therefore it indicates the efficiency of the algorithm as a noise-eliminated method for seismic data.
引文
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[12]张贤达,保铮.非平稳信号分析与处理[M],国防工业出版社,1998.
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[14]Zahir M.Hussain B.Boashash.Adaptive Instantaneous fre-quency estimation of multicomponent FM signal using quad-ratic time-frequency distributions[J].IEEE Trans.SignalProcessing,2000,50(8):657~660.
[15]Stankovic′L J,Katkovnik V.The wigner distribution ofnoisy signals with adaptive time-frequency varying window[J].IEEE Trans.Signal Processing,1999,47(4):1099~1108.
[16]Barkat B,Boashash B.Design of higher order polynomialWigner-Ville distributions[J].IEEE Trans.Signal Process-ing,1999,47(9):2608~2611.
[17]Dobrin M B.Introduction to Geophysical Prospecting[M].McGraw-Hill Book Co,New York NY,1976.
[2]胡天跃.地震资料叠前去噪技术的现状与未来[J].地球物理学进展,2002,17(2):218~223.
[3]崔若飞,王辉.多项式拟合技术在煤田地震勘探中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2000,15(2):47~54.
[4]董恩清,刘贵忠,张宗平.自适应Kalman滤波反褶积的快速实现方法[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(2):255~262.
[5]王振国,周熙襄,李晶.基于小波变换的最小光滑滤波去噪[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(6):594~600.
[6]张中杰.地震各向异性研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2002,17(2):281~293.
[7]杨选辉,沈萍,刘希强,郑治真.地震与核爆识别的小波包分量比方法.地球物理学报,2005,48(1):148~156.
[8]Boashash B,Mesbah M.Signal enhancement by time-frequen-cy peak Filtering[J].IEEE Trans.Signal Processing,2004,52(4):929~937.
[9]Cohen L.Time-frequency analysis[M].Prentice-Hall,1995.
[10]Lovell B C,Williamson R C,Boashash B.The relationshipbetween Instantaneous frequency and time-frequency repre-sentations[J],IEEE Trans.Signal Processing,1993,41(3):1458~1461.
[11]Boashash B,Black P J.An efficient Real-Time implementa-tion of the Wigner-Ville distribution[J].IEEE Trans.SignalProcessing 1987,ASSP-35(11):1611~1618.
[12]张贤达,保铮.非平稳信号分析与处理[M],国防工业出版社,1998.
[13]闫述,陈明生.瞬变电磁场资料的联合时-频分析解释[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(1):203~208.
[14]Zahir M.Hussain B.Boashash.Adaptive Instantaneous fre-quency estimation of multicomponent FM signal using quad-ratic time-frequency distributions[J].IEEE Trans.SignalProcessing,2000,50(8):657~660.
[15]Stankovic′L J,Katkovnik V.The wigner distribution ofnoisy signals with adaptive time-frequency varying window[J].IEEE Trans.Signal Processing,1999,47(4):1099~1108.
[16]Barkat B,Boashash B.Design of higher order polynomialWigner-Ville distributions[J].IEEE Trans.Signal Process-ing,1999,47(9):2608~2611.
[17]Dobrin M B.Introduction to Geophysical Prospecting[M].McGraw-Hill Book Co,New York NY,1976.
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