工程VSP与地震CT联合探测方法及其在岩土工程的应用
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摘要
垂直地震剖面(VerticalSeismicProfile,简称VSP)和层析成像(ComputerizedTomography,简称CT)方法,不仅能够使用统一的数学方法描述(如射线理论),并且在其勘探实践活动中完全可融为一体而成为优化技术组合下的高分辨工程物探方法.特别是在井间地震CT数据采集现场施工中,充分利用VSP和井间CT数据采集方式的兼容性和优化观测系统参数设计,几乎可以不增加野外工作费用,就能够同时获取井间地震CT数据和施测孔的逆向VSP数据体.如井中排列多点激发,地面各接收点构成多偏移距逆向VSP道集,并可组成关于孔中各炮点的变偏移距逆向VSP道集.这种高分辨技术组合在近地表大中型岩土洞室工程测试环境中更易于实现.本文简述了工程VSP与地震CT数据一体化观测系统,介绍了联合速度反演初始模型的建立与成像处理流程,给出VSP和CT联合成像方法应用于三峡大坝工程物探检测中的一个实例简介,最后得出相关结论并提出建议.
The Vertical Seismic Profile(VSP) and Computerized Tomography(CT) not only can be described by unified mathematical method(such as ray theory) but also can be fused in exploration work so as to become a combined technique of high resolution engineering geophysical exploration technique. Especially in the data acquisition work of cross-borehole tomography, if we sufficiently use the compatibility of VSP and CT acquisition method and design layout scientifically, we not only can get the data of cross-borehole tomography and converse VSP in the project well but also don't increase exploration cost. Such as hole array and multi-point shooting, every receiving point on the surface compose the multi-offset converse VSP gather and variable offset converse VSP gather of every source point about borehole. This whole set of high resolution technique is also easily accomplish in bigger cave engineering detection on near surface. We will introduce the combined geometry of engineering VSP and CT in part I, and introduce the designing method of seismic initial model and designing image processing flow in part II, in part III, we will give an example of combined seismic CT and VSP using in the engineering geophysics on the three gorge dam, finally we give some relevant conclusion and propose.
The Vertical Seismic Profile(VSP) and Computerized Tomography(CT) not only can be described by unified mathematical method(such as ray theory) but also can be fused in exploration work so as to become a combined technique of high resolution engineering geophysical exploration technique. Especially in the data acquisition work of cross-borehole tomography, if we sufficiently use the compatibility of VSP and CT acquisition method and design layout scientifically, we not only can get the data of cross-borehole tomography and converse VSP in the project well but also don't increase exploration cost. Such as hole array and multi-point shooting, every receiving point on the surface compose the multi-offset converse VSP gather and variable offset converse VSP gather of every source point about borehole. This whole set of high resolution technique is also easily accomplish in bigger cave engineering detection on near surface. We will introduce the combined geometry of engineering VSP and CT in part I, and introduce the designing method of seismic initial model and designing image processing flow in part II, in part III, we will give an example of combined seismic CT and VSP using in the engineering geophysics on the three gorge dam, finally we give some relevant conclusion and propose.
引文
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[5]G.T.赫尔曼,H.K.图伊,K.J.兰振伯格,P.C.萨巴蒂尔.层析成象和反演问题的基本方法[M].黄联捷,李幼铭等译.北京:石油工业出版社,1997.
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[8]徐利明,聂在平.埋地目标矢量电磁散射的一种快速正演算法[J].地球物理学报,2005,47(1):209～215.
[2]谢明道.垂直地震剖面应用技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1991.
[3]吴律.层析基础及其在井间地震中的应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997.
[4]杨文采.工程地球物理反演的理论与方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1997.
[5]G.T.赫尔曼,H.K.图伊,K.J.兰振伯格,P.C.萨巴蒂尔.层析成象和反演问题的基本方法[M].黄联捷,李幼铭等译.北京:石油工业出版社,1997.
[6]冯锐,楼家丁,周海南等.层析技术在水电工程中的应用[A].见:中国固体地球物理学进展[C].北京:海洋出版社,1999.397～407.
[7]张双喜,刘永华.工程VSP技术在三峡坝区中的应用[J].地球物理学报,1996,39:(Supp):125～132.
[8]徐利明,聂在平.埋地目标矢量电磁散射的一种快速正演算法[J].地球物理学报,2005,47(1):209～215.
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