四川盆地震旦系—下古生界优质储层形成与保存机理
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摘要
四川盆地震旦系—下古生界位于叠合盆地底部,其保存条件和烃源条件均佳,优质储层的形成与保存是油气能否成藏的关键。通过岩石学、流体地球化学等手段研究了四川盆地震旦系—下古生界优质储层形成与保存机理。研究结果表明:震旦系—下古生界滩相沉积环境普遍有利于早期优质储层的形成,而膏溶作用与表生岩溶作用是该时期早期优质储层的主要形成机理。另外,适时的油气充注、适宜的构造位置、相对稳定的构造、较少的流体混合、弱的水—岩反应及较低的含油饱和度等是早期优质储层的保存机理。震旦系—下古生界后期优质储层的形成机理则主要有深埋岩溶作用及有机酸导致的重结晶和构造挤压破裂作用等。
The Sinian-lower Palaeozoic strata in Sichuan Basin,which locate at the bottom of the superposed basin,have excellent hydrocarbon source and reservation conditions.Formation and conservation of high quality reservoirs were the keys for hydrocarbon reservoirs' forming.Based on the discussion of lithological and fluid geochemical characteristics,the formation and conservation mechanism of the high-quality reservoirs in Sinian-lower Palaeozoic were researched in the studied area.The bank facies in Sinian-lower Palaeozoic was favorable to the formation of early high quality reservoirs.Gypsum dissolution and epigenic karstification were the main formation mechanisms for the early high quality reservoirs.Moreover,timely hydrocarbon-filling,proper structural position,relatively stable structure,rare fluid mixing,under-reaction of water-rock and low oil-bearing saturation,etc.,were the conservation mechanisms for the early high quality reservoirs.Karstification at deep burial depth,recrystallization caused by organic acid and fracturing by tectonic compression were the main formation mechanisms for the late high quality reservoirs of the lower combination in Sichuan Basin.
The Sinian-lower Palaeozoic strata in Sichuan Basin,which locate at the bottom of the superposed basin,have excellent hydrocarbon source and reservation conditions.Formation and conservation of high quality reservoirs were the keys for hydrocarbon reservoirs' forming.Based on the discussion of lithological and fluid geochemical characteristics,the formation and conservation mechanism of the high-quality reservoirs in Sinian-lower Palaeozoic were researched in the studied area.The bank facies in Sinian-lower Palaeozoic was favorable to the formation of early high quality reservoirs.Gypsum dissolution and epigenic karstification were the main formation mechanisms for the early high quality reservoirs.Moreover,timely hydrocarbon-filling,proper structural position,relatively stable structure,rare fluid mixing,under-reaction of water-rock and low oil-bearing saturation,etc.,were the conservation mechanisms for the early high quality reservoirs.Karstification at deep burial depth,recrystallization caused by organic acid and fracturing by tectonic compression were the main formation mechanisms for the late high quality reservoirs of the lower combination in Sichuan Basin.
引文
[1]马永生,刘树根.中国海相碳酸盐岩层系深层油气成藏机理.中国石化南方勘探开发分公司,2007.
[1]宋文海.乐山—龙女寺古隆起大中型气田成藏条件研究.四川石油管理局,1995.
[1]马永生,刘树根.中国海相碳酸盐岸层系深层油气成藏机理.中国石化南方勘探开发分公司,2007.
[1]Braithwaite C J R,Rizzi G,Darke G.The geometry and petrogene-sis of dolomite hydrocarbon reservoirs[M].London:Geological So-ciety Special Publication,2004.
[2]林会喜.济阳坳陷桩海地区下古生界白云岩储集空间形成机理[J].油气地质与采收率,2006,13(3):5-7,11.
[3]王宝清,章贵松.鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格地区奥陶系古岩溶储层成岩作用[J].石油实验地质,2006,28(6):518-522.
[4]钱铮,赵澄林,刘孟慧.济阳坳陷深层天然气致密砂岩储集空间成因[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,1994,18(6):21-25.
[5]康竹林.中国深层天然气勘探前景[J].天然气工业,2000,20(5):1-4.
[6]赵文智,汪泽成,陈孟晋,等.鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界天然气优质储层形成机理探讨[J].地质学报,2005,79(6):833.
[7]何海清,王兆云,程玉群.渤海湾盆地深层石油地质条件分析[J].沉积学报,1999,17(2):273-279.
[8]刘树根,马永生,黄文明,等.四川盆地上震旦统灯影组储集层致密化过程研究[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(4):485-496.
[9]王允诚.油气储层评价[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
[10]汪泽成,赵文智,张林,等.四川盆地构造层序与天然气勘探[M].北京:地质出版社,2002.
[11]徐世琦,张光荣.四川盆地资阳地区震旦系气藏储层分布与控制因素[J].天然气勘探与开发,1999,22(3):1-5.
[12]王兴志,穆曙光,方少仙,等.四川资阳地区灯影组滩相沉积及储集性研究[J].沉积学报,1999,17(4):578-583.
[13]梅冥相,张丛,张海,等.上扬子区下寒武统的层序地层格架及其形成的古地理背景[J].现代地质,2006,20(2):195-208.
[14]包强,肖梅,施文.资阳地区震旦系古岩溶储层特征及测井评价[J].矿物岩石,1999,19(3):52-55.
[15]侯方浩,方少仙,王兴志,等.四川震旦系灯影组天然气藏储渗体的再认识[J].石油学报,1999,20(6):16-21.
[16]王兴志,穆曙光,方少仙,等.四川盆地西南部震旦系白云岩成岩过程中的孔隙演化[J].沉积学报,2000,18(4):549-554.
[17]Langhorne B Smith Jr,Davies Graham R.Structurally controlled hydrothermal dolomite reservoir facies[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(11):1641-1690.
[18]Hunt J M.Petrolem geochemistry and geology[M].San Francisco:W HFreeman and Company,1979.
[19]Tissot B,Durand B,J Espitati啨,et al.Influence of nature and dia-genesis of organic matter in formation of petroleum[J].AAPG Bul-letin,1974,58(3):499-506.
[20]Charles S,Spirakis,Allen V Heyl.Possible effects of thermal deg-radation of organic matter on carbonate paragenesis and fluorite precipitation in Mississippi Valley-type deposits[J].Geology,1988,16(12):1117-1120.
[21]Ezat Heydari,William J Wade.Massive recrystallization of low-Mg calcite at high temperatures in hydrocarbon source rocks:implica-tions for organic acids as factors in diagenesis[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(7):1285-1303.
[22]邓云山,孟自芳.威远背斜震四段顶部构造裂隙研究[J].天然气地球科学,1997,8(4):23-25.
[23]李国辉,李翔,杨西南.四川盆地加里东隆起震旦系气藏成藏控制因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(1):80-83.
[1]宋文海.乐山—龙女寺古隆起大中型气田成藏条件研究.四川石油管理局,1995.
[1]马永生,刘树根.中国海相碳酸盐岸层系深层油气成藏机理.中国石化南方勘探开发分公司,2007.
[1]Braithwaite C J R,Rizzi G,Darke G.The geometry and petrogene-sis of dolomite hydrocarbon reservoirs[M].London:Geological So-ciety Special Publication,2004.
[2]林会喜.济阳坳陷桩海地区下古生界白云岩储集空间形成机理[J].油气地质与采收率,2006,13(3):5-7,11.
[3]王宝清,章贵松.鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格地区奥陶系古岩溶储层成岩作用[J].石油实验地质,2006,28(6):518-522.
[4]钱铮,赵澄林,刘孟慧.济阳坳陷深层天然气致密砂岩储集空间成因[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,1994,18(6):21-25.
[5]康竹林.中国深层天然气勘探前景[J].天然气工业,2000,20(5):1-4.
[6]赵文智,汪泽成,陈孟晋,等.鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界天然气优质储层形成机理探讨[J].地质学报,2005,79(6):833.
[7]何海清,王兆云,程玉群.渤海湾盆地深层石油地质条件分析[J].沉积学报,1999,17(2):273-279.
[8]刘树根,马永生,黄文明,等.四川盆地上震旦统灯影组储集层致密化过程研究[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(4):485-496.
[9]王允诚.油气储层评价[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
[10]汪泽成,赵文智,张林,等.四川盆地构造层序与天然气勘探[M].北京:地质出版社,2002.
[11]徐世琦,张光荣.四川盆地资阳地区震旦系气藏储层分布与控制因素[J].天然气勘探与开发,1999,22(3):1-5.
[12]王兴志,穆曙光,方少仙,等.四川资阳地区灯影组滩相沉积及储集性研究[J].沉积学报,1999,17(4):578-583.
[13]梅冥相,张丛,张海,等.上扬子区下寒武统的层序地层格架及其形成的古地理背景[J].现代地质,2006,20(2):195-208.
[14]包强,肖梅,施文.资阳地区震旦系古岩溶储层特征及测井评价[J].矿物岩石,1999,19(3):52-55.
[15]侯方浩,方少仙,王兴志,等.四川震旦系灯影组天然气藏储渗体的再认识[J].石油学报,1999,20(6):16-21.
[16]王兴志,穆曙光,方少仙,等.四川盆地西南部震旦系白云岩成岩过程中的孔隙演化[J].沉积学报,2000,18(4):549-554.
[17]Langhorne B Smith Jr,Davies Graham R.Structurally controlled hydrothermal dolomite reservoir facies[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(11):1641-1690.
[18]Hunt J M.Petrolem geochemistry and geology[M].San Francisco:W HFreeman and Company,1979.
[19]Tissot B,Durand B,J Espitati啨,et al.Influence of nature and dia-genesis of organic matter in formation of petroleum[J].AAPG Bul-letin,1974,58(3):499-506.
[20]Charles S,Spirakis,Allen V Heyl.Possible effects of thermal deg-radation of organic matter on carbonate paragenesis and fluorite precipitation in Mississippi Valley-type deposits[J].Geology,1988,16(12):1117-1120.
[21]Ezat Heydari,William J Wade.Massive recrystallization of low-Mg calcite at high temperatures in hydrocarbon source rocks:implica-tions for organic acids as factors in diagenesis[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(7):1285-1303.
[22]邓云山,孟自芳.威远背斜震四段顶部构造裂隙研究[J].天然气地球科学,1997,8(4):23-25.
[23]李国辉,李翔,杨西南.四川盆地加里东隆起震旦系气藏成藏控制因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(1):80-83.
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